Abstract
In years with favorable moisture in the south of Western Siberia, the loss of springwheat grain yield from leaf-stem infections increases sharply to 30% or more. The use of fungicides in combination with foliar feeding allows not only to preserve the crop, but also to improve its quality indicators. The studies were conducted in 2018-2021. The soil of the experimental plot is chernozem-meadow, heavy loamy. Four-field grain-fallow crop rotation, predecessor – wheat after fallow. Two-factor field experiment, plot area 25 m2, four-fold repetition. The purpose of the work is to assess the biological effectiveness of tank mixtures of fungicides with urea and liquid complex fertilizer (LCF) on the yield and quality of spring wheat grain. The average infestation of crops by powdery mildew over 4 years is 21,8%, maximum in 2018 – 30,5, rust species in 2019 – 68, average – 52,4, in the dry year 2021 – 1.0%. The incidence of septoria is insignificant, with a maximum of 8,6% in 2019. Treatment of crops with complex fertilizer reduced the development of powdery mildew to 32, types of rust to 61,6, septoria to 28,8%, and to a lesser extent when working with urea. On average, the biological effectiveness of the variants with Abacus Ultra, a fungicide based on triazole and strobilurin, was higher and ranged from 52,5 to 99,8%, and the drug Title Trio based on triazoles was lower, from 45,7 to 97,3%. Tank mixtures of fungicides and fertilizers did not reduce their effectiveness against spring wheat diseases. Fertilizing with liquid complex fertilizer provided the most stable and significant increase in grain yield over the research period – 0,63, urea 10 kg/ha – 0,46, 15 kg/ha – 0,40 t/ha. The greatest increase – 1,21 t/ha – was provided by a tank mixture with Abacus Ultra + liquid and liquid fertilizers, and economic efficiency, respectively, was 23,8-37,5%. A fungicide containing strobilurin (pyraclostrobin) has been shown to be highly effective in increasing the quality parameters of wheat grain.
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Claims 19
Claim · model-written summary
The average infestation of wheat crops by powdery mildew over 4 years was 21.8%.
Verbatim
e0“The average infestation of crops by powdery mildew over 4 years is 21,8%”
t0“SPRING SOFT WHEAT”
Claim · model-written summary
Powdery mildew infestation was maximal in 2018 at 30.5.
Verbatim
e0“powdery mildew over 4 years is 21,8%, maximum in 2018 – 30,5”
t0“SPRING SOFT WHEAT”
Claim · model-written summary
Rust infestation in 2019 was 68.
Verbatim
e0“rust species in 2019 – 68”
t0“SPRING SOFT WHEAT”
Claim · model-written summary
The average rust infestation was 52.4.
Verbatim
e0“rust species in 2019 – 68, average – 52,4”
t0“SPRING SOFT WHEAT”
Claim · model-written summary
In the dry year 2021 the reported infestation value was 1.0%.
Verbatim
e0“in the dry year 2021 – 1.0%”
t0“SPRING SOFT WHEAT”
Claim · model-written summary
The incidence of septoria was insignificant, with a maximum of 8.6% in 2019.
SeptoriaOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The incidence of septoria is insignificant, with a maximum of 8,6% in 2019”
t0“SPRING SOFT WHEAT”
Claim · model-written summary
Treatment of crops with complex fertilizer reduced the development of powdery mildew to 32.
- Taxon
- SPRING SOFT WHEATt0
- Treatment
- complex fertilizere0
- Interactor
- powdery mildewe0pathogen
- Outcome
- development of powdery mildewe0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 32e0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Treatment of crops with complex fertilizer reduced the development of powdery mildew to 32”
t0“SPRING SOFT WHEAT”
Claim · model-written summary
Treatment with complex fertilizer reduced the development of rust to 61.6.
- Taxon
- SPRING SOFT WHEATt0
- Treatment
- complex fertilizere0
- Interactor
- ruste1pathogen
- Outcome
- ruste1
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 61,6e1
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Treatment of crops with complex fertilizer reduced”
e1“types of rust to 61,6”
t0“SPRING SOFT WHEAT”
Claim · model-written summary
Treatment with complex fertilizer reduced the development of septoria to 28.8%.
