Abstract
Chemical phosphorus (P) fertilizer is often overused in arid regions with alkaline soils due to soil fixation. Fulvic acid (FA) can increase soil P availability, enhancing crop yield and P use efficiency, but its interaction with P fertilization rates and potential to reduce P fertilizer application remains unclear. A 2-year (2019–2020) field experiment was conducted in Xinjiang, China, to study the impact of FA addition (45 kg ha−1) on cotton yield and P use efficiency under different P fertilization rates (0, 50, 100 and 150 kg P2O5 ha−1). Our results showed that P fertilization significantly enhanced cotton biomass, P uptake and seed cotton yields by 17–37%, but the partial nutrient balance (PNB), agronomic efficiency (AE) and partial factor productivity (PFP) decreased with increasing P fertilization rates. FA addition did not change cotton biomass and P uptake, but significantly enhanced seed cotton yield, AE and PFP by increasing bolls per plant. No significant interactions between FA addition and P fertilization rates were observed for cotton biomass, P uptake, seed cotton yield and P use efficiencies. These findings suggest that FA can improve cotton productivity, AE and PPF of P fertilizers, helping to keep the P balance in the cotton field.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
P fertilization significantly enhanced cotton biomass, P uptake and seed cotton yield by 17–37%.
- Taxon
- cotton
Gossypium hirsutume2 - Treatment
- P fertilizatione2
- Outcome
- cotton biomass, P uptake and seed cotton yieldse2
- Direction
- enhancede2
- Value
- 17–37%e2
- Setting
- Xinjiang, Chinae1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“A 2-year (2019–2020) field experiment was conducted in Xinjiang, China”
e2“P fertilization significantly enhanced cotton biomass, P uptake and seed cotton yields by 17–37%”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing P fertilization rates decreased partial nutrient balance, agronomic efficiency and partial factor productivity.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume2
- Treatment
- increasing P fertilization ratese3
- Outcome
- partial nutrient balance (PNB), agronomic efficiency (AE) and partial factor productivity (PFP)e3
- Direction
- decreasede3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“P fertilization significantly enhanced cotton biomass, P uptake and seed cotton yields by 17–37%”
e3“partial nutrient balance (PNB), agronomic efficiency (AE) and partial factor productivity (PFP) decreased with increasing P fertilization rates”
Claim · model-written summary
FA addition did not change cotton biomass or P uptake.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume4
- Treatment
- FA additione4
- Outcome
- cotton biomass and P uptakee4
- Direction
- did not changee4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“FA addition did not change cotton biomass and P uptake”
Claim · model-written summary
FA addition significantly enhanced seed cotton yield, agronomic efficiency and partial factor productivity by increasing bolls per plant.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume5
- Treatment
- FA additione5
- Outcome
- seed cotton yield, AE and PFPe5
- Direction
- significantly enhancede5
- Qualifier
- by increasing bolls per plante5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“FA addition did not change cotton biomass and P uptake, but significantly enhanced seed cotton yield, AE and PFP by increasing bolls per plant”
Claim · model-written summary
No significant interaction between FA addition and P fertilization rates was observed for cotton biomass, P uptake, seed yield or P use efficiency.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume6
- Treatment
- FA addition and P fertilization ratese6
- Outcome
- cotton biomass, P uptake, seed cotton yield and P use efficienciese6
- Direction
- No significant interactionse6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“No significant interactions between FA addition and P fertilization rates were observed for cotton biomass, P uptake, seed cotton yield and P use efficiencies”
Claim · model-written summary
Fulvic acid can help keep the P balance in the cotton field while improving productivity and P fertilizer efficiency.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume7
- Outcome
- keep the P balance in the cotton fielde7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“FA can improve cotton productivity, AE and PPF of P fertilizers, helping to keep the P balance in the cotton field”
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.