Abstract
Abstract BACKGROUND N 6 ‐Methyladenosine (m 6 A) is a common messenger RNA (mRNA) modification that affects various physiological processes in stress responses. However, the role of m 6 A modifications in plants responses to herbivore stress remains unclear. RESULTS Here, we found that an infestation of brown planthopper ( Nilaparvata lugens ) female adults enhanced the resistance of rice to N. lugens . The m 6 A methylome analysis of N. lugens ‐infested and uninfested rice samples was performed to explore the interaction between rice and N. lugens . The m 6 A methylation mainly occurred in genes that were actively expressed in rice following N. lugens infestation, while an analysis of the whole‐genomic mRNA distribution of m 6 A showed that N. lugens infestation caused an overall decrease in the number of m 6 A methylation sites across the chromosomes. The m 6 A methylation of genes involved in the m 6 A modification machinery and several defense‐related phytohormones (jasmonic acid and salicylic acid) pathways was increased in N. lugens ‐infested rice compared to that in uninfested rice. In contrast, m 6 A modification levels of growth‐related phytohormone (auxin and gibberellin) biosynthesis‐related genes were significantly attenuated during N. lugens infestation, accompanied by the down‐regulated expression of these transcripts, indicating that rice growth was restricted during N. lugens attack to rapidly optimize resource allocation for plant defense. Integrative analysis of the differential patterns of m 6 A methylation and the corresponding transcripts showed a positive correlation between m 6 A methylation and transcriptional regulation. CONCLUSION The m 6 A modification is an important strategy for regulating the expression of genes involved in rice defense and growth during rice– N. lugens interactions. These findings provide new ideas for formulating strategies to control herbivorous pests. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Adult female planthopper infestation enhanced rice resistance.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativae0 - Treatment
- infestation of brown planthopper ( Nilaparvata lugens ) female adultse0
- Interactor
- Nilaparvata lugens
Nilaparvata lugense0pest - Outcome
- resistance of rice to N. lugense0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“an infestation of brown planthopper ( Nilaparvata lugens ) female adults enhanced the resistance of rice to N. lugens .”
Claim · model-written summary
Methylation mainly occurred on actively expressed genes after infestation.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Interactor
- N. lugensNilaparvata lugense0pest
- Outcome
- m 6 A methylatione0
- Qualifier
- genes that were actively expressede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The m 6 A methylation mainly occurred in genes that were actively expressed in rice following N. lugens infestation”
Claim · model-written summary
Infestation decreased m6A methylation sites across chromosomes.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- N. lugens infestatione0
- Interactor
- N. lugensNilaparvata lugense0pest
- Outcome
- number of m 6 A methylation sites across the chromosomese0
- Direction
- decreasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“N. lugens infestation caused an overall decrease in the number of m 6 A methylation sites across the chromosomes.”
t0“Transcriptome‐wide N6‐methyladenosine profiling reveals growth–defense trade‐offs in the response of rice to brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens) infestation”
Claim · model-written summary
Methylation increased in genes of modification machinery and defense hormone pathways.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- N. lugens ‐infestede0
- Interactor
- N. lugensNilaparvata lugense0pest
- Outcome
- m 6 A methylation of genes involved in the m 6 A modification machinery and several defense‐related phytohormones (jasmonic acid and salicylic acid) pathwayse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- uninfested ricee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The m 6 A methylation of genes involved in the m 6 A modification machinery and several defense‐related phytohormones (jasmonic acid and salicylic acid) pathways was increased in N. lugens ‐infested rice compared to that in uninfested rice.”
Claim · model-written summary
Growth hormone biosynthesis gene methylation was attenuated during infestation.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- N. lugens infestatione0
- Interactor
- N. lugensNilaparvata lugense0pest
- Outcome
- m 6 A modification levels of growth‐related phytohormone (auxin and gibberellin) biosynthesis‐related genese0
- Direction
- attenuatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“m 6 A modification levels of growth‐related phytohormone (auxin and gibberellin) biosynthesis‐related genes were significantly attenuated during N. lugens infestation”
t0“Transcriptome‐wide N6‐methyladenosine profiling reveals growth–defense trade‐offs in the response of rice to brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens) infestation”
Claim · model-written summary
Those growth related transcripts were downregulated during infestation.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- N. lugens attacke0
- Interactor
- N. lugensNilaparvata lugense0pest
- Outcome
- expression of these transcriptse0
- Direction
- down‐regulatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“accompanied by the down‐regulated expression of these transcripts, indicating that rice growth was restricted during N. lugens attack”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors infer that rice growth is restricted during attack to allocate resources to defense.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Interactor
- N. lugensNilaparvata lugense0pest
- Outcome
- rice growth was restrictede0
- Qualifier
- optimize resource allocation for plant defensee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“indicating that rice growth was restricted during N. lugens attack to rapidly optimize resource allocation for plant defense.”
Claim · model-written summary
Methylation and transcriptional regulation were positively correlated.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Gene
- corresponding transcriptse0
- Outcome
- positive correlation between m 6 A methylation and transcriptional regulatione0
- Direction
- positivee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Integrative analysis of the differential patterns of m 6 A methylation and the corresponding transcripts showed a positive correlation between m 6 A methylation and transcriptional regulation.”
t0“Transcriptome‐wide N6‐methyladenosine profiling reveals growth–defense trade‐offs in the response of rice to brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens) infestation”
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