Abstract
The productivity of maize, an essential staple food crop in Africa, is severely constrained by the declining fertility of the soil. The combined use of organic and inorganic fertilizers could ameliorate this challenge in a sustainable way to boost maize productivity. Two field trials were conducted at Ashanti -Mampong and Damongo, in the transitional and Guinea Savannah agroecologies of Ghana respectively, to assess the influence of sole and integrated application of chicken manure and NPK fertilizer on the growth and yield of maize. The treatments included two maize varieties; Abontem and Obatanpa, and five fertilizer rates; 3 t/ha chicken manure (CM), NPK (65:38:38 kg ha−1 NPK), ½ CM + ½ NPK and ¾ CM + ¼ NPK and control (no fertilizer). A 2 x 5 factorial randomized complete block design with three replications was used. Significant variations (p < 0.05) were revealed between varieties, fertilizer types and their interaction effects for phenological, growth and yield of maize in both locations. The superiority of the integrated application of NPK and chicken manure was also visible in the vegetative parameters such as plant height, number of leaves and shoot dry weight of the maize plants given them the comparative advantage to assimilate more photosynthates for partitioning to the ears and grains. Obatanpa treated with ½ CM + ½ NPK produced the highest yield of 4661.1 kg ha−1, which was 29.6 and 29.9 % higher than the same variety grown on sole NPK and sole chicken manure, respectively at Damongo. Abontem treated with ¾ CM + ¼ NPK recorded a grain yield of 4479.3 kg ha−1, 11.7 % higher than the sole NPK and 10.3 % higher than the sole CM at Damongo. Similarly, Obatanpa grown on the ½ CM + ½ NPK recorded the highest grain yield of 4349.3 kg ha−1at Mampong followed by Abontem treated with the sole NPK (4267.1 kg ha−1). Sole NPK and the combined application of NPK and chicken manure gave comparable responses for vegetative traits while the integrated application proved superior for grain yield of maize across the two agroecologies.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Variety, fertilizer and their interaction significantly varied maize phenology, growth and yield at both locations.
- Material
- varietiese0
- Treatment
- fertilizer typese0
- Outcome
- phenological, growth and yield of maizee0
- Value
- p < 0.05e0
- Setting
- both locationse0
Zea maysNot reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Significant variations (p < 0.05) were revealed between varieties, fertilizer types and their interaction effects for phenological, growth and yield of maize in both locations”
Claim · model-written summary
Integrated NPK and chicken manure was superior for maize plant height, leaf number and shoot dry weight.
- Treatment
- integrated application of NPK and chicken manuree0
- Outcome
- plant height, number of leaves and shoot dry weighte0
- Direction
- superioritye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The superiority of the integrated application of NPK and chicken manure was also visible in the vegetative parameters such as plant height, number of leaves and shoot dry weight of the maize plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Obatanpa under half manure and half NPK yielded 4661.1 kg ha−1 at Damongo.
- Material
- Obatanpae0
- Treatment
- ½ CM + ½ NPKe0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 4661.1 kg ha−1e0
- Qualifier
- 29.6 and 29.9 % highere0
- Comparator
- sole NPKe0
- Setting
- Damongoe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Obatanpa treated with ½ CM + ½ NPK produced the highest yield of 4661.1 kg ha−1, which was 29.6 and 29.9 % higher than the same variety grown on sole NPK and sole chicken manure, respectively at Damongo”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Obatanpa under half manure and half NPK yielded 29.6% more than sole NPK at Damongo.
- Material
- Obatanpae0
- Treatment
- ½ CM + ½ NPKe0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 29.6e0
- Comparator
- sole NPKe0
- Setting
- Damongoe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Obatanpa treated with ½ CM + ½ NPK produced the highest yield of 4661.1 kg ha−1, which was 29.6 and 29.9 % higher than the same variety grown on sole NPK and sole chicken manure, respectively at Damongo”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Obatanpa under half manure and half NPK yielded 29.9% more than sole chicken manure at Damongo.
- Material
- Obatanpae0
- Treatment
- ½ CM + ½ NPKe0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 29.9 %e0
- Comparator
- sole chicken manuree0
- Setting
- Damongoe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Obatanpa treated with ½ CM + ½ NPK produced the highest yield of 4661.1 kg ha−1, which was 29.6 and 29.9 % higher than the same variety grown on sole NPK and sole chicken manure, respectively at Damongo”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Abontem under three-quarter manure plus quarter NPK yielded 4479.3 kg ha−1 at Damongo.
- Material
- Abonteme0
- Treatment
- ¾ CM + ¼ NPKe0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 4479.3 kg ha−1e0
- Comparator
- sole NPKe0
- Setting
- Damongoe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Abontem treated with ¾ CM + ¼ NPK recorded a grain yield of 4479.3 kg ha−1, 11.7 % higher than the sole NPK and 10.3 % higher than the sole CM at Damongo”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Abontem under three-quarter manure plus quarter NPK yielded 11.7% more than sole NPK at Damongo.
- Material
- Abonteme0
- Treatment
- ¾ CM + ¼ NPKe0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 11.7 %e0
- Comparator
- sole NPKe0
- Setting
- Damongoe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Abontem treated with ¾ CM + ¼ NPK recorded a grain yield of 4479.3 kg ha−1, 11.7 % higher than the sole NPK and 10.3 % higher than the sole CM at Damongo”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Abontem under three-quarter manure plus quarter NPK yielded 10.3% more than sole manure at Damongo.
- Material
- Abonteme0
- Treatment
- ¾ CM + ¼ NPKe0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 10.3 %e0
- Comparator
- sole CMe0
- Setting
- Damongoe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Abontem treated with ¾ CM + ¼ NPK recorded a grain yield of 4479.3 kg ha−1, 11.7 % higher than the sole NPK and 10.3 % higher than the sole CM at Damongo”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
At Mampong, Obatanpa under half manure plus half NPK had the highest grain yield, 4349.3 kg ha−1.
- Material
- Obatanpae0
- Treatment
- ½ CM + ½ NPKe0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 4349.3 kg ha−1e0
- Setting
- Mamponge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Obatanpa grown on the ½ CM + ½ NPK recorded the highest grain yield of 4349.3 kg ha−1at Mampong”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
At Mampong, Abontem under sole NPK yielded 4267.1 kg ha−1.
- Material
- Abonteme0
- Treatment
- sole NPKe0
- Outcome
- sole NPK (4267.1 kg ha−1)e0
- Value
- 4267.1 kg ha−1e0
- Setting
- Mamponge1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Abontem treated with the sole NPK (4267.1 kg ha−1)”
t0“maize”
e1“at Mampong followed by Abontem”
Claim · model-written summary
Sole NPK and combined NPK and manure gave comparable vegetative responses.
- Treatment
- combined application of NPK and chicken manuree0
- Outcome
- vegetative traitse0
- Direction
- comparablee0
- Comparator
- Sole NPKe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sole NPK and the combined application of NPK and chicken manure gave comparable responses for vegetative traits”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Integrated fertilizer application was superior for maize grain yield across both agroecologies.
- Treatment
- integrated applicatione0
- Outcome
- grain yield of maizee0
- Direction
- superiore0
- Setting
- two agroecologiese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the integrated application proved superior for grain yield of maize across the two agroecologies”
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