Abstract
This study aimed to elucidate whether 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) treatment delays the fruit softening mechanism associated with the fruit quality of the newly released apple cultivars "Summer King" and "Green Ball" during cold storage. For both cultivars, the fruit treated with 1-MCP exhibited lower internal ethylene concentration, higher firmness, and higher titratable acidity relative to the control fruit, in association with less fruit softening. In addition, the treated fruit significantly delayed fresh weight loss and reduction of soluble solids content, especially in "Green Ball." Moreover, slower degradation of cell wall components (water-soluble pectin, sodium carbonate-soluble pectin, hemicellulose, and cellulose) was also observed in the treated fruit in comparison to the control fruit. Similarly, the enzymatic activities (of polygalacturonase, pectin methylesterase, cellulase, β-galactosidase, and α-L-arabinofuranosidase) that cause cell wall degradation were relatively lower in the treated fruit than in the control fruit for both cultivars, which was further proved by transcriptional analysis of the genes encoding the enzymes. Overall, the results suggested that the usage of 1-MCP is useful to delay fruit softening of the two cultivars during cold storage by delaying the degradation of cell wall components and enzymatic activities of cell wall hydrolysis.
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Claims 16
Claim · model-written summary
1-MCP lowered internal ethylene concentration in both apple cultivars.
- Taxon
- apple
Malus domesticat0 - Material
- both cultivarse0
- Organ / stage
- fruite0
- Treatment
- 1-MCPt0
- Outcome
- internal ethylene concentratione0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Comparator
- control fruite0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“For both cultivars, the fruit treated with 1-MCP exhibited lower internal ethylene concentration, higher firmness, and higher titratable acidity relative to the control fruit, in association with less fruit softening.”
t0“1-Methylcyclopropene (1-MCP)-Treated ‘Summer King’ and ‘Green Ball’ Apples”
Claim · model-written summary
1-MCP increased firmness in both apple cultivars.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Material
- both cultivarse0
- Organ / stage
- fruite0
- Treatment
- 1-MCPt0
- Outcome
- firmnesse0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- control fruite0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“For both cultivars, the fruit treated with 1-MCP exhibited lower internal ethylene concentration, higher firmness, and higher titratable acidity relative to the control fruit, in association with less fruit softening.”
t0“1-Methylcyclopropene (1-MCP)-Treated ‘Summer King’ and ‘Green Ball’ Apples”
Claim · model-written summary
1-MCP increased titratable acidity in both apple cultivars.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Material
- both cultivarse0
- Organ / stage
- fruite0
- Treatment
- 1-MCPt0
- Outcome
- titratable aciditye0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- control fruite0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“For both cultivars, the fruit treated with 1-MCP exhibited lower internal ethylene concentration, higher firmness, and higher titratable acidity relative to the control fruit, in association with less fruit softening.”
t0“1-Methylcyclopropene (1-MCP)-Treated ‘Summer King’ and ‘Green Ball’ Apples”
Claim · model-written summary
1-MCP treated fruit showed less softening in both apple cultivars.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Material
- both cultivarse0
- Organ / stage
- fruite0
- Treatment
- 1-MCPt0
- Outcome
- fruit softeninge0
- Direction
- lesse0
- Comparator
- control fruite0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“For both cultivars, the fruit treated with 1-MCP exhibited lower internal ethylene concentration, higher firmness, and higher titratable acidity relative to the control fruit, in association with less fruit softening.”
t0“1-Methylcyclopropene (1-MCP)-Treated ‘Summer King’ and ‘Green Ball’ Apples”
Claim · model-written summary
1-MCP delayed fresh weight loss, especially in Green Ball.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Material
- Green Balle0
- Organ / stage
- fruite0
- Treatment
- 1-MCPt0
- Outcome
- fresh weight losse0
- Direction
- delayede0
- Comparator
- control fruite0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“For both cultivars, the fruit treated with 1-MCP exhibited lower internal ethylene concentration, higher firmness, and higher titratable acidity relative to the control fruit, in association with less fruit softening. In addition, the treated fruit significantly delayed fresh weight loss and reduction of soluble solids content, especially in "Green Ball."”