- Taxon
- SPRING SOFT WHEATt0
- Treatment
- complex fertilizere0
- Outcome
- septoriae1
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 28,8%e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Treatment of crops with complex fertilizer reduced”
e1“septoria to 28,8%”
t0“SPRING SOFT WHEAT”
Claim · model-written summary
Urea reduced disease development to a lesser extent than complex fertilizer.
Verbatim
e0“Treatment of crops with complex fertilizer reduced the development of powdery mildew to 32, types of rust to 61,6, septoria to 28,8%”
e1“to a lesser extent when working with urea”
t0“SPRING SOFT WHEAT”
Claim · model-written summary
The biological effectiveness of variants with Abacus Ultra (triazole plus strobilurin) was higher than with Title Trio, ranging from 52.5 to 99.8%.
Verbatim
e0“On average, the biological effectiveness of the variants with Abacus Ultra, a fungicide based on triazole and strobilurin, was higher and ranged from 52,5 to 99,8%”
e1“the drug Title Trio based on triazoles was lower”
t0“SPRING SOFT WHEAT”
Claim · model-written summary
The biological effectiveness of Title Trio (triazoles) was lower than Abacus Ultra, ranging from 45.7 to 97.3%.
Verbatim
e0“the biological effectiveness of the variants with Abacus Ultra”
e1“the drug Title Trio based on triazoles was lower, from 45,7 to 97,3%”
t0“SPRING SOFT WHEAT”
Claim · model-written summary
Tank mixtures of fungicides and fertilizers did not reduce the fungicides' effectiveness against spring wheat diseases.
- Taxon
- spring wheat
Triticum aestivume0 - Treatment
- Tank mixtures of fungicides and fertilizerse0
- Outcome
- effectiveness against spring wheat diseasese0
- Direction
- did not reducee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Tank mixtures of fungicides and fertilizers did not reduce their effectiveness against spring wheat diseases”
Claim · model-written summary
Fertilizing with liquid complex fertilizer gave a stable and significant grain yield increase of 0.63 t/ha.
- Taxon
- SPRING SOFT WHEATt0
- Treatment
- liquid complex fertilizere0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 0,63e0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Fertilizing with liquid complex fertilizer provided the most stable and significant increase in grain yield over the research period – 0,63”
t0“SPRING SOFT WHEAT”
Claim · model-written summary
Urea at 10 kg/ha increased grain yield by 0.46 t/ha.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“significant increase in grain yield over the research period”
e1“urea 10 kg/ha – 0,46”
t0“SPRING SOFT WHEAT”
Claim · model-written summary
Urea at 15 kg/ha increased grain yield by 0.40 t/ha.
- Taxon
- SPRING SOFT WHEATt0
- Treatment
- 15 kg/hae1
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 0,40 t/hae1
- Qualifier
- ureae1
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“significant increase in grain yield over the research period”
e1“urea 10 kg/ha – 0,46, 15 kg/ha – 0,40 t/ha”
t0“SPRING SOFT WHEAT”
Claim · model-written summary
The greatest increase, 1.21 t/ha, was provided by a tank mixture with Abacus Ultra and liquid fertilizers.
- Taxon
- SPRING SOFT WHEATt0
- Treatment
- tank mixture with Abacus Ultra + liquid and liquid fertilizerse0
- Outcome
- greatest increasee0
- Direction
- greatest increasee0
- Value
- 1,21 t/hae0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“The greatest increase – 1,21 t/ha – was provided by a tank mixture with Abacus Ultra + liquid and liquid fertilizers”
t0“SPRING SOFT WHEAT”
Claim · model-written summary
Economic efficiency of the treatments was 23.8-37.5%.
Verbatim
e0“economic efficiency, respectively, was 23,8-37,5%”
t0“SPRING SOFT WHEAT”
Claim · model-written summary
A strobilurin-containing fungicide (pyraclostrobin) was highly effective in increasing wheat grain quality parameters.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- fungicide containing strobilurin (pyraclostrobin)e0
- Outcome
- quality parameters of wheat graine0
- Direction
- increasinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A fungicide containing strobilurin (pyraclostrobin) has been shown to be highly effective in increasing the quality parameters of wheat grain”
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