Abstract
Winter wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) is a highly competitive crop with the potential to enhance on-farm revenue and reduce reliance on crop protection inputs. The adoption of winter wheat in the Canadian Prairies has varied significantly over recent decades; however, improved weed and disease management practices could facilitate stability of hectares cultivated. To assess current and alternative pesticide management practices, we conducted a study across 15 site-years at four locations over 4 years (2018–2022). Experimental treatments included pre-plant weed management (glyphosate vs. glyphosate mixed with pyroxasulfone + carfentrazone-ethyl), in-crop weed management (no in-crop herbicide vs. fall-applied 2,4-D vs. fall-applied 2,4-D + spring-applied site-year-specific herbicides), and in-crop fungicide management (no in-crop fungicide vs. one prothioconazole + tebuconazole application at Zadoks Growth Stage (ZGS) 60 vs. two prothioconazole + tebuconazole applications at ZGS32 and ZGS60). Pre-plant glyphosate alone and glyphosate tank-mixed with pyroxasulfone + carfentrazone-ethyl exhibited comparable effects on grain yield, quality parameters, and agronomic characteristics. In-crop weed management had no significant influence on these factors compared to the no in-crop herbicide control, suggesting that in-crop herbicide applications are unnecessary due to the high competitiveness of winter wheat against weeds. However, disease mitigation was prudent as single and double application of fungicide increased grain yield while maintaining grain protein concentration levels. A high-yielding, stable system for optimal grain yield typically required pre-plant weed management coupled with two fungicide applications. These observations confirm herbicide inputs can be reduced in a winter wheat cropping system, but disease pressure requires careful cultivar selection with respect to disease resistance as multiple applications of fungicides were needed to optimize grain yield.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Glyphosate alone and its tank mixture had comparable grain yield.
- Taxon
- Winter wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Treatment
- glyphosate alonee0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- comparablee0
- Comparator
- glyphosate tank-mixed with pyroxasulfone + carfentrazone-ethyle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Pre-plant glyphosate alone and glyphosate tank-mixed with pyroxasulfone + carfentrazone-ethyl exhibited comparable effects on grain yield, quality parameters, and agronomic characteristics”
t0“Winter wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Glyphosate alone and its tank mixture had comparable effects on quality and agronomic characteristics.
- Taxon
- Winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- glyphosate alonee0
- Outcome
- quality parameters, and agronomic characteristicse0
- Direction
- comparablee0
- Comparator
- glyphosate tank-mixed with pyroxasulfone + carfentrazone-ethyle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Pre-plant glyphosate alone and glyphosate tank-mixed with pyroxasulfone + carfentrazone-ethyl exhibited comparable effects on grain yield, quality parameters, and agronomic characteristics”
t0“Winter wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
In-crop weed management had no significant influence on grain yield versus no in-crop herbicide.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- In-crop weed managemente0
- Interactor
- weedse1weed
- Outcome
- these factorse0
- Direction
- no significant influencee0
- Comparator
- no in-crop herbicide controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In-crop weed management had no significant influence on these factors compared to the no in-crop herbicide control”
t0“winter wheat”
e1“high competitiveness of winter wheat against weeds”
Claim · model-written summary
A single fungicide application increased grain yield while maintaining protein concentration.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- singlee0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- while maintaining grain protein concentration levelse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“single and double application of fungicide increased grain yield while maintaining grain protein concentration levels”
t0“winter wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Two fungicide applications increased grain yield while maintaining protein concentration.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- double application of fungicidee0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- while maintaining grain protein concentration levelse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“single and double application of fungicide increased grain yield while maintaining grain protein concentration levels”
t0“winter wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
A high-yielding stable wheat system typically required pre-plant weed management with two fungicide applications.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- pre-plant weed management coupled with two fungicide applicationse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A high-yielding, stable system for optimal grain yield typically required pre-plant weed management coupled with two fungicide applications”
t0“winter wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Authors conclude herbicide inputs can be reduced in winter wheat cropping.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Outcome
- herbicide inputs can be reducede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“herbicide inputs can be reduced in a winter wheat cropping system”
Claim · model-written summary
Authors advise disease-resistant cultivar selection because repeated fungicide applications were needed to optimize yield.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- careful cultivar selection with respect to disease resistancee0
- Qualifier
- multiple applications of fungicides were needed to optimize grain yielde0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“disease pressure requires careful cultivar selection with respect to disease resistance as multiple applications of fungicides were needed to optimize grain yield”
t0“winter wheat”
The same questions in other papers
glyphosate · yield · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Results differ
16 papers in the same direction as this paper · 20 reporting no difference from an alternative
- no effect
- positive
- positive
33 papers more in this group
See all 37 papers →glyphosate · quality: general · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- positive
fungicide · yield · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
231 papers in the same direction as this paper · 30 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- negative
258 papers more in this group
See all 262 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.