t0“1-Methylcyclopropene (1-MCP)-Treated ‘Summer King’ and ‘Green Ball’ Apples”
Claim · model-written summary
1-MCP delayed reduction of soluble solids content, especially in Green Ball.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Material
- Green Balle0
- Organ / stage
- fruite0
- Treatment
- 1-MCPt0
- Outcome
- reduction of soluble solids contente0
- Direction
- delayede0
- Comparator
- control fruite0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“For both cultivars, the fruit treated with 1-MCP exhibited lower internal ethylene concentration, higher firmness, and higher titratable acidity relative to the control fruit, in association with less fruit softening. In addition, the treated fruit significantly delayed fresh weight loss and reduction of soluble solids content, especially in "Green Ball."”
t0“1-Methylcyclopropene (1-MCP)-Treated ‘Summer King’ and ‘Green Ball’ Apples”
Claim · model-written summary
1-MCP slowed degradation of water-soluble pectin in apple fruit.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Organ / stage
- fruite0
- Treatment
- 1-MCPt0
- Outcome
- degradation of cell wall componentse0
- Direction
- slowere0
- Qualifier
- water-soluble pectine0
- Comparator
- control fruite0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Moreover, slower degradation of cell wall components (water-soluble pectin, sodium carbonate-soluble pectin, hemicellulose, and cellulose) was also observed in the treated fruit in comparison to the control fruit.”
t0“1-Methylcyclopropene (1-MCP)-Treated ‘Summer King’ and ‘Green Ball’ Apples”
Claim · model-written summary
1-MCP slowed degradation of sodium carbonate-soluble pectin in apple fruit.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Organ / stage
- fruite0
- Treatment
- 1-MCPt0
- Outcome
- degradation of cell wall componentse0
- Direction
- slowere0
- Qualifier
- sodium carbonate-soluble pectine0
- Comparator
- control fruite0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Moreover, slower degradation of cell wall components (water-soluble pectin, sodium carbonate-soluble pectin, hemicellulose, and cellulose) was also observed in the treated fruit in comparison to the control fruit.”
t0“1-Methylcyclopropene (1-MCP)-Treated ‘Summer King’ and ‘Green Ball’ Apples”
Claim · model-written summary
1-MCP slowed degradation of hemicellulose in apple fruit.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Organ / stage
- fruite0
- Treatment
- 1-MCPt0
- Outcome
- degradation of cell wall componentse0
- Direction
- slowere0
- Qualifier
- hemicellulosee0
- Comparator
- control fruite0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Moreover, slower degradation of cell wall components (water-soluble pectin, sodium carbonate-soluble pectin, hemicellulose, and cellulose) was also observed in the treated fruit in comparison to the control fruit.”
t0“1-Methylcyclopropene (1-MCP)-Treated ‘Summer King’ and ‘Green Ball’ Apples”
Claim · model-written summary
1-MCP slowed degradation of cellulose in apple fruit.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Organ / stage
- fruite0
- Treatment
- 1-MCPt0
- Outcome
- degradation of cell wall componentse0
- Direction
- slowere0
- Qualifier
- cellulosee0
- Comparator
- control fruite0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Moreover, slower degradation of cell wall components (water-soluble pectin, sodium carbonate-soluble pectin, hemicellulose, and cellulose) was also observed in the treated fruit in comparison to the control fruit.”
t0“1-Methylcyclopropene (1-MCP)-Treated ‘Summer King’ and ‘Green Ball’ Apples”
Claim · model-written summary
1-MCP lowered polygalacturonase activity in both apple cultivars.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Material
- both cultivarse0
- Organ / stage
- fruite0
- Treatment
- 1-MCPt0
- Gene
- polygalacturonasee0
- Outcome
- enzymatic activitiese0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Comparator
- control fruite0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Similarly, the enzymatic activities (of polygalacturonase, pectin methylesterase, cellulase, β-galactosidase, and α-L-arabinofuranosidase) that cause cell wall degradation were relatively lower in the treated fruit than in the control fruit for both cultivars, which was further proved by transcriptional analysis of the genes encoding the enzymes.”
