Abstract
ABSTRACT Introduction In agroecosystems, phosphorus (P) applications over a long time have accumulated in soil as legacy P. This environmental challenge can be an agronomic opportunity as soil legacy P could be recovered in cropping systems using practices such as green manuring. We hypothesised that, at moderate soil available P levels, plant‐soil interactions under green manures can mobilise soil legacy P and promote cereal crop P uptake and growth. Methods Alongside a fallow treatment, three green manure treatments that included two legume treatments (narrow‐leaf lupin [ Lupinus angustifolius ], pea [ Pisum sativum L.]) and one cereal treatment (wheat [ Triticum aestivum ] and barley [ Hordeum vulgare ]) were rotated with the main crops of wheat and barley in two phases on a pumice soil (27 mg kg −1 Olsen P) in a microcosm experiment. Plant roots and shoots and end‐of‐experiment soil samples were collected for analysis. Results Over two crop rotations, inclusion of narrow‐leaf lupin and pea green manures significantly increased main crop biomass (27%–35%) and P uptake (15%–29%) relative to control, while the cereal green manure decreased the following crop's yield (−13%) and P uptake (−19%). Relative to fallow, microbial biomass P and soil organic P pools increased under all green manures yet total inorganic P decreased under leguminous green manures. This depletion (35 mg P kg −1 ) under narrow‐leaf lupin was equivalent to ~47 kg P ha −1 . Phosphatase enzyme activities relevant to P cycling increased particularly under leguminous green manure treatments. Conclusions Leguminous green manures such as narrow‐leaf lupin could mobilise soil P to crops in field conditions, suggesting that drawdown of soil legacy P while sustaining crop yield can be tenable.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Legume green manures increased main crop biomass by 27%–35%.
- Taxon
- wheat and barley
.jpg?width=60)
Hordeum vulgare
Triticum aestivume1 - Treatment
- narrow‐leaf lupin and pea green manurese0
- Outcome
- main crop biomasse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 27%–35%e0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“inclusion of narrow‐leaf lupin and pea green manures significantly increased main crop biomass (27%–35%) and P uptake (15%–29%) relative to control”
e1“main crops of wheat and barley”
Claim · model-written summary
Legume green manures increased main crop P uptake by 15%–29%.
- Taxon
- wheat and barleyHordeum vulgareTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- narrow‐leaf lupin and pea green manurese0
- Outcome
- P uptakee0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 15%–29%e0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“inclusion of narrow‐leaf lupin and pea green manures significantly increased main crop biomass (27%–35%) and P uptake (15%–29%) relative to control”
e1“main crops of wheat and barley”
Claim · model-written summary
Cereal green manure decreased subsequent crop yield by 13%.
- Taxon
- wheat and barleyHordeum vulgareTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- cereal green manuree0
- Outcome
- following crop's yielde0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Value
- −13%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the cereal green manure decreased the following crop's yield (−13%) and P uptake (−19%)”
e1“main crops of wheat and barley”
Claim · model-written summary
Cereal green manure decreased subsequent crop P uptake by 19%.
- Taxon
- wheat and barleyHordeum vulgareTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- cereal green manuree0
- Outcome
- P uptakee0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Value
- −19%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the cereal green manure decreased the following crop's yield (−13%) and P uptake (−19%)”
e1“main crops of wheat and barley”
Claim · model-written summary
Green manures increased microbial biomass P and soil organic P relative to fallow.
- Taxon
- wheat and barleyHordeum vulgareTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- all green manurese0
- Outcome
- microbial biomass P and soil organic P poolse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- fallowe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Relative to fallow, microbial biomass P and soil organic P pools increased under all green manures”
e1“main crops of wheat and barley”
Claim · model-written summary
Legume green manures decreased total inorganic P.
- Taxon
- wheat and barleyHordeum vulgareTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- leguminous green manurese0
- Outcome
- total inorganic Pe0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“total inorganic P decreased under leguminous green manures”
e1“main crops of wheat and barley”
Claim · model-written summary
Narrow leaf lupin depleted soil P by 35 mg P kg −1, equivalent to ~47 kg P ha −1.
- Taxon
- wheat and barleyHordeum vulgareTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- narrow‐leaf lupine0
- Outcome
- depletione0
- Direction
- depletione0
- Value
- 35 mg P kg −1e0
- Qualifier
- ~47 kg P ha −1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This depletion (35 mg P kg −1 ) under narrow‐leaf lupin was equivalent to ~47 kg P ha −1”
e1“main crops of wheat and barley”
Claim · model-written summary
Phosphatase activities increased particularly under legume green manures.
- Taxon
- wheat and barleyHordeum vulgareTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- leguminous green manure treatmentse0
- Outcome
- Phosphatase enzyme activitiese0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Phosphatase enzyme activities relevant to P cycling increased particularly under leguminous green manure treatments”
e1“main crops of wheat and barley”
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