Abstract
In order to extend the “eating window”, the optimum ripening phase suitable for eating, the combination of treatment with propylene (an ethylene analog) and 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP; an ethylene inhibitor) was assessed in three kiwifruit cultivars: ‘Rainbow Red’ Actinidia chinensis, ‘Sanuki Gold’ A. chinensis, and ‘Hayward’ A. deliciosa. Propylene treatment initiated the ripening process by inducing fruit softening, increasing soluble solid content (SSC), and decreasing titratable acids (TA), with or without endogenous ethylene production, depending on the duration of exposure. Once endogenous ethylene was induced, it accelerated fruit ripening, resulting in an over-ripening phase and shortening of the “eating window”. ‘Rainbow Red’ and ‘Sanuki Gold’ fruit treated with propylene continuously or for 48 h initiated endogenous ethylene production that led to an “eating window” lasting only 2 days (range of 3–5 days after the start of treatment), whereas it lasted for 7 days (range 3–10 days) in ‘Hayward’ fruit. Limited propylene treatment of the three cultivars for 24 h induced ripening without the detection of ethylene production, suggesting that the optimum ripening phase suitable for eating can be attained without endogenous ethylene production, resulting in a longer “eating window”. ‘Rainbow Red’ and ‘Sanuki Gold’ fruit treated with propylene for 48 h followed by 1-MCP treatment had extended “eating window” and shelf-life, with the suppression of endogenous ethylene. These results illustrate the practicability of different durations of propylene treatment in facilitating kiwifruit ripening and the additional benefit of 1-MCP treatment to the extend shelf-life of new high-quality kiwifruit cultivars, ‘Rainbow Red’ and ‘Sanuki Gold’.
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
Propylene induced fruit softening.
- Taxon
- kiwifruit
Actinidia deliciosat0 - Treatment
- Propylene treatmente0
- Outcome
- fruit softeninge0
- Direction
- inducinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Propylene treatment initiated the ripening process by inducing fruit softening”
t0“Kiwifruit”
Claim · model-written summary
Propylene increased soluble solid content.
- Taxon
- kiwifruitActinidia deliciosat0
- Treatment
- Propylene treatmente0
- Outcome
- soluble solid content (SSC)e0
- Direction
- increasinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Propylene treatment initiated the ripening process by inducing fruit softening, increasing soluble solid content (SSC)”
t0“Kiwifruit”
Claim · model-written summary
Propylene decreased titratable acids.
- Taxon
- kiwifruitActinidia deliciosat0
- Treatment
- Propylene treatmente0
- Outcome
- titratable acids (TA)e0
- Direction
- decreasinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Propylene treatment initiated the ripening process by inducing fruit softening, increasing soluble solid content (SSC), and decreasing titratable acids (TA)”
t0“Kiwifruit”
Claim · model-written summary
Induced endogenous ethylene accelerated fruit ripening.
- Taxon
- kiwifruitActinidia deliciosat0
- Outcome
- fruit ripeninge0
- Qualifier
- endogenous ethylene was inducede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Once endogenous ethylene was induced, it accelerated fruit ripening”
t0“Kiwifruit”
Claim · model-written summary
Induced endogenous ethylene shortened the eating window.
- Taxon
- kiwifruitActinidia deliciosat0
- Outcome
- shortening of the “eating window”e0
- Qualifier
- endogenous ethylene was inducede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Once endogenous ethylene was induced, it accelerated fruit ripening, resulting in an over-ripening phase and shortening of the “eating window””
t0“Kiwifruit”
Claim · model-written summary
Continuous or 48 h propylene induced endogenous ethylene in Rainbow Red fruit.
- Taxon
- kiwifruitActinidia deliciosat0
- Material
- ‘Rainbow Red’e0
- Treatment
- propylene continuously or for 48 he0
- Outcome
- endogenous ethylene productione0
- Direction
- initiatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“‘Rainbow Red’ and ‘Sanuki Gold’ fruit treated with propylene continuously or for 48 h initiated endogenous ethylene production”
t0“Kiwifruit”
Claim · model-written summary
Continuous or 48 h propylene induced endogenous ethylene in Sanuki Gold fruit.
