Intervention effectmodel-written summary

Combined biochar and glycine betaine improved yield components, biological yield and harvest index.

A claim from Incorporated Biochar-Based Soil Amendment and Exogenous Glycine Betaine Foliar Application Ameliorate Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Tolerance and Resilience to Osmotic Stress · 2021

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Combined biochar and glycine betaine improved yield components, biological yield and harvest index.

Treatment
Biochar-Based Soil Amendment and Exogenous Glycine Betaine Foliar Applicationt0
Outcome
yield components, biological yield, and harvest indexe0
Direction
improvede0

Not reportedMaterialGeneCompoundOrgan / stageInteractorInteractor roleSecond interactorSecond interactor roleComparatorSettingValueQualifier

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Oryza sativa
Oryza sativa · Taxon · picture from its Wikimedia Commons categoryDesmanthus4food · CC BY-SA 3.0 us · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Moreover, it improved the yield components, biological yield, and harvest index, as well as the nutrient value of rice grains of osmotic-stressed rice plants.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1378–1536
t0

“Incorporated Biochar-Based Soil Amendment and Exogenous Glycine Betaine Foliar Application Ameliorate Rice (Oryza sativa L.)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–124

Title

Incorporated Biochar-Based Soil Amendment and Exogenous Glycine Betaine Foliar Application Ameliorate Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Tolerance and Resilience to Osmotic Stress

Emad M. Hafez; Salah M. Gowayed; Yasser Nehela; et al. Plants 2021. doi:10.3390/plants10091930

Other claims from this paper (7)

Record rev-e507a1d2d3da41ae717f4d962d5bb61a3caf8594a110d9389aa4b9fe99add4b8 · schema claims-v0.9 · position 7 in the model’s answer

glycine betaine · yield · Oryza sativa (rice)Results agree

11 papers: 11 positive, 0 negative or no effect

10 papers in the same direction as this claim

  1. positive
    Glycinebetaine applied 33 days after sowing increased rice commercial yield by 13.06%.

    Crop Monitoring Strategy Based on Remote Sensing Data (Sentinel-2 and Planet), Study Case in a Rice Field after Applying Glycinebetaine · 2022 · compared with control areas

    Same direction

  2. positive
    Glycine betaine application increased rice grain yield.

    High night temperature and plant growth regulator effects on spikelet sterility, grain characteristics and yield of rice (Oryza sativa L.) plants · 2011

    Same direction

  3. positive
    Overall growth and yield traits in both cultivars under mild water deficit were maintained by exogenous glycine betaine.

    Exogenous Foliar Application of Glycine Betaine to Alleviate Water Deficit Tolerance in Two Indica Rice Genotypes under Greenhouse Conditions · 2019

    Same direction

  4. positive
    Kinetin and glycine betain increased paddy yield in both cultivars under water stress.

    Effect of exogenously applied kinetin and glycinebetaine on metabolic and yield attributes of rice (Oryza sativa L.) under drought stress · 2015

    Same direction

  5. positive
    GB increased rice grain yield by 13%.

    Characterization of Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Physiological Responses to a-Tocopherol, Glycine Betaine or Salicylic Acid Application · 2011

    Same direction

  6. positive
    Glycine betaine and proline together significantly enhanced tiller number compared with control

    Synergistic effects of foliar applied glycine betaine and proline in enhancing rice yield and stress resilience under salinity conditions · 2025 · compared with control groups

    Same direction

  7. positive
    Under 100% and 80% solar radiation, all chemical treatments gave higher plant height and tiller number than the absolute control.

    Effect of ecofriendly chemicals on morphological and phenological characters of rice variety Uma under UV stress · 2018 · compared with absolute control

    Same direction

  8. positive
    Combined glycine betaine and potassium nitrate gave maximum growth and yield improvement.

    Exogenous application of glycine betaine and potassium nitrate for improving growth and yield of rice (Oryza sativa L.) under drought at flowering stage · 2018

    Same direction

2 papers more in this group

See all 11 papers →

biochar · yield · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results

147 papers: 135 positive, 12 negative or no effect

134 papers in the same direction as this claim · 12 in the opposite direction

  1. positive
    Biochar application increased grain yield by 6% in the sixth season.

