Abstract
Salinity is a pernicious abiotic element that hinders crop development. Utilizing organic amendments to remediate salt is crucial for enhancing soil function and promoting crop growth. Based on this, a pot experiment was carried out at the research field of Khulna Agricultural University, Khulna, to examine the physiology, growth, and yield of transplanted aman rice in response to salinity stress using duckweed, and dhaincha biomass supplement. Excess salinity with no organic amendments reduced plant growth and development, relative water content (26%), and membrane stability (28%), index compared to T1 S1 (duckweed), and T2 S1 (dhaincha) at 50 mM salinity. Salinity delayed the emergence of first flowering and the maturity of filled grains. The lowest grain yield was recorded in T0S3 (no treatment + 100 mM salinity). Application of dhaincha and duckweed biomass ameliorates salinity individually at all salinity levels. Rice grown in saline soil with the application of T1 (duckweed biomass) and T2 (Sesbania biomass) had an 87% spikelet fertility while rice grown in soil without T1 and T2 treatment had only 21.82%. The application of T2 and T1 @ 5 t ha-1 increased grain yield by 33.29% and 4.70% compared to control. Furthermore, salinity stress @100 mM NaCl with duckweed decreased grain yield by 0.05% which was minimized to 12% by applying dhaincha green manure (T2) @ 5 t ha1. The finding showed that the ameliorative impact of green manure at 5 tha1 dose (T2) was more effective compared to the duckweed (T1) at the three salinity levels used in the study.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Excess salinity without organic amendments reduced relative water content in rice, to 26%, compared with duckweed and dhaincha treatments at 50 mM salinity.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativat0 - Treatment
- Excess salinity with no organic amendmentse0
- Outcome
- relative water contente0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 26%e0
- Qualifier
- at 50 mM salinitye0
- Comparator
- T1 S1 (duckweed)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Mitigation of salinity stress on morpho-physiological and yield related parameters of rice using different organic amendments”
e0“Excess salinity with no organic amendments reduced plant growth and development, relative water content (26%), and membrane stability (28%), index compared to T1 S1 (duckweed), and T2 S1 (dhaincha) at 50 mM salinity”
Claim · model-written summary
Excess salinity without organic amendments reduced membrane stability in rice, by 28%, compared with duckweed and dhaincha treatments at 50 mM salinity.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Excess salinity with no organic amendmentse0
- Outcome
- membrane stabilitye0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 28%e0
- Qualifier
- at 50 mM salinitye0
- Comparator
- T1 S1 (duckweed)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Mitigation of salinity stress on morpho-physiological and yield related parameters of rice using different organic amendments”
e0“Excess salinity with no organic amendments reduced plant growth and development, relative water content (26%), and membrane stability (28%), index compared to T1 S1 (duckweed), and T2 S1 (dhaincha) at 50 mM salinity”
Claim · model-written summary
Salinity delayed the emergence of first flowering and the maturity of filled grains in rice.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Salinitye1
- Outcome
- emergence of first flowering and the maturity of filled grainse1
- Direction
- delayede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Mitigation of salinity stress on morpho-physiological and yield related parameters of rice using different organic amendments”
e1“Salinity delayed the emergence of first flowering and the maturity of filled grains”
Claim · model-written summary
The lowest rice grain yield was recorded with no treatment at 100 mM salinity.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- no treatment + 100 mM salinitye2
- Outcome
- grain yielde2
- Direction
- loweste2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Mitigation of salinity stress on morpho-physiological and yield related parameters of rice using different organic amendments”
e2“The lowest grain yield was recorded in T0S3 (no treatment + 100 mM salinity)”
Claim · model-written summary
Dhaincha and duckweed biomass application ameliorated salinity individually at all salinity levels.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Application of dhaincha and duckweed biomasse3
- Outcome
- salinitye3
- Direction
- amelioratese3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Mitigation of salinity stress on morpho-physiological and yield related parameters of rice using different organic amendments”
e3“Application of dhaincha and duckweed biomass ameliorates salinity individually at all salinity levels”
Claim · model-written summary
Rice grown in saline soil with T1 and T2 biomass had 87% spikelet fertility, higher than rice without these treatments.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- application of T1 (duckweed biomass) and T2 (Sesbania biomass)e4
- Outcome
- spikelet fertilitye4
- Direction
- higherinferrede4
- Value
- 87%e4
- Qualifier
- 21.82%e4
- Comparator
- soil without T1 and T2 treatmente4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Mitigation of salinity stress on morpho-physiological and yield related parameters of rice using different organic amendments”
e4“Rice grown in saline soil with the application of T1 (duckweed biomass) and T2 (Sesbania biomass) had an 87% spikelet fertility while rice grown in soil without T1 and T2 treatment had only 21.82%”
Claim · model-written summary
Application of T2 and T1 at 5 t ha-1 increased rice grain yield by 33.29% compared with control.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- application of T2 and T1 @ 5 t ha-1e5
- Outcome
- grain yielde5
- Direction
- increasede5
- Value
- 33.29%e5
- Comparator
- controle5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Mitigation of salinity stress on morpho-physiological and yield related parameters of rice using different organic amendments”
e5“The application of T2 and T1 @ 5 t ha-1 increased grain yield by 33.29% and 4.70% compared to control”
Claim · model-written summary
Application of T2 and T1 at 5 t ha-1 increased rice grain yield by 4.70% compared with control.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- application of T2 and T1 @ 5 t ha-1e5
- Outcome
- grain yielde5
- Direction
- increasede5
- Value
- 4.70%e5
- Comparator
- controle5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Mitigation of salinity stress on morpho-physiological and yield related parameters of rice using different organic amendments”
e5“The application of T2 and T1 @ 5 t ha-1 increased grain yield by 33.29% and 4.70% compared to control”
Claim · model-written summary
Salinity stress at 100 mM NaCl with duckweed decreased rice grain yield by 0.05%.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- salinity stress @100 mM NaCl with duckweede6
- Outcome
- grain yielde6
- Direction
- decreasede6
- Value
- 0.05%e6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Mitigation of salinity stress on morpho-physiological and yield related parameters of rice using different organic amendments”
e6“Furthermore, salinity stress @100 mM NaCl with duckweed decreased grain yield by 0.05% which was minimized to 12% by applying dhaincha green manure (T2) @ 5 t ha1”
Claim · model-written summary
Dhaincha green manure at 5 t ha-1 limited the salinity-related grain yield reduction to 12%.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- dhaincha green manure (T2) @ 5 t ha1e6
- Outcome
- grain yielde6
- Direction
- minimizede6
- Value
- 12%e6
- Comparator
- salinity stress @100 mM NaCl with duckweede6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Mitigation of salinity stress on morpho-physiological and yield related parameters of rice using different organic amendments”
e6“Furthermore, salinity stress @100 mM NaCl with duckweed decreased grain yield by 0.05% which was minimized to 12% by applying dhaincha green manure (T2) @ 5 t ha1”
Claim · model-written summary
Green manure at 5 t ha-1 (T2) was more effective than duckweed (T1) at ameliorating salinity at all three salinity levels.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- green manure at 5 tha1 dose (T2)e7
- Outcome
- ameliorative impacte7
- Direction
- more effectivee7
- Qualifier
- at the three salinity levels used in the studye7
- Comparator
- duckweed (T1)e7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Mitigation of salinity stress on morpho-physiological and yield related parameters of rice using different organic amendments”
e7“The finding showed that the ameliorative impact of green manure at 5 tha1 dose (T2) was more effective compared to the duckweed (T1) at the three salinity levels used in the study”
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