- Taxon
- kiwifruitActinidia deliciosat0
- Material
- ‘Sanuki Gold’e0
- Treatment
- propylene continuously or for 48 he0
- Outcome
- endogenous ethylene productione0
- Direction
- initiatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“‘Rainbow Red’ and ‘Sanuki Gold’ fruit treated with propylene continuously or for 48 h initiated endogenous ethylene production”
t0“Kiwifruit”
Claim · model-written summary
The eating window lasted only 2 days for Rainbow Red under continuous or 48 h propylene.
- Taxon
- kiwifruitActinidia deliciosat0
- Material
- ‘Rainbow Red’e0
- Treatment
- propylene continuously or for 48 he0
- Outcome
- “eating window”e0
- Value
- 2 dayse0
- Qualifier
- range of 3–5 days after the start of treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“‘Rainbow Red’ and ‘Sanuki Gold’ fruit treated with propylene continuously or for 48 h initiated endogenous ethylene production that led to an “eating window” lasting only 2 days (range of 3–5 days after the start of treatment)”
t0“Kiwifruit”
Claim · model-written summary
The eating window lasted only 2 days for Sanuki Gold under continuous or 48 h propylene.
- Taxon
- kiwifruitActinidia deliciosat0
- Material
- ‘Sanuki Gold’e0
- Treatment
- propylene continuously or for 48 he0
- Outcome
- “eating window”e0
- Value
- 2 dayse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“‘Rainbow Red’ and ‘Sanuki Gold’ fruit treated with propylene continuously or for 48 h initiated endogenous ethylene production that led to an “eating window” lasting only 2 days (range of 3–5 days after the start of treatment)”
t0“Kiwifruit”
Claim · model-written summary
Hayward fruit had a 7-day eating window.
- Taxon
- kiwifruitActinidia deliciosat0
- Material
- ‘Hayward’e0
- Outcome
- it lasted for 7 dayse0
- Value
- 7 dayse0
- Qualifier
- range 3–10 dayse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“it lasted for 7 days (range 3–10 days) in ‘Hayward’ fruit”
t0“Kiwifruit”
Claim · model-written summary
A 24 h propylene treatment induced ripening without detected ethylene production in all three cultivars.
- Taxon
- kiwifruitActinidia deliciosat0
- Treatment
- propylene treatment of the three cultivars for 24 he0
- Outcome
- ripening without the detection of ethylene productione0
- Direction
- inducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Limited propylene treatment of the three cultivars for 24 h induced ripening without the detection of ethylene production”
t0“Kiwifruit”
Claim · model-written summary
Propylene for 48 h followed by 1-MCP extended the Rainbow Red eating window and shelf life.
- Taxon
- kiwifruitActinidia deliciosat0
- Material
- ‘Rainbow Red’e0
- Treatment
- propylene for 48 h followed by 1-MCP treatmente0
- Outcome
- “eating window” and shelf-lifee0
- Direction
- extendede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“‘Rainbow Red’ and ‘Sanuki Gold’ fruit treated with propylene for 48 h followed by 1-MCP treatment had extended “eating window” and shelf-life”
t0“Kiwifruit”
Claim · model-written summary
Propylene for 48 h followed by 1-MCP extended the Sanuki Gold eating window and shelf life.
- Taxon
- kiwifruitActinidia deliciosat0
- Material
- ‘Sanuki Gold’e0
- Treatment
- propylene for 48 h followed by 1-MCP treatmente0
- Outcome
- “eating window” and shelf-lifee0
- Direction
- extendede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“‘Rainbow Red’ and ‘Sanuki Gold’ fruit treated with propylene for 48 h followed by 1-MCP treatment had extended “eating window” and shelf-life”
t0“Kiwifruit”
Claim · model-written summary
The combined treatment suppressed endogenous ethylene in the two cultivars.
- Taxon
- kiwifruitActinidia deliciosat0
- Treatment
- propylene for 48 h followed by 1-MCP treatmente0
- Outcome
- endogenous ethylenee0
- Direction
- suppressione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“‘Rainbow Red’ and ‘Sanuki Gold’ fruit treated with propylene for 48 h followed by 1-MCP treatment had extended “eating window” and shelf-life, with the suppression of endogenous ethylene.”
t0“Kiwifruit”
The same questions in other papers
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- no effect
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propene · quality: postharvest · Actinidia deliciosa (kiwifruit)Results agree
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propene · molecular: metabolites · Actinidia deliciosa (kiwifruit)Results agree
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1-methylcyclopropene · physiology: hormones · Actinidia deliciosa (kiwifruit)Results agree
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See all 21 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.