Paper · 2024 · Anbar Journal of Agricultural Sciences

EFFICIENCY ALCOHOLIC EXTRACT OF NIGHTSHADE WILD AND POTASSIUM SILICATE IN NORMAL AND NANO TO CONTROL OF DOWNY MILDEW DISEASE IN CUCUMBER

O. K. Farhan; Kh. W. Ibade; T. A. Kream

6
claims
15
verbatim quotes
2
citations
2
research areas
✓
Open access · cc-by

Abstract

The study was carried out during the 2022 agricultural season in the greenhouses belonging to the - College of Agricultural - Al-Ramadi, the study aimed to investigate the efficacy of alcoholic extract of Solanum eleaegnifolium, potassium silicate and ungicide Previcur Energy in normal and nano formula to control downy mildew disease on cucumber crops caused by the fungus Pseudoperonospora cubensis. The results showed that the normal potassium silicate treatment completely prevented the disease during the length of the season, with an infection severity rate of 0.00%, compared to infection with artificial contamination of 45.90%, followed by the treatment of nano fungicide 4.60%. While the treatments of alcoholic extract and nano of nightshade wild gave an infection severity of 7.12% and 8.67%, respectively, then the treatment of nano potassium silicate was 10.48%. In general, we find that the field experiment results have involved all treatments in increasing some growth characteristics such as plant height, fresh and dry weight, and the number of leaves.

Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by. Read at the source ↗

The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.

Claims 6

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Normal potassium silicate prevented downy mildew, with 0.00% severity versus 45.90% after artificial contamination.

Taxon
cucumberCucumis sativuse7
Treatment
normal potassium silicate treatmente0
Interactor
Pseudoperonospora cubensisPseudoperonospora cubensise7pathogen
Outcome
infection severity ratee0
Direction
preventede0
Value
0.00%e0
Qualifier
45.90%e0
Comparator
artificial contaminatione0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Cucumis sativus
Cucumis sativus · TaxonH. Zell · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Pseudoperonospora cubensis
Pseudoperonospora cubensis · InteractorChristian Hummert ( Ixitixel ) · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“CUCUMBER”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 128–136 · show in text ↑
e7

“downy mildew disease on cucumber crops caused by the fungus Pseudoperonospora cubensis”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 315–401 · show in text ↑
e0

“normal potassium silicate treatment completely prevented the disease during the length of the season, with an infection severity rate of 0.00%, compared to infection with artificial contamination of 45.90%”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 431–636 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Nano fungicide treatment yielded 4.60% infection severity.

Taxon
cucumberCucumis sativuse7
Treatment
nano fungicidee0
Interactor
Pseudoperonospora cubensisPseudoperonospora cubensise7pathogen
Outcome
infection severitye1
Value
4.60%e0

Not reportedComparatorDirection

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Cucumis sativus
Cucumis sativus · TaxonH. Zell · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Pseudoperonospora cubensis
Pseudoperonospora cubensis · InteractorChristian Hummert ( Ixitixel ) · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e7

“downy mildew disease on cucumber crops caused by the fungus Pseudoperonospora cubensis”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 315–401 · show in text ↑
e0

“followed by the treatment of nano fungicide 4.60%”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 638–687 · show in text ↑
e1

“infection severity rate of 0.00%”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 541–573 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Alcoholic nightshade extract treatment yielded 7.12% infection severity.

Taxon
cucumberCucumis sativuse7
Treatment
alcoholic extracte0
Interactor
Pseudoperonospora cubensisPseudoperonospora cubensise7pathogen
Outcome
infection severitye0
Value
7.12%e0

Not reportedComparatorDirection

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Cucumis sativus
Cucumis sativus · TaxonH. Zell · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Pseudoperonospora cubensis
Pseudoperonospora cubensis · InteractorChristian Hummert ( Ixitixel ) · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e7

“downy mildew disease on cucumber crops caused by the fungus Pseudoperonospora cubensis”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 315–401 · show in text ↑
e0

“treatments of alcoholic extract and nano of nightshade wild gave an infection severity of 7.12% and 8.67%, respectively”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 699–818 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Nano nightshade treatment yielded 8.67% infection severity.

Taxon
cucumberCucumis sativuse7
Treatment
nano of nightshade wilde0
Interactor
Pseudoperonospora cubensisPseudoperonospora cubensise7pathogen
Outcome
infection severitye0
Value
8.67%e0

Not reportedComparatorDirection

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Cucumis sativus
Cucumis sativus · TaxonH. Zell · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Pseudoperonospora cubensis
Pseudoperonospora cubensis · InteractorChristian Hummert ( Ixitixel ) · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e7

“downy mildew disease on cucumber crops caused by the fungus Pseudoperonospora cubensis”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 315–401 · show in text ↑
e0

“treatments of alcoholic extract and nano of nightshade wild gave an infection severity of 7.12% and 8.67%, respectively”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 699–818 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Nano potassium silicate treatment yielded 10.48% infection severity.

Taxon
cucumberCucumis sativuse7
Treatment
nano potassium silicatee0
Interactor
Pseudoperonospora cubensisPseudoperonospora cubensise7pathogen
Outcome
infection severitye1
Value
10.48%e0

Not reportedComparatorDirection

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Cucumis sativus
Cucumis sativus · TaxonH. Zell · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Pseudoperonospora cubensis
Pseudoperonospora cubensis · InteractorChristian Hummert ( Ixitixel ) · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e7

“downy mildew disease on cucumber crops caused by the fungus Pseudoperonospora cubensis”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 315–401 · show in text ↑
e0

“the treatment of nano potassium silicate was 10.48%”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 825–876 · show in text ↑
e1

“infection severity rate of 0.00%”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 541–573 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

All treatments increased plant height, fresh and dry weight, and leaf number.

Taxon
CUCUMBERCucumis sativust0
Treatment
all treatmentse0
Outcome
plant height, fresh and dry weight, and the number of leavese0
Direction
increasinge0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Cucumis sativus
Cucumis sativus · TaxonH. Zell · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“CUCUMBER”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 128–136 · show in text ↑
e0

“all treatments in increasing some growth characteristics such as plant height, fresh and dry weight, and the number of leaves”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 946–1071 · show in text ↑

potassium · Pseudoperonospora cubensis · Cucumis sativus (cucumber)Positive and negative results

3 papers: 2 positive, 1 negative or no effect

1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction

  1. negative
  2. positive
See all 3 papers →

fungicide · Pseudoperonospora cubensis · Cucumis sativus (cucumber)Results agree

6 papers: 6 positive, 0 negative or no effect

5 papers in the same direction as this paper

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

2 papers more in this group

See all 6 papers →

botanical · Pseudoperonospora cubensis · Cucumis sativus (cucumber)Results agree

7 papers: 7 positive, 0 negative or no effect

6 papers in the same direction as this paper

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

3 papers more in this group

See all 7 papers →

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.