Abstract
Antioxidant enzymes, besides being involved in various developmental processes, are known to be important for environmental stress tolerance in plants. In this study, the effect of treatment of 2.5 mM putrescine (Put), heat stress (HS -42 degrees C for 2 h) and their combination on the expression and activity of antioxidant enzymes was studied at pre-anthesis in the leaves of two wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars--HDR77 (thermotolerant) and HD2329 (thermosusceptible). We observed that 2.5 mM Put before HS significantly enhanced the transcript levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), cytoplasmic and peroxisomal ascorbate peroxidase (cAPX, pAPX) in both the cultivars. However, the activities of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT, APX and GR), as well as accumulation of antioxidants (ascorbic acid and total thiol content) were higher in HDR77 than in HD2329 in response to the treatment 2.5 mM Put + HS. No significant change was observed in the proline accumulation in response to HS and combined treatment of 2.5 mM Put + HS. A decrease in the H2O2 accumulation, lipid peroxidation and increase in cell membrane stability (CMS) were observed in response to 2.5 mM Put + HS treatment, as compared to HS treatment alone in both the cultivars; HDR77 was, however, more responsive to 2.5 mM Put + HS treatment. Put (2.5 mM) treatment at pre-anthesis thus modulated the defense mechanism responsible for the thermotolerance capacity of wheat under the heat stress. Elicitors like Put, therefore, need to be further studied for temporarily manipulating the thermotolerance capacity of wheat grown under the field conditions in view of the impending global climate change.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Putrescine before heat stress significantly enhanced transcript levels of SOD and CAT in wheat leaves.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivume0 - Organ / stage
- leavese0
- Treatment
- 2.5 mM Put before HSe1
- Gene
- superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT)e1
- Outcome
- transcript levelse1
- Direction
- enhancede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“was studied at pre-anthesis in the leaves of two wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars--HDR77 (thermotolerant) and HD2329 (thermosusceptible)”
e1“2.5 mM Put before HS significantly enhanced the transcript levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), cytoplasmic and peroxisomal ascorbate peroxidase (cAPX, pAPX) in both the cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Putrescine before heat stress significantly enhanced transcript levels of cAPX and pAPX in wheat leaves.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Organ / stage
- leavese0
- Treatment
- 2.5 mM Put before HSe1
- Gene
- cytoplasmic and peroxisomal ascorbate peroxidase (cAPX, pAPX)e1
- Outcome
- transcript levelse1
- Direction
- enhancede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“was studied at pre-anthesis in the leaves of two wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars--HDR77 (thermotolerant) and HD2329 (thermosusceptible)”
e1“2.5 mM Put before HS significantly enhanced the transcript levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), cytoplasmic and peroxisomal ascorbate peroxidase (cAPX, pAPX) in both the cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Under Put plus heat stress, SOD, CAT and APX activities were higher in HDR77 than in HD2329.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Material
- HDR77e0
- Treatment
- 2.5 mM Put + HSe2
- Outcome
- activities of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT, APXe2
- Direction
- highere2
- Comparator
- HD2329e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“was studied at pre-anthesis in the leaves of two wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars--HDR77 (thermotolerant) and HD2329 (thermosusceptible)”
e2“the activities of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT, APX and GR), as well as accumulation of antioxidants (ascorbic acid and total thiol content) were higher in HDR77 than in HD2329 in response to the treatment 2.5 mM Put + HS”
Claim · model-written summary
Under Put plus heat stress, GR activity was higher in HDR77 than in HD2329.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Material
- HDR77e0
- Treatment
- 2.5 mM Put + HSe2
- Outcome
- GRe2
- Direction
- highere2
- Comparator
- HD2329e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“was studied at pre-anthesis in the leaves of two wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars--HDR77 (thermotolerant) and HD2329 (thermosusceptible)”
e2“the activities of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT, APX and GR), as well as accumulation of antioxidants (ascorbic acid and total thiol content) were higher in HDR77 than in HD2329 in response to the treatment 2.5 mM Put + HS”
Claim · model-written summary
Under Put plus heat stress, ascorbic acid and total thiol content were higher in HDR77 than in HD2329.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Material
- HDR77e0
- Treatment
- 2.5 mM Put + HSe2
- Outcome
- accumulation of antioxidants (ascorbic acid and total thiol content)e2
- Direction
- highere2
- Comparator
- HD2329e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“was studied at pre-anthesis in the leaves of two wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars--HDR77 (thermotolerant) and HD2329 (thermosusceptible)”
e2“the activities of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT, APX and GR), as well as accumulation of antioxidants (ascorbic acid and total thiol content) were higher in HDR77 than in HD2329 in response to the treatment 2.5 mM Put + HS”
Claim · model-written summary
Proline accumulation did not change significantly under heat stress or combined Put plus heat stress.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- combined treatment of 2.5 mM Put + HSe3
- Outcome
- proline accumulatione3
- Direction
- no_changeinferrede3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“was studied at pre-anthesis in the leaves of two wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars--HDR77 (thermotolerant) and HD2329 (thermosusceptible)”
e3“No significant change was observed in the proline accumulation in response to HS and combined treatment of 2.5 mM Put + HS”
Claim · model-written summary
Put plus heat stress decreased H2O2 accumulation and lipid peroxidation compared with heat stress alone.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- 2.5 mM Put + HS treatmente4
- Outcome
- H2O2 accumulation, lipid peroxidatione4
- Direction
- decreasee4
- Comparator
- HS treatment alonee4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“was studied at pre-anthesis in the leaves of two wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars--HDR77 (thermotolerant) and HD2329 (thermosusceptible)”
e4“A decrease in the H2O2 accumulation, lipid peroxidation and increase in cell membrane stability (CMS) were observed in response to 2.5 mM Put + HS treatment, as compared to HS treatment alone in both the cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Put plus heat stress increased cell membrane stability compared with heat stress alone.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- 2.5 mM Put + HS treatmente4
- Outcome
- cell membrane stability (CMS)e4
- Direction
- increasee4
- Comparator
- HS treatment alonee4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“was studied at pre-anthesis in the leaves of two wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars--HDR77 (thermotolerant) and HD2329 (thermosusceptible)”
e4“A decrease in the H2O2 accumulation, lipid peroxidation and increase in cell membrane stability (CMS) were observed in response to 2.5 mM Put + HS treatment, as compared to HS treatment alone in both the cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
HDR77 was more responsive than HD2329 to Put plus heat stress treatment.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Material
- HDR77e5
- Treatment
- 2.5 mM Put + HS treatmente5
- Outcome
- more responsivee5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“was studied at pre-anthesis in the leaves of two wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars--HDR77 (thermotolerant) and HD2329 (thermosusceptible)”
e5“HDR77 was, however, more responsive to 2.5 mM Put + HS treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
Pre-anthesis Put treatment modulated a defence mechanism responsible for the thermotolerance capacity of wheat.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume6
- Treatment
- Put (2.5 mM) treatment at pre-anthesise6
- Outcome
- thermotolerance capacitye6
- Qualifier
- defense mechanisme6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“Put (2.5 mM) treatment at pre-anthesis thus modulated the defense mechanism responsible for the thermotolerance capacity of wheat under the heat stress”
Claim · model-written summary
Putrescine should be further studied for manipulating wheat thermotolerance under field conditions.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume7
- Outcome
- thermotolerance capacitye7
- Setting
- field conditionse7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“Elicitors like Put, therefore, need to be further studied for temporarily manipulating the thermotolerance capacity of wheat grown under the field conditions”
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See all 10 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.