t0“1-Methylcyclopropene (1-MCP)-Treated ‘Summer King’ and ‘Green Ball’ Apples”
Claim · model-written summary
1-MCP lowered pectin methylesterase activity in both apple cultivars.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Material
- both cultivarse0
- Organ / stage
- fruite0
- Treatment
- 1-MCPt0
- Gene
- pectin methylesterasee0
- Outcome
- enzymatic activitiese0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Comparator
- control fruite0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Similarly, the enzymatic activities (of polygalacturonase, pectin methylesterase, cellulase, β-galactosidase, and α-L-arabinofuranosidase) that cause cell wall degradation were relatively lower in the treated fruit than in the control fruit for both cultivars, which was further proved by transcriptional analysis of the genes encoding the enzymes.”
t0“1-Methylcyclopropene (1-MCP)-Treated ‘Summer King’ and ‘Green Ball’ Apples”
Claim · model-written summary
1-MCP lowered cellulase activity in both apple cultivars.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Material
- both cultivarse0
- Organ / stage
- fruite0
- Treatment
- 1-MCPt0
- Gene
- cellulasee0
- Outcome
- enzymatic activitiese0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Comparator
- control fruite0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Similarly, the enzymatic activities (of polygalacturonase, pectin methylesterase, cellulase, β-galactosidase, and α-L-arabinofuranosidase) that cause cell wall degradation were relatively lower in the treated fruit than in the control fruit for both cultivars, which was further proved by transcriptional analysis of the genes encoding the enzymes.”
t0“1-Methylcyclopropene (1-MCP)-Treated ‘Summer King’ and ‘Green Ball’ Apples”
Claim · model-written summary
1-MCP lowered β-galactosidase activity in both apple cultivars.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Material
- both cultivarse0
- Organ / stage
- fruite0
- Treatment
- 1-MCPt0
- Gene
- β-galactosidasee0
- Outcome
- enzymatic activitiese0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Comparator
- control fruite0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Similarly, the enzymatic activities (of polygalacturonase, pectin methylesterase, cellulase, β-galactosidase, and α-L-arabinofuranosidase) that cause cell wall degradation were relatively lower in the treated fruit than in the control fruit for both cultivars, which was further proved by transcriptional analysis of the genes encoding the enzymes.”
t0“1-Methylcyclopropene (1-MCP)-Treated ‘Summer King’ and ‘Green Ball’ Apples”
Claim · model-written summary
1-MCP lowered α-L-arabinofuranosidase activity in both apple cultivars.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Material
- both cultivarse0
- Organ / stage
- fruite0
- Treatment
- 1-MCPt0
- Gene
- α-L-arabinofuranosidasee0
- Outcome
- enzymatic activitiese0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Comparator
- control fruite0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Similarly, the enzymatic activities (of polygalacturonase, pectin methylesterase, cellulase, β-galactosidase, and α-L-arabinofuranosidase) that cause cell wall degradation were relatively lower in the treated fruit than in the control fruit for both cultivars, which was further proved by transcriptional analysis of the genes encoding the enzymes.”
t0“1-Methylcyclopropene (1-MCP)-Treated ‘Summer King’ and ‘Green Ball’ Apples”
Claim · model-written summary
Transcriptional analysis supported the reduced activity of cell wall degrading enzymes in treated fruit.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Material
- both cultivarse0
- Organ / stage
- fruite0
- Treatment
- 1-MCPt0
- Gene
- genes encoding the enzymese0
- Outcome
- transcriptional analysis of the genes encoding the enzymese0
- Comparator
- control fruite0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Similarly, the enzymatic activities (of polygalacturonase, pectin methylesterase, cellulase, β-galactosidase, and α-L-arabinofuranosidase) that cause cell wall degradation were relatively lower in the treated fruit than in the control fruit for both cultivars, which was further proved by transcriptional analysis of the genes encoding the enzymes.”
t0“1-Methylcyclopropene (1-MCP)-Treated ‘Summer King’ and ‘Green Ball’ Apples”
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.