Abstract
Continuous cropping poses a severe threat to the sustainability of industrial crops like flue-cured tobacco ( Nicotiana tabacum L.) by degrading the rhizosphere micro-ecosystem. Organic amendments offer a promising remediation strategy, yet the systemic mechanisms linking amendment-induced changes in the rhizosphere environment to plant performance remain poorly quantified. Using a multi-omics approach—integrating rhizosphere soil microbial profiling (16S rRNA and ITS sequencing) with root exudate metabolomics (UHPLC-MS/MS)—this study investigated how four organic amendments (corn straw, cattle manure, rapeseed cake, and humic acid fertilizer) alleviate this obstacle in a continuous flue-cured tobacco system. Cattle manure and humic acid fertilizer were most effective in promoting plant growth, increasing plant height by 6.78% and 7.31%, and root dry weight by 55.51% and 71.26%, respectively, compared to the non-amended control. These amendments consistently elevated rhizosphere pH and organic matter, while reducing nutrient availability. The re-engineered soil environment was associated with a marked reduction in autotoxic phenolic acids (e.g., benzoic and cinnamic acid) and suppression of pathogenic fungi such as Fusarium and Plectosphaerella . Partial least squares path modeling (PLS-PM) integrated these disparate observations, verifying that the improvements in plant growth were primarily mediated through the rhizosphere soil property-driven suppression of autotoxins and pathogenic fungi, rather than through direct effects. These findings provide a mechanistic framework for selectively deploying organic amendments to manage rhizosphere health, offering a sustainable strategy to enhance productivity and break the cycle of soil sickness in continuous cropping systems for tobacco and other susceptible industrial crops.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Cattle manure increased tobacco plant height by 6.78% versus the non-amended control.
- Taxon
- tobacco
Nicotiana tabacumt0 - Treatment
- Cattle manuree0
- Outcome
- plant heighte0
- Direction
- increasinge0
- Value
- 6.78%e0
- Comparator
- non-amended controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cattle manure and humic acid fertilizer were most effective in promoting plant growth, increasing plant height by 6.78% and 7.31%, and root dry weight by 55.51% and 71.26%, respectively, compared to the non-amended control.”
t0“tobacco”
Claim · model-written summary
Humic acid fertilizer increased tobacco plant height by 7.31% versus the non-amended control.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Treatment
- humic acid fertilizere0
- Outcome
- plant heighte0
- Direction
- increasinge0
- Value
- 7.31%e0
- Comparator
- non-amended controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cattle manure and humic acid fertilizer were most effective in promoting plant growth, increasing plant height by 6.78% and 7.31%, and root dry weight by 55.51% and 71.26%, respectively, compared to the non-amended control.”
t0“tobacco”
Claim · model-written summary
Cattle manure increased tobacco root dry weight by 55.51% versus the non-amended control.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Treatment
- Cattle manuree0
- Outcome
- root dry weighte0
- Direction
- increasinge0
- Value
- 55.51%e0
- Comparator
- non-amended controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cattle manure and humic acid fertilizer were most effective in promoting plant growth, increasing plant height by 6.78% and 7.31%, and root dry weight by 55.51% and 71.26%, respectively, compared to the non-amended control.”
t0“tobacco”
Claim · model-written summary
Humic acid fertilizer increased tobacco root dry weight by 71.26% versus the non-amended control.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Treatment
- humic acid fertilizere0
- Outcome
- root dry weighte0
- Direction
- increasinge0
- Value
- 71.26%e0
- Comparator
- non-amended controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cattle manure and humic acid fertilizer were most effective in promoting plant growth, increasing plant height by 6.78% and 7.31%, and root dry weight by 55.51% and 71.26%, respectively, compared to the non-amended control.”
t0“tobacco”
Claim · model-written summary
Cattle manure and humic acid fertilizer raised rhizosphere pH and organic matter.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Treatment
- amendmentse0
- Outcome
- rhizosphere pH and organic mattere0
- Direction
- elevatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“These amendments consistently elevated rhizosphere pH and organic matter, while reducing nutrient availability.”
t0“tobacco”
Claim · model-written summary
Cattle manure and humic acid fertilizer reduced rhizosphere nutrient availability.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Treatment
- amendmentse0
- Outcome
- nutrient availabilitye0
- Direction
- reducinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“These amendments consistently elevated rhizosphere pH and organic matter, while reducing nutrient availability.”
t0“tobacco”
Claim · model-written summary
The changed soil environment was associated with fewer autotoxic phenolic acids.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Outcome
- autotoxic phenolic acidse0
- Direction
- reductione0
- Setting
- soil environmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The re-engineered soil environment was associated with a marked reduction in autotoxic phenolic acids (e.g., benzoic and cinnamic acid)”
t0“tobacco”
Claim · model-written summary
The changed soil environment was associated with suppression of pathogenic Fusarium.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Outcome
- suppression of pathogenic fungie0
- Direction
- suppressione0
- Setting
- rhizospheree1
FusariumOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“suppression of pathogenic fungi such as Fusarium and Plectosphaerella”
e1“rhizosphere soil property-driven suppression of autotoxins and pathogenic fungi”
t0“tobacco”
Claim · model-written summary
The changed soil environment was associated with suppression of pathogenic Plectosphaerella.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Interactor
- PlectosphaerellaPlectosphaerellae0pathogen
- Outcome
- suppression of pathogenic fungie0
- Direction
- suppressione0
- Setting
- rhizospheree1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“suppression of pathogenic fungi such as Fusarium and Plectosphaerella”
e1“rhizosphere soil property-driven suppression of autotoxins and pathogenic fungi”
t0“tobacco”
Claim · model-written summary
Path modeling attributed tobacco growth improvements primarily to soil-property-driven suppression of autotoxins and pathogenic fungi.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Outcome
- improvements in plant growthe0
- Qualifier
- rhizosphere soil property-driven suppression of autotoxins and pathogenic fungie0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“improvements in plant growth were primarily mediated through the rhizosphere soil property-driven suppression of autotoxins and pathogenic fungi, rather than through direct effects.”
t0“tobacco”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors propose selective organic amendment use to improve productivity and address soil sickness in continuous tobacco cropping.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacume0
- Outcome
- selectively deploying organic amendments to manage rhizosphere healthe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“selectively deploying organic amendments to manage rhizosphere health, offering a sustainable strategy to enhance productivity and break the cycle of soil sickness in continuous cropping systems for tobacco”
The same questions in other papers
other · growth · Nicotiana tabacum (tobacco)Results differ
18 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- positive
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See all 20 papers →fertilization · growth · Nicotiana tabacum (tobacco)Positive and negative results
153 papers in the same direction as this paper · 27 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- no effect
- negative
- negative
178 papers more in this group
See all 182 papers →other · soil: chemistry · Nicotiana tabacum (tobacco)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.