Abstract
Abstract Background Field pea production is sternly suffered due to infestation of stem-rot or white mould disease caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum worldwide. To manage this disease sustainably, six Trichoderma isolates were mass-produced on three low-cost substrates (rice, sorghum and wheat) and their novel powdered formulations were prepared to explore the bio-management of S. sclerotiorum under pot conditions. Results Maximum conidiation (sporulation) of Trichoderma isolates was recorded on rice than sorghum and wheat. Hence, rice was selected as a substrate for bioformulation development and evaluated against S. sclerotiorum on field peas. Inoculation of S. sclerotiorum caused severe damage to field pea plants with 81% stem-rot severity and a 29% reduction in yield. However, seed priming with Trichoderma harzianum AMUTH-1 and Trichoderma asperellum AMUTV-3 bioformulations resulted in a significant enhancement in the plant-growth parameters (18–23%), nodulation (18–20%) and field pea yield (41–47%), and correspondingly significant decline in stem-rot severity (75–78%) and soil population of S. sclerotiorum (52–63%). The effect of both bioformulations was comparable to the fungicide, Tagstin (carbendazim). Conclusion The obtained results evidenced a great potential to use the newly developed bioformulations of T. harzianum AMUTH-1 and T. asperellum AMUTV-3 against S. sclerotiorum . Seed dressings with these bioformulations may offer an effective alternative management option for field pea diseases, and could also be used as a component of integrated disease management. However, further studies on shelf-life, the effect of environmental conditions and multi-locational field trials are required before their use by the growers.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Seed priming with the two Trichoderma bioformulations increased plant-growth parameters by 18–23%
- Taxon
- field peat0
- Treatment
- seed priming with Trichoderma harzianum AMUTH-1 and Trichoderma asperellum AMUTV-3 bioformulationse0
- Interactor
- Trichoderma harzianum AMUTH-1
Trichoderma harzianume0biocontrol_agent - Second interactor
- Trichoderma asperellum AMUTV-3
Trichoderma asperellume0biocontrol_agent - Outcome
- plant-growth parameterse0
- Direction
- enhancemente0
- Value
- 18–23%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“seed priming with Trichoderma harzianum AMUTH-1 and Trichoderma asperellum AMUTV-3 bioformulations resulted in a significant enhancement in the plant-growth parameters (18–23%), nodulation (18–20%) and field pea yield (41–47%)”
t0“on field pea”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed priming with the two Trichoderma bioformulations increased nodulation by 18–20%
- Taxon
- field peat0
- Treatment
- seed priming with Trichoderma harzianum AMUTH-1 and Trichoderma asperellum AMUTV-3 bioformulationse0
- Interactor
- Trichoderma harzianum AMUTH-1Trichoderma harzianume0biocontrol_agent
- Second interactor
- Trichoderma asperellum AMUTV-3Trichoderma asperellume0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- nodulatione0
- Direction
- enhancemente0
- Value
- 18–20%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“seed priming with Trichoderma harzianum AMUTH-1 and Trichoderma asperellum AMUTV-3 bioformulations resulted in a significant enhancement in the plant-growth parameters (18–23%), nodulation (18–20%) and field pea yield (41–47%)”
t0“on field pea”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed priming with the two Trichoderma bioformulations increased field pea yield by 41–47%
- Taxon
- field peat0
- Treatment
- seed priming with Trichoderma harzianum AMUTH-1 and Trichoderma asperellum AMUTV-3 bioformulationse0
- Interactor
- Trichoderma harzianum AMUTH-1Trichoderma harzianume0biocontrol_agent
- Second interactor
- Trichoderma asperellum AMUTV-3Trichoderma asperellume0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- field pea yielde0
- Direction
- enhancemente0
- Value
- 41–47%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“seed priming with Trichoderma harzianum AMUTH-1 and Trichoderma asperellum AMUTV-3 bioformulations resulted in a significant enhancement in the plant-growth parameters (18–23%), nodulation (18–20%) and field pea yield (41–47%)”
t0“on field pea”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed priming with the two Trichoderma bioformulations decreased Sclerotinia stem-rot severity by 75–78%
- Taxon
- field peat0
- Treatment
- seed priming with Trichoderma harzianum AMUTH-1 and Trichoderma asperellum AMUTV-3 bioformulationse0
- Interactor
- S. sclerotiorum
Sclerotinia sclerotiorume1pathogen - Outcome
- stem-rot severitye1
- Direction
- declinee1
- Value
- 75–78%e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“seed priming with Trichoderma harzianum AMUTH-1 and Trichoderma asperellum AMUTV-3 bioformulations resulted in a significant enhancement in the plant-growth parameters (18–23%), nodulation (18–20%) and field pea yield (41–47%)”
e1“correspondingly significant decline in stem-rot severity (75–78%) and soil population of S. sclerotiorum (52–63%)”
t0“on field pea”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed priming with the two Trichoderma bioformulations decreased the soil population of S. sclerotiorum by 52–63%
- Taxon
- field peat0
- Treatment
- seed priming with Trichoderma harzianum AMUTH-1 and Trichoderma asperellum AMUTV-3 bioformulationse0
- Interactor
- S. sclerotiorumSclerotinia sclerotiorume1pathogen
- Outcome
- soil population of S. sclerotiorume1
- Direction
- declinee1
- Value
- 52–63%e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“seed priming with Trichoderma harzianum AMUTH-1 and Trichoderma asperellum AMUTV-3 bioformulations resulted in a significant enhancement in the plant-growth parameters (18–23%), nodulation (18–20%) and field pea yield (41–47%)”
e1“correspondingly significant decline in stem-rot severity (75–78%) and soil population of S. sclerotiorum (52–63%)”
t0“on field pea”
Claim · model-written summary
The effect of both bioformulations was comparable to the fungicide Tagstin (carbendazim)
Verbatim
e2“The effect of both bioformulations was comparable to the fungicide, Tagstin (carbendazim)”
t0“on field pea”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculation with S. sclerotiorum caused 81% stem-rot severity in field pea
- Taxon
- field peat0
- Interactor
- S. sclerotiorumSclerotinia sclerotiorume3pathogen
- Outcome
- stem-rot severitye3
- Value
- 81%e3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“Inoculation of S. sclerotiorum caused severe damage to field pea plants with 81% stem-rot severity and a 29% reduction in yield”
t0“on field pea”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculation with S. sclerotiorum reduced field pea yield by 29%
- Taxon
- field peat0
- Treatment
- Inoculation of S. sclerotiorume3
- Interactor
- S. sclerotiorumSclerotinia sclerotiorume3pathogen
- Outcome
- yielde3
- Direction
- reductione3
- Value
- 29%e3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“Inoculation of S. sclerotiorum caused severe damage to field pea plants with 81% stem-rot severity and a 29% reduction in yield”
t0“on field pea”
Claim · model-written summary
Trichoderma isolates sporulated more on rice than on sorghum and wheat
Verbatim
e4“Maximum conidiation (sporulation) of Trichoderma isolates was recorded on rice than sorghum and wheat”
t0“on field pea”
Claim · model-written summary
The Trichoderma bioformulations may be an effective alternative management option for field pea diseases
Verbatim
e5“Seed dressings with these bioformulations may offer an effective alternative management option for field pea diseases”
t0“on field pea”
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See all 5 papers →8 of 10 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.