Abstract
The development and quality of tea plants ( Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Ktze.) are greatly hampered by drought stress (DS), which affects them in a number of ways, including by interfering with their metabolism of nitrogen (N). Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are known to enhance water and nutrient absorption in plants, but their specific effects on tea plant N metabolism under DS and the associated regulatory mechanisms remain unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of Claroideoglomus etunicatum inoculation on N assimilation in tea plants ( C. sinensis cv. Fuding Dabaicha) under well-watered (WW) and DS conditions, and to explore potential molecular mechanisms. After 8 weeks of DS treatment, root mycorrhizal colonization was significantly inhibited, and the biomass of tea shoots and roots, as well as the contents of various amino acids (AAs) were reduced. However, AMF inoculation significantly increased the contents of tea polyphenols and catechins in leaves by 13.74%-36.90% under both WW and DS conditions. Additionally, mycorrhizal colonization notably increased N content by 12.65%-35.70%, various AAs by 11.88%-325.42%, and enzymatic activities associated with N metabolism by 3.80%-147.62% in both leaves and roots. Gene expression analysis revealed a universal upregulation of N assimilation-related genes ( CsAMT1;2 , CsAMT3;1 , CsGS1 , CsNADH-GOGAT , CsTS2 , CsGGT1 , and CsADC ) in AMF-colonized tea roots, regardless of water status. Under DS condition, AMF inoculation significantly upregulated the expressions of CsNRT1;2 , CsNRT1;5 , CsNRT2;5 , CsNR , CsGS1 , CsGDH1 , CsGDH2 , CsTS2 , CsGGT1 , CsGGT3 , and CsSAMDC in tea leaves. These findings suggest that AMF improved tea plant adaptability to DS by enhancing N absorption and assimilation, accompanied by the synthesis and accumulation of various AAs, such as Glu, Gln, Asp, Lys, Arg, GABA and Pro. This is achieved through the upregulation of N metabolism-related genes and the activation of related enzymes in tea plants under DS condition. These findings provide valuable insights into the role of AMF in regulating tea plant N metabolism and enhancing stress tolerance.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Drought significantly inhibited root mycorrhizal colonization after eight weeks.
- Taxon
- tea plantst0
- Treatment
- DS treatmente0
- Interactor
- Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungit0symbiont
- Outcome
- root mycorrhizal colonizatione0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“After 8 weeks of DS treatment, root mycorrhizal colonization was significantly inhibited”
t0“Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi enhance nitrogen assimilation and drought adaptability in tea plants by promoting amino acid accumulation”
Claim · model-written summary
Drought reduced tea shoot and root biomass after eight weeks.
- Taxon
- tea plantst0
- Treatment
- DS treatmente0
- Outcome
- the biomass of tea shoots and rootse0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“After 8 weeks of DS treatment, root mycorrhizal colonization was significantly inhibited, and the biomass of tea shoots and roots, as well as the contents of various amino acids (AAs) were reduced”
t0“Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi enhance nitrogen assimilation and drought adaptability in tea plants by promoting amino acid accumulation”
Claim · model-written summary
Drought reduced amino acid contents after eight weeks.
- Taxon
- tea plantst0
- Treatment
- DS treatmente1
- Outcome
- the contents of various amino acids (AAs)e0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“the contents of various amino acids (AAs) were reduced”
e1“After 8 weeks of DS treatment”
t0“tea plants”
Claim · model-written summary
AMF inoculation increased leaf tea polyphenols and catechins by 13.74%-36.90% under both water conditions.
- Taxon
- tea plantst0
- Organ / stage
- leavese0
- Treatment
- AMF inoculatione0
- Interactor
- Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF)e1symbiont
- Outcome
- the contents of tea polyphenols and catechinse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 13.74%-36.90%e0
- Qualifier
- under both WW and DS conditionse0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“AMF inoculation significantly increased the contents of tea polyphenols and catechins in leaves by 13.74%-36.90% under both WW and DS conditions”
t0“tea plants”
e1“Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF)”
Claim · model-written summary
Mycorrhizal colonization increased leaf and root nitrogen content by 12.65%-35.70%.
