Abstract
To evaluate the effects of Glycine Betaine, Zinc, and Boron elements on the yield and nutritional status of rainfed Cicer arietinum, a factorial experiment, was conducted during the 2019 and 2020 cropping years in Mahabad city. The experiment followed a randomized complete block design with three replications. The experimental factors included soil application of zinc sulfate at two levels (40 kg/ha and no zinc application), foliar application of boron at three levels (no use, before, and after flowering with 3 kg per 1000 L of water), and foliar application of Glycine Betaine at three levels (no use, flowering, and after flowering with 1.88 g/L). The results indicated that the year significantly affected grain yield, biological yield, and uptake of boron and zinc. The treatments involving boron and Glycine Betaine showed an increasing effect on plant height, total chlorophyll, soluble sugar, Glycine Betaine, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per plant, 100-seed weight, grain yield, biological yield, nitrogen percentage, boron concentration, and grain protein percentage. The highest grain yield (1549.15 kg. ha−1) in the treatment without zinc application and with simultaneous application of boron and Glycine Betaine after flowering resulted in a 34.58% increase compared to the control. The foliar application of Glycine Betaine and boron in the pre-and post-flowering stages and boron in the post-flowering stage resulted in the highest grain nitrogen uptake at 60.2%. Also, the result showed that no Glycine Betaine and boron application before flowering exhibited the highest soluble sugar content.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Year significantly affected yield and nutrient uptake.
- Taxon
- Cicer arietinum
Cicer arietinume1 - Outcome
- grain yield, biological yield, and uptake of boron and zince0
- Setting
- yeare0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The results indicated that the year significantly affected grain yield, biological yield, and uptake of boron and zinc.”
e1“rainfed Cicer arietinum”
Claim · model-written summary
Boron and Glycine Betaine increased plant height.
- Taxon
- Cicer arietinumCicer arietinume1
- Treatment
- treatments involving boron and Glycine Betainee0
- Outcome
- plant heighte0
- Direction
- increasinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The treatments involving boron and Glycine Betaine showed an increasing effect on plant height, total chlorophyll, soluble sugar, Glycine Betaine, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per plant, 100-seed weight, grain yield, biological yield, nitrogen percentage, boron concentration, and grain protein percentage.”
e1“rainfed Cicer arietinum”
Claim · model-written summary
Boron and Glycine Betaine increased total chlorophyll, soluble sugar, Glycine Betaine.
- Taxon
- Cicer arietinumCicer arietinume1
- Treatment
- treatments involving boron and Glycine Betainee0
- Outcome
- total chlorophyll, soluble sugar, Glycine Betainee0
- Direction
- increasinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The treatments involving boron and Glycine Betaine showed an increasing effect on plant height, total chlorophyll, soluble sugar, Glycine Betaine, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per plant, 100-seed weight, grain yield, biological yield, nitrogen percentage, boron concentration, and grain protein percentage.”
e1“rainfed Cicer arietinum”
Claim · model-written summary
Boron and Glycine Betaine increased grain yield, biological yield.
- Taxon
- Cicer arietinumCicer arietinume1
- Treatment
- treatments involving boron and Glycine Betainee0
- Outcome
- grain yield, biological yielde0
- Direction
- increasinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The treatments involving boron and Glycine Betaine showed an increasing effect on plant height, total chlorophyll, soluble sugar, Glycine Betaine, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per plant, 100-seed weight, grain yield, biological yield, nitrogen percentage, boron concentration, and grain protein percentage.”
e1“rainfed Cicer arietinum”
Claim · model-written summary
Boron and Glycine Betaine increased nitrogen percentage, boron concentration, and grain protein percentage.
- Taxon
- Cicer arietinumCicer arietinume1
- Treatment
- treatments involving boron and Glycine Betainee0
- Outcome
- nitrogen percentage, boron concentration, and grain protein percentagee0
- Direction
- increasinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The treatments involving boron and Glycine Betaine showed an increasing effect on plant height, total chlorophyll, soluble sugar, Glycine Betaine, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per plant, 100-seed weight, grain yield, biological yield, nitrogen percentage, boron concentration, and grain protein percentage.”
e1“rainfed Cicer arietinum”
Claim · model-written summary
Chickpea result: grain yield.
- Taxon
- Cicer arietinumCicer arietinume1
- Treatment
- treatment without zinc application and with simultaneous application of boron and Glycine Betaine after floweringe0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 1549.15 kg. ha−1e0
- Qualifier
- 34.58%e0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest grain yield (1549.15 kg. ha−1) in the treatment without zinc application and with simultaneous application of boron and Glycine Betaine after flowering resulted in a 34.58% increase compared to the control.”
e1“rainfed Cicer arietinum”
Claim · model-written summary
Chickpea result: grain nitrogen uptake.
- Taxon
- Cicer arietinumCicer arietinume1
- Treatment
- foliar application of Glycine Betaine and boron in the pre-and post-flowering stages and boron in the post-flowering stagee0
- Outcome
- grain nitrogen uptakee0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 60.2%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The foliar application of Glycine Betaine and boron in the pre-and post-flowering stages and boron in the post-flowering stage resulted in the highest grain nitrogen uptake at 60.2%.”
e1“rainfed Cicer arietinum”
Claim · model-written summary
Chickpea result: soluble sugar content.
- Taxon
- Cicer arietinumCicer arietinume1
- Treatment
- no Glycine Betaine and boron application before floweringe0
- Outcome
- soluble sugar contente0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“no Glycine Betaine and boron application before flowering exhibited the highest soluble sugar content”
e1“rainfed Cicer arietinum”
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See all 6 papers →8 of 11 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.