Abstract
Facing global environmental challenges, such as high soil salinity and increasing demand in crop production in terms of both quantity and quality, waste valorization for plant biostimulant development represents a viable strategy. In this study, chitin and lignin were extracted from shrimp and nut shells, respectively, and chemically modified through deacetylation and phosphorylation to improve their solubility and biodisponibility. All biopolymers were characterized and evaluated as biostimulants applied via foliar weekly in lettuce grown under salinity stress (100 mM and EC 4 dS/m) at concentrations of 0, 10, 50, and 100 ppm, resulting in fifteen treatments with ten replications each. Plant sampling was conducted eleven weeks after sowing, and growth parameters, chlorophylls, and proline were assessed. Chitin application at 10 ppm increased root dry weight by 150.9% and leaf fresh weight by 19.25%, while reducing proline content by 37%. In contrast, the 50-ppm treatment decreased leaf fresh weight by 22.5%. At 100 ppm, chitin increased leaf fresh weight by 35.5% and proline content by 35%. Chitosan at 10 ppm enhanced root fresh weight by 145% and reduced proline by 52%, whereas 100 ppm increased leaf fresh weight by 16.9%. Lignin at 10 ppm increased proline content by 70%, while 50 ppm improved root fresh weight by 66.2% and leaf dry weight by 57.6%. Phospholignin at 10 ppm increased leaf area by 76.6%. Overall, most of the biopolymers induced effects on growth and physiological responses under salinity stress, supporting their potential as value-added agricultural inputs derived from agro-industrial residues.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Chitin at 10 ppm increased lettuce root dry weight by 150.9%.
- Taxon
- lettuce
Lactuca sativat0 - Organ / stage
- roote0
- Treatment
- Chitin application at 10 ppme0
- Outcome
- root dry weighte0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 150.9%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Chitin application at 10 ppm increased root dry weight by 150.9%”
t0“lettuce plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Chitin at 10 ppm increased leaf fresh weight by 19.25%.
- Taxon
- lettuceLactuca sativat0
- Organ / stage
- leafe0
- Treatment
- Chitin application at 10 ppme0
- Outcome
- leaf fresh weighte0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 19.25%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Chitin application at 10 ppm increased root dry weight by 150.9% and leaf fresh weight by 19.25%”
t0“lettuce plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Chitin at 10 ppm reduced proline content by 37%.
- Taxon
- lettuceLactuca sativat0
- Treatment
- Chitin application at 10 ppme0
- Outcome
- proline contente0
- Direction
- reducinge0
- Value
- 37%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Chitin application at 10 ppm increased root dry weight by 150.9% and leaf fresh weight by 19.25%, while reducing proline content by 37%.”
t0“lettuce plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Chitin at 50 ppm decreased leaf fresh weight by 22.5%.
- Taxon
- lettuceLactuca sativat1
- Treatment
- 50-ppm treatmente0
- Outcome
- leaf fresh weighte0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Value
- 22.5%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the 50-ppm treatment decreased leaf fresh weight by 22.5%”
t0“chitin-based biostimulants”
t1“lettuce plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Chitin at 100 ppm increased leaf fresh weight by 35.5%.
- Taxon
- lettuceLactuca sativat0
- Treatment
- 100 ppm, chitine0
- Outcome
- leaf fresh weighte0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 35.5%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At 100 ppm, chitin increased leaf fresh weight by 35.5% and proline content by 35%.”
t0“lettuce plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Chitin at 100 ppm increased proline content by 35%.
- Taxon
- lettuceLactuca sativat0
- Treatment
- 100 ppm, chitine0
- Outcome
- proline contente0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 35%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At 100 ppm, chitin increased leaf fresh weight by 35.5% and proline content by 35%.”
t0“lettuce plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Chitosan at 10 ppm increased root fresh weight by 145%.
- Taxon
- lettuceLactuca sativat0
- Treatment
- Chitosan at 10 ppme0
- Outcome
- root fresh weighte0
- Direction
- enhancede0
- Value
- 145%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Chitosan at 10 ppm enhanced root fresh weight by 145%”
t0“lettuce plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Chitosan at 10 ppm reduced proline by 52%.
- Taxon
- lettuceLactuca sativat0
- Treatment
- Chitosan at 10 ppme0
- Outcome
- prolinee0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 52%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Chitosan at 10 ppm enhanced root fresh weight by 145% and reduced proline by 52%”
t0“lettuce plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Chitosan at 100 ppm increased leaf fresh weight by 16.9%.
- Taxon
- lettuceLactuca sativat0
- Treatment
- 100 ppme0
- Outcome
- leaf fresh weighte0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 16.9%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“100 ppm increased leaf fresh weight by 16.9%”
t0“lettuce plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Lignin at 10 ppm increased proline content by 70%.
- Taxon
- lettuceLactuca sativat0
- Treatment
- Lignin at 10 ppme0
- Outcome
- proline contente0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 70%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Lignin at 10 ppm increased proline content by 70%”
t0“lettuce plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Lignin at 50 ppm improved root fresh weight by 66.2%.
- Taxon
- lettuceLactuca sativat0
- Treatment
- 50 ppme0
- Outcome
- root fresh weighte0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Value
- 66.2%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“50 ppm improved root fresh weight by 66.2% and leaf dry weight by 57.6%”
t0“lettuce plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Lignin at 50 ppm improved leaf dry weight by 57.6%.
- Taxon
- lettuceLactuca sativat0
- Treatment
- 50 ppme0
- Outcome
- leaf dry weighte0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Value
- 57.6%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“50 ppm improved root fresh weight by 66.2% and leaf dry weight by 57.6%”
t0“lettuce plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Phospholignin at 10 ppm increased leaf area by 76.6%.
- Taxon
- lettuceLactuca sativat0
- Treatment
- Phospholignin at 10 ppme0
- Outcome
- leaf areae0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 76.6%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Phospholignin at 10 ppm increased leaf area by 76.6%”
t0“lettuce plants”
The same questions in other papers
chitosan · growth · Lactuca sativa (garden lettuce)Positive and negative results
6 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
- positive
4 papers more in this group
See all 8 papers →resistance inducer · growth · Lactuca sativa (garden lettuce)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.