Abstract
The myo-inositol-1-phosphate synthase (MIPS) catalyses the biosynthesis of myo-inositol, an important sugar that regulates various physiological and biochemical processes in plants. Here, we provide evidence that host (SlMIPS1) and pathogen (Rs_MIPS) myo-inositol-1-phosphate synthase (MIPS) genes are required for successful infection of Rhizoctonia solani, a devastating necrotrophic fungal pathogen, in tomato. Silencing of either SlMIPS1 or Rs_MIPS prevented disease, whereas an exogenous spray of myo-inositol enhanced disease severity. SlMIPS1 was upregulated upon R. solani infection, and potentially promoted source-to-sink transition, induced SWEET gene expression, and facilitated sugar availability in the infected tissues. In addition, salicylic acid (SA)-jasmonic acid homeostasis was altered and SA-mediated defence was suppressed; therefore, disease was promoted. On the other hand, silencing of SlMIPS1 limited sugar availability and induced SA-mediated defence to prevent R. solani infection. Virus-induced gene silencing of NPR1, a key gene in SA signalling, rendered SlMIPS1-silenced tomato lines susceptible to infection. These analyses suggest that induction of SA-mediated defence imparts disease tolerance in SlMIPS1-silenced tomato lines. In addition, we present evidence that SlMIPS1 and SA negatively regulate each other to modulate the defence response. SA treatment reduced SlMIPS1 expression and myo-inositol content in tomato, whereas myo-inositol treatment prevented SA-mediated defence. We emphasize that downregulation of host/pathogen MIPS can be an important strategy for controlling diseases caused by R. solani in agriculturally important crops.
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Claims 17
Claim · model-written summary
Silencing of SlMIPS1 or Rs_MIPS prevented Rhizoctonia solani disease in tomato.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicumt0 - Treatment
- Silencing of either SlMIPS1 or Rs_MIPSe1
- Interactor
- Rhizoctonia solani
Rhizoctonia solanie2pathogen - Outcome
- diseasee1
- Direction
- preventede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“infection in tomato”
e1“Silencing of either SlMIPS1 or Rs_MIPS prevented disease, whereas an exogenous spray of myo-inositol enhanced disease severity”
e2“host (SlMIPS1) and pathogen (Rs_MIPS) myo-inositol-1-phosphate synthase (MIPS) genes are required for successful infection of Rhizoctonia solani”
Claim · model-written summary
An exogenous spray of myo-inositol enhanced Rhizoctonia solani disease severity in tomato.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- an exogenous spray of myo-inositole1
- Interactor
- Rhizoctonia solaniRhizoctonia solanie2pathogen
- Outcome
- disease severitye1
- Direction
- enhancede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“infection in tomato”
e1“Silencing of either SlMIPS1 or Rs_MIPS prevented disease, whereas an exogenous spray of myo-inositol enhanced disease severity”
e2“host (SlMIPS1) and pathogen (Rs_MIPS) myo-inositol-1-phosphate synthase (MIPS) genes are required for successful infection of Rhizoctonia solani”
Claim · model-written summary
SlMIPS1 was upregulated in tomato upon Rhizoctonia solani infection.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Interactor
- R. solaniRhizoctonia solanie2pathogen
- Gene
- SlMIPS1e2
- Outcome
- SlMIPS1e2
- Direction
- upregulatede2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“infection in tomato”
e2“SlMIPS1 was upregulated upon R. solani infection, and potentially promoted source-to-sink transition, induced SWEET gene expression, and facilitated sugar availability in the infected tissues”
Claim · model-written summary
SlMIPS1 potentially promoted source-to-sink transition, SWEET gene expression and sugar availability in tomato.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Gene
- SlMIPS1e2
- Outcome
- source-to-sink transition, induced SWEET gene expression, and facilitated sugar availabilitye2
- Qualifier
- potentiallye2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“infection in tomato”
e2“SlMIPS1 was upregulated upon R. solani infection, and potentially promoted source-to-sink transition, induced SWEET gene expression, and facilitated sugar availability in the infected tissues”
Claim · model-written summary
Silencing of SlMIPS1 limited sugar availability in tomato.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- silencing of SlMIPS1e4
- Outcome
- sugar availabilitye4
- Direction
- limitede4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“infection in tomato”
e4“silencing of SlMIPS1 limited sugar availability and induced SA-mediated defence to prevent R. solani infection”
Claim · model-written summary
Silencing of SlMIPS1 induced SA-mediated defence in tomato.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- silencing of SlMIPS1e4
- Outcome
- SA-mediated defencee4
- Direction
- inducede4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“infection in tomato”
e4“silencing of SlMIPS1 limited sugar availability and induced SA-mediated defence to prevent R. solani infection”
Claim · model-written summary
