Abstract
Jerusalem Artichoke ( Helianthus tuberosus L. ), an emerging “food and fodder” economic crop on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. To tackle problems such as incomplete fermentation and nutrient loss occurring during the low-temperature ensilage of Jerusalem Artichokes in the plateau’s winter, this study inoculated two strains of low-temperature resistant lactic acid bacteria, Lactobacillus plantarum (GN02) and Lactobacillus brevis (XN25), along with their mixed components, into Jerusalem Artichoke silage material. We investigated how low-temperature resistant lactic acid bacteria enhance the quality of low-temperature silage fermentation for Jerusalem Artichokes and clarify its mutual feedback effect with microorganisms. Results indicated that inoculating low-temperature resistant lactic acid bacteria significantly reduces the potential of hydrogen and water-soluble carbohydrates content of silage, while increasing lactic acid and acetic acid levels, reducing propionic acid, and preserving additional dry matter. Inoculating the L. plantarum group during fermentation lowers pH and propionic acid levels, increases lactic acid content, and maintains a dry matter content similar to the original material. Bacterial community diversity exhibited more pronounced changes than fungal diversity, with inoculation having a minor effect on fungal community diversity. Within the bacteria, Lactobacillus remains consistently abundant (>85%) in the inoculated L. plantarum group. At the fungal phylum and genus levels, no significant changes were observed following fermentation, and dominant fungal genera in all groups did not differ significantly from those in the raw material. L. plantarum exhibited a positive correlation with lactic acid and negative correlations with pH and propionic acid. In summary, the inoculation of L. plantarum GN02 facilitated the fermentation process, preserved an acidic silage environment, and ensured high fermentation quality; it is a suitable inoculant for low-temperature silage in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.
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Claims 17
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculating low-temperature resistant lactic acid bacteria significantly reduced the pH and water-soluble carbohydrate content of the silage.
- Taxon
- Helianthus tuberosus
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Helianthus tuberosust0 - Treatment
- inoculating low-temperature resistant lactic acid bacteriae1
- Outcome
- the potential of hydrogen and water-soluble carbohydrates content of silagee1
- Direction
- reducese1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e1“inoculating low-temperature resistant lactic acid bacteria significantly reduces the potential of hydrogen and water-soluble carbohydrates content of silage, while increasing lactic acid and acetic acid levels, reducing propionic acid, and preserving additional dry matter”
t0“The influence of low-temperature resistant lactic acid bacteria on the enhancement of quality and the microbial community in winter Jerusalem Artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus L.) silage on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculating low-temperature resistant lactic acid bacteria increased lactic acid and acetic acid levels in the silage.
- Taxon
- Helianthus tuberosusHelianthus tuberosust0
- Treatment
- inoculating low-temperature resistant lactic acid bacteriae1
- Outcome
- lactic acid and acetic acid levelse1
- Direction
- increasinge1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“inoculating low-temperature resistant lactic acid bacteria significantly reduces the potential of hydrogen and water-soluble carbohydrates content of silage, while increasing lactic acid and acetic acid levels, reducing propionic acid, and preserving additional dry matter”
t0“The influence of low-temperature resistant lactic acid bacteria on the enhancement of quality and the microbial community in winter Jerusalem Artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus L.) silage on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculating low-temperature resistant lactic acid bacteria reduced the propionic acid in the silage.
- Taxon
- Helianthus tuberosusHelianthus tuberosust0
- Treatment
- inoculating low-temperature resistant lactic acid bacteriae1
- Outcome
- propionic acide1
- Direction
- reducinge1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“inoculating low-temperature resistant lactic acid bacteria significantly reduces the potential of hydrogen and water-soluble carbohydrates content of silage, while increasing lactic acid and acetic acid levels, reducing propionic acid, and preserving additional dry matter”
t0“The influence of low-temperature resistant lactic acid bacteria on the enhancement of quality and the microbial community in winter Jerusalem Artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus L.) silage on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculating low-temperature resistant lactic acid bacteria preserved additional dry matter in the silage.
- Taxon
- Helianthus tuberosusHelianthus tuberosust0
- Treatment
- inoculating low-temperature resistant lactic acid bacteriae1
- Outcome
- dry mattere1
- Direction
- preservinge1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“inoculating low-temperature resistant lactic acid bacteria significantly reduces the potential of hydrogen and water-soluble carbohydrates content of silage, while increasing lactic acid and acetic acid levels, reducing propionic acid, and preserving additional dry matter”
t0“The influence of low-temperature resistant lactic acid bacteria on the enhancement of quality and the microbial community in winter Jerusalem Artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus L.) silage on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculating the L. plantarum group lowered pH and propionic acid levels in the silage.
- Taxon
- Helianthus tuberosusHelianthus tuberosust0
- Treatment
- Inoculating the L. plantarum group during fermentatione2
- Outcome
- pH and propionic acid levelse2
- Direction
- lowerse2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“Inoculating the L. plantarum group during fermentation lowers pH and propionic acid levels, increases lactic acid content, and maintains a dry matter content similar to the original material”
t0“The influence of low-temperature resistant lactic acid bacteria on the enhancement of quality and the microbial community in winter Jerusalem Artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus L.) silage on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculating the L. plantarum group increased the lactic acid content of the silage.