    Continuous applications of biochar to rice: Effects on nitrogen uptake and utilization · 2018

    Same directionCited by this paper

  2. positive
    20 t/ha biochar increased rice yield by 15.53% under water-saving irrigation.

    Effects of Biochar Addition on Rice Growth and Yield under Water-Saving Irrigation · 2021 · compared with non-biochar addition paddy fields

    Same directionCited by this paper

  3. negative
    Biochar application significantly reduced grain yield by 19.9%.

    Evaluation of biochar applications combined with alternate wetting and drying (AWD) water management in rice field as a methane mitigation option for farmers’ adoption · 2019 · compared with control (CT)

    Opposite direction

  4. no effect
    The adoption of AWD and biochar maintained the amount of rice yield compared with traditional practice.

    Assessment of greenhouse gas mitigation from rice cultivation using alternate wetting and drying and rice straw biochar in Thailand · 2023 · compared with traditional practice

    Opposite direction

  5. no effect
    Biochar addition gave a rice productivity increase of 3.36% that was lowest and not significant.

    Meta-Analysis of the Response of the Productivity of Different Crops to Parameters and Processes in Soil Nitrogen Cycle under Biochar Addition · 2022

    Opposite direction

  6. no effect
    Biochar addition did not influence yield components of upland rice.

    BIOCHAR AS SOIL CONDITIONER IN THE SUCCESSION OF UPLAND RICE AND COWPEA FERTILIZED WITH NITROGEN · 2017

    Opposite direction

  7. no effect
    Biochar plots had no significant rice yield difference from rice hull and control plots.

    Rice Yield Response to Biochar Application Under Different Water Managements Practices · 2012 · compared with rice hull and control plots

    Opposite direction

  8. negative
    Excess biochar inhibited rice yield.

    Biochar application improves the yield, lodging resistance, and lignin synthesis mechanism in rice · 2024

    Opposite direction

138 papers more in this group

See all 147 papers →

other · yield · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results

166 papers: 161 positive, 5 negative or no effect

160 papers in the same direction as this claim · 5 in the opposite direction

  1. no effect
    Humic acid levels did not significantly differ in grain weight.

    Effect of Humic Acid on Growth and Yield Several Genotypes of Rice (Oryza Sativa L.) · 2021

    Opposite direction

  2. no effect
    Zeolite soil amendment had no significant effect on the already high paddy yield.

    Utilization of a small soda pulp and paper mill effluent for rice field irrigation · 1997

    Opposite direction

  3. no effect
    Combined humic acid and silica had no significant effect on rice tiller number.

    Effectiveness of Ameliorant Humic Acid and Silica Based on Availability of Sandy Soil Nitrogen for Rice · 2022

    Opposite direction

  4. no effect
    Humic acid did not affect rice plant growth and yield.

    Humic Acid for Reducing Carbofuran Content of Rice Grown in Carbofuran-Contaminated Soil · 2023

    Opposite direction

  5. no effect
    Amendments did not significantly improve rice crop production.

    Aplikasi Formulasi Bahan Pembenah Tanah terhadap Beberapa Sifat Kimia Tanah Berpasir dan Produksi Tanaman Padi · 2024

    Opposite direction

  6. positive
    Both composts increased aboveground biomass and grain yield.

    Composted Cattle Manure Increases Microbial Activity and Soil Fertility More Than Composted Swine Manure in a Submerged Rice Paddy · 2017

    Same direction

  7. positive
    The same amendments increased paddy yield from 695.7 to 1644 kg/ha.

    Amelioration of salt affected soils in rice paddy system by application of organic and inorganic amendments · 2013

    Same direction

  8. positive
    Every zeolite level with nitrogen significantly increased rice grain yield relative to nitrogen alone and control.

    Effects of Zeolite Application on Rice Yield, Nitrogen Recovery, and Nitrogen Use Efficiency · 2007 · compared with 60 kg N ha−1 and control treatment

    Same direction

157 papers more in this group

See all 166 papers →

3 of 4 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.