Abstract
Salinity is a major abiotic stress that seriously affects crop growth worldwide. In this work, we aimed to isolate potential halotolerant plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) to mitigate the adverse impacts of salt stress in rice. An isolate, D2, with multiple plant growth-promoting (PGP) characteristics was identified as Enterobacter asburiae D2. Strain D2 could produce indole-3-acetic acid and siderophore. It also exhibited phosphate solubilization and 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic deaminase activity. Genome analysis further provided insights into the molecular mechanism of its PGP abilities. Strain D2 inoculation efficiently stimulated rice growth under both normal and saline conditions. Compared with the non-inoculated plants, a significant increase in plant height (18.1–34.7%), root length (25.9–57.1%), root dry weight (57.1–150%), and shoot dry weight (17.3–50.4%) was recorded in inoculated rice seedlings. Meanwhile, rice seedlings inoculated with strain D2 showed improvement in chlorophyll and proline content, while the oxidant damage was reduced in these plants in comparison with the control group. Moreover, the K+/Na+ ratio of the inoculated rice seedlings exposed to NaCl and Na2CO3 was higher than that of the uninoculated groups. These results imply that Enterobacter asburiae D2 is a potential PGPR that can be used for alleviation of salt stress in rice.
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
Enterobacter asburiae D2 was identified as a plant growth promoting isolate.
- Taxon
- Rice
Oryza sativat0 - Interactor
- Enterobacter asburiae D2Enterobacter asburiaee0symbiont
- Outcome
- multiple plant growth-promoting (PGP) characteristicse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Rice”
e0“An isolate, D2, with multiple plant growth-promoting (PGP) characteristics was identified as Enterobacter asburiae D2”
Claim · model-written summary
Strain D2 produced indole-3-acetic acid and siderophore.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Interactor
- Strain D2e0symbiont
- Outcome
- Strain D2 could produce indole-3-acetic acid and siderophoree0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Rice”
e0“Strain D2 could produce indole-3-acetic acid and siderophore”
Claim · model-written summary
Strain D2 exhibited phosphate solubilization and ACC deaminase activity.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- phosphate solubilization and 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic deaminase activitye0
Not reportedInteractorInteractor roleDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Rice”
e0“It also exhibited phosphate solubilization and 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic deaminase activity”
Claim · model-written summary
Genome analysis supplied insight into strain D2 plant growth promotion.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- molecular mechanism of its PGP abilitiese0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Rice”
e0“Genome analysis further provided insights into the molecular mechanism of its PGP abilities”
Claim · model-written summary
D2 inoculation stimulated rice growth under normal and saline conditions.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Strain D2 inoculatione0
- Interactor
- Strain D2e0symbiont
- Outcome
- rice growthe0
- Direction
- stimulatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Rice”
e0“Strain D2 inoculation efficiently stimulated rice growth under both normal and saline conditions”
Claim · model-written summary
D2 inoculation significantly increased rice seedling height by 18.1–34.7%.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- inoculated rice seedlingse0
- Outcome
- plant heighte0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 18.1–34.7%e0
- Comparator
- non-inoculated plantse0
Not reportedInteractorInteractor role
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Rice”
e0“Compared with the non-inoculated plants, a significant increase in plant height (18.1–34.7%), root length (25.9–57.1%), root dry weight (57.1–150%), and shoot dry weight (17.3–50.4%) was recorded in inoculated rice seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
D2 inoculation significantly increased rice root length by 25.9–57.1%.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- inoculated rice seedlingse0
- Outcome
- root lengthe0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 25.9–57.1%e0
- Comparator
- non-inoculated plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Rice”
e0“Compared with the non-inoculated plants, a significant increase in plant height (18.1–34.7%), root length (25.9–57.1%), root dry weight (57.1–150%), and shoot dry weight (17.3–50.4%) was recorded in inoculated rice seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
D2 inoculation significantly increased rice root dry weight by 57.1–150%.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- inoculated rice seedlingse0
- Outcome
- root dry weighte0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 57.1–150%e0
- Comparator
- non-inoculated plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Rice”
e0“Compared with the non-inoculated plants, a significant increase in plant height (18.1–34.7%), root length (25.9–57.1%), root dry weight (57.1–150%), and shoot dry weight (17.3–50.4%) was recorded in inoculated rice seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
D2 inoculation significantly increased rice shoot dry weight by 17.3–50.4%.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- inoculated rice seedlingse0
- Outcome
- shoot dry weighte0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 17.3–50.4%e0
- Comparator
- non-inoculated plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Rice”
e0“Compared with the non-inoculated plants, a significant increase in plant height (18.1–34.7%), root length (25.9–57.1%), root dry weight (57.1–150%), and shoot dry weight (17.3–50.4%) was recorded in inoculated rice seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
D2 inoculation improved chlorophyll and proline content.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- inoculated with strain D2e0
- Interactor
- strain D2e0symbiont
- Outcome
- chlorophyll and proline contente0
- Direction
- improvemente0
- Comparator
- control groupe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Rice”
e0“rice seedlings inoculated with strain D2 showed improvement in chlorophyll and proline content, while the oxidant damage was reduced in these plants in comparison with the control group”
Claim · model-written summary
D2 inoculation reduced oxidant damage in rice seedlings.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- inoculated with strain D2e0
- Interactor
- strain D2e0symbiont
- Outcome
- oxidant damagee0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Comparator
- control groupe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Rice”
e0“rice seedlings inoculated with strain D2 showed improvement in chlorophyll and proline content, while the oxidant damage was reduced in these plants in comparison with the control group”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculated seedlings exposed to NaCl had higher K+/Na+ ratio than uninoculated seedlings.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- inoculated rice seedlings exposed to NaCle0
- Outcome
- K+/Na+ ratioe0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- uninoculated groupse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Rice”
e0“the K+/Na+ ratio of the inoculated rice seedlings exposed to NaCl and Na2CO3 was higher than that of the uninoculated groups”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculated seedlings exposed to Na2CO3 had higher K+/Na+ ratio than uninoculated seedlings.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- inoculated rice seedlings exposed to NaCl and Na2CO3e0
- Outcome
- K+/Na+ ratioe0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- uninoculated groupse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Rice”
e0“the K+/Na+ ratio of the inoculated rice seedlings exposed to NaCl and Na2CO3 was higher than that of the uninoculated groups”
Claim · model-written summary
D2 was proposed for alleviating rice salt stress.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Interactor
- Enterobacter asburiae D2Enterobacter asburiaee0symbiont
- Outcome
- alleviation of salt stress in ricee0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Rice”
e0“Enterobacter asburiae D2 is a potential PGPR that can be used for alleviation of salt stress in rice”
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