Abstract
Effect of silicon dioxide nanoparticles (SiO2 NPs) and bismuth oxide nanoparticles (Bi2O3 NPs) were tested alone and with Rhizobium leguminosarum on the wilt disease complex of pea caused by Meloidogyne incognita and Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. pisi. Significant reductions in the plant growth, chlorophylls, carotenoid, and proline contents were observed when plants were inoculated with M. incognita, F. oxysporum f. sp. pisi or both together over un-inoculated control. The reductions in the above parameters were significantly greater in the dual pathogen inoculated pea plants. However, inoculation of R. leguminosarum increased the plant growth, chlorophylls, carotenoid and proline contents over plants without R. leguminosarum. Foliar spray of SiO2 NPs, or Bi2O3 NPs on R. leguminosarum inoculated pea plants resulted in a greater increase in the above parameters over treatments with either NPs. Luxuriant root nodulation was recorded in plants applied with R. leguminosarum. However, both pathogens, alone or together adversely affected the nodulation. Wilt disease indices, galling and M. incognita population were significantly reduced due to treatments with SiO2 NPs followed by R. leguminosearum and Bi2O3 NPs over control, and the highest effectiveness was recorded for foliar spray of SiO2 NPs plus R. leguminosearum.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
M. incognita inoculation significantly reduced pea growth and pigment and proline contents.
- Taxon
- pea
Lathyrus oleraceust0 - Treatment
- inoculated with M. incognitae0
- Interactor
- M. incognita
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Meloidogyne incognitae0pathogen - Outcome
- plant growth, chlorophylls, carotenoid, and proline contentse0
- Direction
- reductionse0
- Comparator
- un-inoculated controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_penetrates_a_tomato_root_-_USDA-ARS.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
t0“pea”
e0“Significant reductions in the plant growth, chlorophylls, carotenoid, and proline contents were observed when plants were inoculated with M. incognita, F. oxysporum f. sp. pisi or both together over un-inoculated control.”
Claim · model-written summary
F. oxysporum inoculation significantly reduced pea growth and pigment and proline contents.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceust0
- Treatment
- inoculated with M. incognita, F. oxysporum f. sp. pisi or both togethere0
- Interactor
- F. oxysporum f. sp. pisi
Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. pisie0pathogen - Outcome
- plant growth, chlorophylls, carotenoid, and proline contentse0
- Direction
- reductionse0
- Comparator
- un-inoculated controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“pea”
e0“Significant reductions in the plant growth, chlorophylls, carotenoid, and proline contents were observed when plants were inoculated with M. incognita, F. oxysporum f. sp. pisi or both together over un-inoculated control.”
Claim · model-written summary
Dual pathogen inoculation caused greater reductions in these pea parameters.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceust0
- Treatment
- dual pathogen inoculatede0
- Outcome
- above parameterse0
- Direction
- greatere0
Not reportedInteractorComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“pea”
e0“The reductions in the above parameters were significantly greater in the dual pathogen inoculated pea plants.”
Claim · model-written summary
Rhizobium inoculation increased pea growth, pigments and proline.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceust0
- Treatment
- inoculation of R. leguminosarume0
- Interactor
- R. leguminosarum
Rhizobium leguminosarume0symbiont - Outcome
- plant growth, chlorophylls, carotenoid and proline contentse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- plants without R. leguminosarume0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“pea”
e0“inoculation of R. leguminosarum increased the plant growth, chlorophylls, carotenoid and proline contents over plants without R. leguminosarum.”
Claim · model-written summary
SiO2 NPs with Rhizobium increased pea parameters more than NPs alone.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceuse0
- Treatment
- Foliar spray of SiO2 NPse0
- Interactor
- R. leguminosarumRhizobium leguminosarume0symbiont
- Outcome
- above parameterse0
- Direction
- greater increasee0
- Comparator
- treatments with either NPse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“pea”
e0“Foliar spray of SiO2 NPs, or Bi2O3 NPs on R. leguminosarum inoculated pea plants resulted in a greater increase in the above parameters over treatments with either NPs.”
Claim · model-written summary
Bi2O3 NPs with Rhizobium increased pea parameters more than NPs alone.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceuse0
- Treatment
- Bi2O3 NPse0
- Interactor
- R. leguminosarumRhizobium leguminosarume0symbiont
- Outcome
- above parameterse0
- Direction
- greater increasee0
- Comparator
- treatments with either NPse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Foliar spray of SiO2 NPs, or Bi2O3 NPs on R. leguminosarum inoculated pea plants resulted in a greater increase in the above parameters over treatments with either NPs.”
Claim · model-written summary
Rhizobium application produced luxuriant root nodulation.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceust0
- Treatment
- applied with R. leguminosarume0
- Interactor
- R. leguminosarumRhizobium leguminosarume0symbiont
- Outcome
- Luxuriant root nodulatione0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“pea”
e0“Luxuriant root nodulation was recorded in plants applied with R. leguminosarum.”
Claim · model-written summary
Pathogens adversely affected pea nodulation.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceust0
- Treatment
- both pathogens, alone or togethere0
- Outcome
- nodulatione0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“pea”
e0“both pathogens, alone or together adversely affected the nodulation.”
Claim · model-written summary
SiO2 NPs significantly reduced wilt, galling and nematode population, with the highest effectiveness when combined with Rhizobium.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceust0
- Treatment
- SiO2 NPse0
- Interactor
- M. incognitaMeloidogyne incognitae0pathogen
- Outcome
- Wilt disease indices, galling and M. incognita populatione0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“pea”
e0“Wilt disease indices, galling and M. incognita population were significantly reduced due to treatments with SiO2 NPs followed by R. leguminosearum and Bi2O3 NPs over control, and the highest effectiveness was recorded for foliar spray of SiO2 NPs plus R. leguminosearum.”
Claim · model-written summary
Bi2O3 NPs significantly reduced wilt, galling and nematode population.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceust0
- Treatment
- Bi2O3 NPse0
- Interactor
- M. incognitaMeloidogyne incognitae0pathogen
- Outcome
- Wilt disease indices, galling and M. incognita populatione0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“pea”
e0“Wilt disease indices, galling and M. incognita population were significantly reduced due to treatments with SiO2 NPs followed by R. leguminosearum and Bi2O3 NPs over control”
The same questions in other papers
Rhizobium leguminosarum · physiology: pigments · Lathyrus oleraceus (pea)Results differ
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- positive
- positive
Meloidogyne incognita · physiology: pigments · Lathyrus oleraceus (pea)Results agree
3 papers in the same direction as this paper
- negative
- negative
- negative
inoculation · physiology: pigments · Lathyrus oleraceus (pea)Positive and negative results
13 papers in the same direction as this paper · 4 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- negative
- negative
14 papers more in this group
See all 18 papers →nanoparticle · Meloidogyne incognita · Lathyrus oleraceus (pea)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.