Virus-induced silencing of NPR1 rendered SlMIPS1-silenced tomato lines susceptible to infection.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume5
- Material
- SlMIPS1-silenced tomato linese5
- Treatment
- Virus-induced gene silencing of NPR1e5
- Gene
- NPR1e5
- Outcome
- susceptible to infectione5
- Direction
- renderede5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“Virus-induced gene silencing of NPR1, a key gene in SA signalling, rendered SlMIPS1-silenced tomato lines susceptible to infection”
Claim · model-written summary
SA treatment reduced SlMIPS1 expression and myo-inositol content in tomato.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume3
- Treatment
- SA treatmente3
- Outcome
- SlMIPS1 expression and myo-inositol contente3
- Direction
- reducede3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“SA treatment reduced SlMIPS1 expression and myo-inositol content in tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Myo-inositol treatment prevented SA-mediated defence in tomato.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- myo-inositol treatmente6
- Outcome
- SA-mediated defencee6
- Direction
- preventede6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“infection in tomato”
e6“myo-inositol treatment prevented SA-mediated defence”
Claim · model-written summary
Salicylic acid-jasmonic acid homeostasis was altered in tomato.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Compound
- salicylic acid (SA)e7
- Outcome
- salicylic acid (SA)-jasmonic acid homeostasise7
- Direction
- alterede7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“infection in tomato”
e7“In addition, salicylic acid (SA)-jasmonic acid homeostasis was altered and SA-mediated defence was suppressed; therefore, disease was promoted”
Claim · model-written summary
SA-mediated defence was suppressed in tomato, with the altered homeostasis.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Compound
- salicylic acid (SA)e7
- Outcome
- SA-mediated defencee7
- Direction
- suppressede7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“infection in tomato”
e7“In addition, salicylic acid (SA)-jasmonic acid homeostasis was altered and SA-mediated defence was suppressed; therefore, disease was promoted”
Claim · model-written summary
Disease was promoted in tomato with suppressed SA-mediated defence.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Outcome
- diseasee7
- Direction
- promotede7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“infection in tomato”
e7“In addition, salicylic acid (SA)-jasmonic acid homeostasis was altered and SA-mediated defence was suppressed; therefore, disease was promoted”
Claim · model-written summary
SlMIPS1 and SA negatively regulate each other to modulate the defence response in tomato.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Gene
- SlMIPS1e1
- Compound
- SAe1
- Outcome
- defence responsee1
- Qualifier
- negatively regulate each othere1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“infection in tomato”
e1“SlMIPS1 and SA negatively regulate each other to modulate the defence response”
Claim · model-written summary
Host SlMIPS1 gene is required for successful Rhizoctonia solani infection of tomato.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Interactor
- Rhizoctonia solaniRhizoctonia solanie2pathogen
- Gene
- SlMIPS1e2
- Outcome
- successful infectione2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“infection in tomato”
e2“host (SlMIPS1) and pathogen (Rs_MIPS) myo-inositol-1-phosphate synthase (MIPS) genes are required for successful infection of Rhizoctonia solani”
Claim · model-written summary
Pathogen Rs_MIPS gene is required for successful Rhizoctonia solani infection of tomato.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Interactor
- Rhizoctonia solaniRhizoctonia solanie2pathogen
- Gene
- Rs_MIPSe2
- Outcome
- successful infectione2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“infection in tomato”
e2“host (SlMIPS1) and pathogen (Rs_MIPS) myo-inositol-1-phosphate synthase (MIPS) genes are required for successful infection of Rhizoctonia solani”
Claim · model-written summary
Induction of SA-mediated defence imparts disease tolerance in SlMIPS1-silenced tomato lines.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Outcome
- disease tolerancee1
- Qualifier
- induction of SA-mediated defencee1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“These analyses suggest that induction of SA-mediated defence imparts disease tolerance in SlMIPS1-silenced tomato lines”
Claim · model-written summary
Downregulation of host or pathogen MIPS can be an important strategy for controlling diseases caused by R. solani in agriculturally important crops.
- Taxon
- agriculturally important cropse1
- Interactor
- R. solaniRhizoctonia solanie1pathogen
- Outcome
- controlling diseases caused by R. solanie1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“We emphasize that downregulation of host/pathogen MIPS can be an important strategy for controlling diseases caused by R. solani in agriculturally important crops”
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