Abstract
Fruit quality and skin color are key determinants of apple marketability. This study investigated the effect of fruit maturity and 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) treatment on quality attributes and chlorophyll (Chl) degradation in ‘Golden Ball’ apples during long-term cold storage. Apples were harvested at two maturity stages—low maturity (LM, starch pattern index [SPI] 6) and high maturity (HM, SPI 8)—based on Cornell’s SPI method, and subsequently treated with 1-MCP (LM+1-MCP and HM+1-MCP) before storage. At harvest, HM fruits exhibited significantly higher soluble solid content (SSC), titratable acidity (TA), red coloration (a*), index of absorbance difference (IAD), and respiration rate compared to LM fruits, although ethylene production, internal ethylene concentration (IEC), and firmness were not affected by maturity stage. During storage, HM fruits showed a more rapid decline in firmness, SSC, and TA, along with increased IEC, respiration rate, and a* value, and reduced IAD and Chl contents. Consistently, expression levels of genes associated with ethylene biosynthesis and Chl degradation were also higher in HM fruits. However, application of 1-MCP effectively suppressed ethylene production and respiration, thereby slowing the deterioration of fruit quality and Chl degradation in both maturity groups. Notably, the LM+1-MCP group demonstrated stronger ethylene inhibition and retained higher Chl levels than the HM+1-MCP group. Overall, the findings demonstrate that applying 1-MCP at the LM stage is a superior strategy for maintaining the postharvest quality of the apples.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
At harvest, high-maturity apples had higher SSC, TA and red coloration than low-maturity fruit.
- Taxon
- Apples
Malus domesticat0 - Material
- HM fruitse0
- Outcome
- soluble solid content (SSC), titratable acidity (TA), red coloration (a*)e0
- Direction
- highere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“HM fruits exhibited significantly higher soluble solid content (SSC), titratable acidity (TA), red coloration (a*)”
t0“Apples”
Claim · model-written summary
At harvest, high-maturity apples had higher IAD and respiration rate.
- Taxon
- ApplesMalus domesticat0
- Material
- HM fruitse0
- Outcome
- index of absorbance difference (IAD), and respiration ratee0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- LM fruitse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“HM fruits exhibited significantly higher soluble solid content (SSC), titratable acidity (TA), red coloration (a*), index of absorbance difference (IAD), and respiration rate compared to LM fruits”
t0“Apples”
Claim · model-written summary
Maturity did not affect ethylene production, IEC or firmness at harvest.
- Taxon
- ApplesMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- maturity stagee0
- Outcome
- ethylene production, internal ethylene concentration (IEC), and firmnesse0
- Direction
- not affectede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“ethylene production, internal ethylene concentration (IEC), and firmness were not affected by maturity stage”
t0“Apples”
Claim · model-written summary
During storage, high-maturity fruit lost firmness, SSC and TA more rapidly.
- Taxon
- ApplesMalus domesticat0
- Material
- HM fruitse0
- Outcome
- firmness, SSC, and TAe0
- Direction
- more rapid declinee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“HM fruits showed a more rapid decline in firmness, SSC, and TA”
t0“Apples”
Claim · model-written summary
During storage, high-maturity fruit increased IEC, respiration and red color.
- Taxon
- ApplesMalus domesticat0
- Outcome
- IEC, respiration rate, and a* valuee0
- Direction
- increasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“increased IEC, respiration rate, and a* value”
t0“Apples”
Claim · model-written summary
During storage, high-maturity fruit had reduced IAD and chlorophyll.
- Taxon
- ApplesMalus domesticat0
- Outcome
- IAD and Chl contentse0
- Direction
- reducede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“reduced IAD and Chl contents”
t0“Apples”
Claim · model-written summary
Ethylene biosynthesis and chlorophyll degradation gene expression was higher in high-maturity fruit.
- Taxon
- ApplesMalus domesticat0
- Material
- HM fruitse0
- Gene
- genes associated with ethylene biosynthesis and Chl degradatione0
- Outcome
- expression levelse0
- Direction
- highere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“expression levels of genes associated with ethylene biosynthesis and Chl degradation were also higher in HM fruits”
t0“Apples”
Claim · model-written summary
1-MCP suppressed ethylene production and respiration in both maturity groups.
- Taxon
- ApplesMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- 1-MCPe0
- Outcome
- ethylene production and respiratione0
- Direction
- suppressede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“application of 1-MCP effectively suppressed ethylene production and respiration”
t0“Apples”
Claim · model-written summary
1-MCP slowed deterioration of quality and chlorophyll degradation in both maturity groups.
- Taxon
- ApplesMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- 1-MCPe0
- Outcome
- deterioration of fruit quality and Chl degradatione0
- Direction
- slowinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“application of 1-MCP effectively suppressed ethylene production and respiration, thereby slowing the deterioration of fruit quality and Chl degradation in both maturity groups”
t0“Apples”
Claim · model-written summary
Low-maturity fruit given 1-MCP had stronger ethylene inhibition than high-maturity fruit given 1-MCP.
- Taxon
- ApplesMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- LM+1-MCPe0
- Outcome
- ethylene inhibitione0
- Direction
- strongere0
- Comparator
- HM+1-MCPe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“LM+1-MCP group demonstrated stronger ethylene inhibition and retained higher Chl levels than the HM+1-MCP group”
t0“Apples”
Claim · model-written summary
Low-maturity fruit given 1-MCP retained more chlorophyll than high-maturity fruit given 1-MCP.
- Taxon
- ApplesMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- LM+1-MCPe0
- Outcome
- Chl levelse0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- HM+1-MCPe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“LM+1-MCP group demonstrated stronger ethylene inhibition and retained higher Chl levels than the HM+1-MCP group”
t0“Apples”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend applying 1-MCP at the low-maturity stage for postharvest quality.
- Taxon
- applesMalus domesticae0
- Outcome
- applying 1-MCP at the LM stagee0
- Direction
- superiore0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“applying 1-MCP at the LM stage is a superior strategy for maintaining the postharvest quality of the apples”
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1-methylcyclopropene · quality: grain · Malus domestica (apple)Results differ
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- no effect
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92 papers in the same direction as this paper · 6 in the opposite direction
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See all 99 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.