Abstract
Barley is the third most important cereal crop in terms of production in Canada, and Fusarium head blight (FHB) is one of the main fungal diseases of barley. FHB is caused by a species complex of Fusaria, of which Fusarium graminearum Schwabe is the main causal species of FHB epidemics in Canada. Field surveys show that two or more Fusarium species often co-exist within the same field or grain sample, and F. poae is reported as another important species in barley. This study aimed to determine the pathogenicity of F. graminearum, F. poae, and a co-inoculation of both species causing FHB in barley. Two susceptible barley cultivars were spray-inoculated at 10 to 14 days after heading. Phenotypic disease severity was rated on a scale of 0–9 at 4, 7, 14, 21, and 28 days after inoculation. There was a significant difference in FHB severity between F. graminearum and F. poae, where infection with F. graminearum produced more severe disease ratings. F. poae generated lower disease ratings and was not statistically different from the control. When heads were co-inoculated with both Fusarium species, the resulting FHB severity was unchanged relative to heads inoculated with F. graminearum only. The ratio of F. graminearum to F. poae genomic DNA was also no different than when heads were inoculated with F. graminearum alone, as quantified with ddPCR using markers specific to each species. The metabolomic analysis of sample extracts showed that F. graminearum-associated metabolites dominated the mycotoxin profile of co-inoculated samples, which corroborated our other findings where F. graminearum appeared to outcompete F. poae in barley. No significant effect on visual FHB disease ratings or fungal DNA detection was observed between the cultivars tested. However, there were some metabolome differences between cultivars in response to the challenge by both F. graminearum and F. poae.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
F. graminearum caused more severe FHB ratings than F. poae.
- Taxon
- Barley
.jpg?width=60)
Hordeum vulgaret0 - Treatment
- infection with F. graminearume0
- Interactor
- F. graminearum
_on_Corn_(Zea_mays)_at_Waimea%2C_Hawaii.jpg?width=60)
Fusarium graminearume0pathogen - Outcome
- FHB severitye0
- Direction
- more severee0
- Comparator
- F. poaee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
_on_Corn_(Zea_mays)_at_Waimea%2C_Hawaii.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
t0“Barley”
e0“There was a significant difference in FHB severity between F. graminearum and F. poae, where infection with F. graminearum produced more severe disease ratings”
Claim · model-written summary
F. poae disease ratings were lower and did not differ significantly from the control.
- Taxon
- BarleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- F. poaee0
- Interactor
- F. poae
Fusarium poaee0pathogen - Outcome
- disease ratingse0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Comparator
- the controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Barley”
e0“F. poae generated lower disease ratings and was not statistically different from the control”
Claim · model-written summary
Co-inoculated heads had unchanged FHB severity compared with F. graminearum alone.
- Taxon
- BarleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- co-inoculated with both Fusarium speciese0
- Interactor
- F. graminearumFusarium graminearume0pathogen
- Outcome
- FHB severitye0
- Direction
- unchangede0
- Comparator
- heads inoculated with F. graminearum onlye0
FusariumOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Barley”
e0“When heads were co-inoculated with both Fusarium species, the resulting FHB severity was unchanged relative to heads inoculated with F. graminearum only”
Claim · model-written summary
The F. graminearum to F. poae DNA ratio did not differ from F. graminearum-only heads.
- Taxon
- BarleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- F. graminearum to F. poaee0
- Interactor
- F. graminearumFusarium graminearume0pathogen
- Second interactor
- F. poaeFusarium poaee0pathogen
- Outcome
- ratio of F. graminearum to F. poae genomic DNAe0
- Direction
- no differente0
- Comparator
- heads were inoculated with F. graminearum alonee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Barley”
e0“The ratio of F. graminearum to F. poae genomic DNA was also no different than when heads were inoculated with F. graminearum alone”
Claim · model-written summary
F. graminearum-associated metabolites dominated the mycotoxin profile of co-inoculated samples.
- Taxon
- BarleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Interactor
- F. graminearumFusarium graminearume0pathogen
- Outcome
- F. graminearum-associated metabolites dominated the mycotoxin profilee0
- Qualifier
- co-inoculated samplese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Barley”
e0“F. graminearum-associated metabolites dominated the mycotoxin profile of co-inoculated samples”
Claim · model-written summary
F. graminearum appeared to outcompete F. poae in barley.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaree0
- Interactor
- F. graminearumFusarium graminearume0pathogen
- Second interactor
- F. poaeFusarium poaee0pathogen
- Outcome
- F. graminearum appeared to outcompete F. poaee0
- Direction
- outcompetee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“F. graminearum appeared to outcompete F. poae in barley”
Claim · model-written summary
Visual FHB disease ratings did not differ significantly between the cultivars.
- Taxon
- BarleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Material
- cultivars testede0
- Outcome
- visual FHB disease ratingse0
- Direction
- No significant effecte0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Barley”
e0“No significant effect on visual FHB disease ratings or fungal DNA detection was observed between the cultivars tested”
Claim · model-written summary
Fungal DNA detection did not differ significantly between the cultivars.
- Taxon
- BarleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Material
- cultivars testede0
- Outcome
- fungal DNA detectione0
- Direction
- No significant effecte0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Barley”
e0“No significant effect on visual FHB disease ratings or fungal DNA detection was observed between the cultivars tested”
Claim · model-written summary
Cultivars differed in metabolome response to challenge by both Fusarium species.
- Taxon
- BarleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Material
- cultivarse0
- Interactor
- F. graminearumFusarium graminearume0pathogen
- Second interactor
- F. poaeFusarium poaee0pathogen
- Outcome
- metabolome differencese0
- Direction
- differencese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Barley”
e0“there were some metabolome differences between cultivars in response to the challenge by both F. graminearum and F. poae”
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See all 47 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.