- Taxon
- tea plantst0
- Organ / stage
- leaves and rootse0
- Treatment
- mycorrhizal colonizatione0
- Interactor
- Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF)e1symbiont
- Outcome
- N contente0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 12.65%-35.70%e0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“mycorrhizal colonization notably increased N content by 12.65%-35.70%, various AAs by 11.88%-325.42%, and enzymatic activities associated with N metabolism by 3.80%-147.62% in both leaves and roots”
t0“tea plants”
e1“Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF)”
Claim · model-written summary
Mycorrhizal colonization increased amino acids in leaves and roots by 11.88%-325.42%.
- Taxon
- tea plantst0
- Organ / stage
- leaves and rootse0
- Treatment
- mycorrhizal colonizatione0
- Interactor
- Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF)e1symbiont
- Outcome
- various AAse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 11.88%-325.42%e0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“mycorrhizal colonization notably increased N content by 12.65%-35.70%, various AAs by 11.88%-325.42%, and enzymatic activities associated with N metabolism by 3.80%-147.62% in both leaves and roots”
t0“tea plants”
e1“Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF)”
Claim · model-written summary
Mycorrhizal colonization increased nitrogen metabolism enzyme activities in leaves and roots by 3.80%-147.62%.
- Taxon
- tea plantst0
- Organ / stage
- leaves and rootse0
- Treatment
- mycorrhizal colonizatione0
- Interactor
- Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF)e1symbiont
- Outcome
- enzymatic activities associated with N metabolisme0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 3.80%-147.62%e0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“mycorrhizal colonization notably increased N content by 12.65%-35.70%, various AAs by 11.88%-325.42%, and enzymatic activities associated with N metabolism by 3.80%-147.62% in both leaves and roots”
t0“tea plants”
e1“Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF)”
Claim · model-written summary
AMF colonization upregulated seven nitrogen assimilation genes in tea roots regardless of water status.
- Taxon
- teae0
- Organ / stage
- rootse0
- Treatment
- AMF-colonizede0
- Interactor
- Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF)e1symbiont
- Outcome
- N assimilation-related genese0
- Direction
- upregulatione0
- Qualifier
- regardless of water statuse0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“universal upregulation of N assimilation-related genes ( CsAMT1;2 , CsAMT3;1 , CsGS1 , CsNADH-GOGAT , CsTS2 , CsGGT1 , and CsADC ) in AMF-colonized tea roots, regardless of water status”
e1“Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF)”
Claim · model-written summary
Under drought, AMF upregulated eleven listed nitrogen metabolism genes in tea leaves.
- Taxon
- teae0
- Organ / stage
- leavese0
- Treatment
- AMF inoculatione0
- Interactor
- Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF)e1symbiont
- Outcome
- the expressions of CsNRT1;2 , CsNRT1;5 , CsNRT2;5 , CsNR , CsGS1 , CsGDH1 , CsGDH2 , CsTS2 , CsGGT1 , CsGGT3 , and CsSAMDCe0
- Direction
- upregulatede0
- Qualifier
- Under DS conditione0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Under DS condition, AMF inoculation significantly upregulated the expressions of CsNRT1;2 , CsNRT1;5 , CsNRT2;5 , CsNR , CsGS1 , CsGDH1 , CsGDH2 , CsTS2 , CsGGT1 , CsGGT3 , and CsSAMDC in tea leaves”
e1“Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF)”
Claim · model-written summary
Authors infer that AMF improved drought adaptability through nitrogen uptake and assimilation and amino acid accumulation.
Verbatim
e0“AMF improved tea plant adaptability to DS by enhancing N absorption and assimilation, accompanied by the synthesis and accumulation of various AAs, such as Glu, Gln, Asp, Lys, Arg, GABA and Pro”
e1“Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF)”
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