Abstract
Kiwifruit bacterial canker, caused by Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae (Psa), is one of the most destructive diseases affecting kiwifruit production worldwide. Salicylic acid (SA) plays a pivotal role in plant immunity, with its levels and signaling tightly regulated to maintain a balanced immune response. In plants, SA is biosynthesized via two distinct pathways: the isochorismate synthase (ICS) pathway and the phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) pathway. However, their roles in kiwifruit remain unclear. Here, we demonstrate that AcICS1 positively regulates kiwifruit resistance to Psa by promoting SA biosynthesis. Overexpression of AcICS1 significantly enhanced disease resistance, whereas silencing AcICS1 compromised immunity. Through dual-luciferase assays, AcWRKY40 was identified as a candidate regulator of AcICS1. Its direct binding to the W-box motif in the AcICS1 promoter was further confirmed by electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) and yeast one-hybrid (Y1H) assays. Functional analyses revealed that AcWRKY40 acts as a negative regulator of kiwifruit resistance to Psa: overexpression of AcWRKY40 repressed AcICS1 expression, inhibited SA accumulation, and increased disease susceptibility, whereas silencing AcWRKY40 alleviated these effects. Collectively, these findings identify AcWRKY40 as a transcriptional repressor of AcICS1, establish the AcWRKY40-AcICS1 regulatory module in kiwifruit, and provide new insights into SA-mediated resistance to bacterial canker.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
AcICS1 positively regulates kiwifruit resistance to Psa by promoting SA biosynthesis.
- Taxon
- kiwifruit
Actinidia deliciosae0 - Interactor
- Psae0pathogen
- Gene
- AcICS1e0
- Outcome
- resistance to Psae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Here, we demonstrate that AcICS1 positively regulates kiwifruit resistance to Psa by promoting SA biosynthesis”
Claim · model-written summary
Overexpression of AcICS1 significantly enhanced disease resistance of kiwifruit to Psa.
- Taxon
- kiwifruitActinidia deliciosae0
- Treatment
- Overexpression of AcICS1e1
- Interactor
- Psae0pathogen
- Outcome
- disease resistancee1
- Direction
- enhancede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Here, we demonstrate that AcICS1 positively regulates kiwifruit resistance to Psa by promoting SA biosynthesis”
e1“Overexpression of AcICS1 significantly enhanced disease resistance”
Claim · model-written summary
Silencing AcICS1 compromised immunity of kiwifruit to Psa.
- Taxon
- kiwifruitActinidia deliciosae0
- Treatment
- silencing AcICS1e1
- Interactor
- Psae0pathogen
- Outcome
- immunitye1
- Direction
- compromisede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Here, we demonstrate that AcICS1 positively regulates kiwifruit resistance to Psa by promoting SA biosynthesis”
e1“silencing AcICS1 compromised immunity”
Claim · model-written summary
Dual-luciferase assays identified AcWRKY40 as a candidate regulator of AcICS1.
- Taxon
- KiwifruitActinidia deliciosat0
- Gene
- AcWRKY40e0
- Outcome
- candidate regulator of AcICS1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Through dual-luciferase assays, AcWRKY40 was identified as a candidate regulator of AcICS1”
t0“Kiwifruit”
Claim · model-written summary
AcWRKY40 binds directly to the W-box motif in the AcICS1 promoter, confirmed by EMSA and yeast one-hybrid assays.
- Taxon
- KiwifruitActinidia deliciosat0
- Gene
- AcICS1e0
- Outcome
- direct binding to the W-box motif in the AcICS1 promotere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Its direct binding to the W-box motif in the AcICS1 promoter was further confirmed by electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) and yeast one-hybrid (Y1H) assays”
t0“Kiwifruit”
Claim · model-written summary
AcWRKY40 acts as a negative regulator of kiwifruit resistance to Psa.
- Taxon
- kiwifruitActinidia deliciosae0
- Interactor
- Psae0pathogen
- Gene
- AcWRKY40e0
- Outcome
- resistance to Psae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“AcWRKY40 acts as a negative regulator of kiwifruit resistance to Psa”
Claim · model-written summary
Overexpression of AcWRKY40 repressed AcICS1 expression in kiwifruit.
- Taxon
- KiwifruitActinidia deliciosat0
- Treatment
- overexpression of AcWRKY40e0
- Gene
- AcICS1e0
- Outcome
- AcICS1 expressione0
- Direction
- repressede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“overexpression of AcWRKY40 repressed AcICS1 expression, inhibited SA accumulation, and increased disease susceptibility”
t0“Kiwifruit”
Claim · model-written summary
Overexpression of AcWRKY40 inhibited SA accumulation in kiwifruit.
- Taxon
- KiwifruitActinidia deliciosat0
- Treatment
- overexpression of AcWRKY40e0
- Outcome
- SA accumulatione0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“overexpression of AcWRKY40 repressed AcICS1 expression, inhibited SA accumulation, and increased disease susceptibility”
t0“Kiwifruit”
Claim · model-written summary
Overexpression of AcWRKY40 increased disease susceptibility of kiwifruit to Psa.
- Taxon
- kiwifruitActinidia deliciosae1
- Treatment
- overexpression of AcWRKY40e0
- Interactor
- Psae1pathogen
- Outcome
- disease susceptibilitye0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“overexpression of AcWRKY40 repressed AcICS1 expression, inhibited SA accumulation, and increased disease susceptibility”
e1“Here, we demonstrate that AcICS1 positively regulates kiwifruit resistance to Psa by promoting SA biosynthesis”
Claim · model-written summary
Silencing AcWRKY40 alleviated the effects of AcWRKY40 overexpression in kiwifruit.
- Taxon
- KiwifruitActinidia deliciosat0
- Treatment
- silencing AcWRKY40e0
- Outcome
- these effectse0
- Direction
- alleviatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“whereas silencing AcWRKY40 alleviated these effects”
t0“Kiwifruit”
The same questions in other papers
loss of function · disease · Actinidia deliciosa (kiwifruit)Positive and negative results
4 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
- positive
4 papers more in this group
See all 8 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.