- Taxon
- Helianthus tuberosusHelianthus tuberosust0
- Treatment
- Inoculating the L. plantarum group during fermentatione2
- Outcome
- lactic acid contente2
- Direction
- increasese2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“Inoculating the L. plantarum group during fermentation lowers pH and propionic acid levels, increases lactic acid content, and maintains a dry matter content similar to the original material”
t0“The influence of low-temperature resistant lactic acid bacteria on the enhancement of quality and the microbial community in winter Jerusalem Artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus L.) silage on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculating the L. plantarum group maintained a dry matter content similar to that of the original material.
- Taxon
- Helianthus tuberosusHelianthus tuberosust0
- Treatment
- Inoculating the L. plantarum group during fermentatione2
- Outcome
- dry matter contente2
- Direction
- maintainse2
- Comparator
- the original materiale2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“Inoculating the L. plantarum group during fermentation lowers pH and propionic acid levels, increases lactic acid content, and maintains a dry matter content similar to the original material”
t0“The influence of low-temperature resistant lactic acid bacteria on the enhancement of quality and the microbial community in winter Jerusalem Artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus L.) silage on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau”
Claim · model-written summary
Bacterial community diversity changed more than fungal community diversity during silage fermentation.
- Taxon
- Helianthus tuberosusHelianthus tuberosust0
- Outcome
- bacterial community diversitye3
- Comparator
- fungal diversitye3
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“Bacterial community diversity exhibited more pronounced changes than fungal diversity, with inoculation having a minor effect on fungal community diversity”
t0“The influence of low-temperature resistant lactic acid bacteria on the enhancement of quality and the microbial community in winter Jerusalem Artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus L.) silage on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculation had a minor effect on fungal community diversity in the silage.
- Taxon
- Helianthus tuberosusHelianthus tuberosust0
- Treatment
- inoculatione3
- Outcome
- fungal community diversitye3
- Qualifier
- minor effecte3
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“Bacterial community diversity exhibited more pronounced changes than fungal diversity, with inoculation having a minor effect on fungal community diversity”
t0“The influence of low-temperature resistant lactic acid bacteria on the enhancement of quality and the microbial community in winter Jerusalem Artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus L.) silage on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau”
Claim · model-written summary
Lactobacillus remained consistently abundant (>85%) in the inoculated L. plantarum group.
- Taxon
- Helianthus tuberosusHelianthus tuberosust0
- Material
- L. plantarume4
- Outcome
- Lactobacillus remains consistently abundante4
- Value
- >85%e4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“Within the bacteria, Lactobacillus remains consistently abundant (>85%) in the inoculated L. plantarum group”
t0“The influence of low-temperature resistant lactic acid bacteria on the enhancement of quality and the microbial community in winter Jerusalem Artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus L.) silage on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau”
Claim · model-written summary
Fungal phylum and genus levels showed no significant changes following fermentation of the silage.
- Taxon
- Helianthus tuberosusHelianthus tuberosust0
- Treatment
- fermentatione5
- Outcome
- fungal phylum and genus levelse5
- Direction
- no significant changese5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“At the fungal phylum and genus levels, no significant changes were observed following fermentation, and dominant fungal genera in all groups did not differ significantly from those in the raw material”
t0“The influence of low-temperature resistant lactic acid bacteria on the enhancement of quality and the microbial community in winter Jerusalem Artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus L.) silage on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau”
Claim · model-written summary
Dominant fungal genera in all groups did not differ significantly from those in the raw material.
- Taxon
- Helianthus tuberosusHelianthus tuberosust0
- Outcome
- dominant fungal generae5
- Direction
- did not differ significantlye5
- Comparator
- raw materiale5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“At the fungal phylum and genus levels, no significant changes were observed following fermentation, and dominant fungal genera in all groups did not differ significantly from those in the raw material”
t0“The influence of low-temperature resistant lactic acid bacteria on the enhancement of quality and the microbial community in winter Jerusalem Artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus L.) silage on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau”
Claim · model-written summary
L. plantarum showed a positive correlation with lactic acid in the silage.
- Taxon
- Helianthus tuberosusHelianthus tuberosust0
- Treatment
- L. plantarume6
- Outcome
- lactic acide6
- Direction
- positive correlatione6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“L. plantarum exhibited a positive correlation with lactic acid and negative correlations with pH and propionic acid”
t0“The influence of low-temperature resistant lactic acid bacteria on the enhancement of quality and the microbial community in winter Jerusalem Artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus L.) silage on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau”
Claim · model-written summary
L. plantarum showed negative correlations with pH and propionic acid in the silage.
- Taxon
- Helianthus tuberosusHelianthus tuberosust0
- Treatment
- L. plantarume6
- Outcome
- pH and propionic acide6
- Direction
- negative correlationse6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“L. plantarum exhibited a positive correlation with lactic acid and negative correlations with pH and propionic acid”
t0“The influence of low-temperature resistant lactic acid bacteria on the enhancement of quality and the microbial community in winter Jerusalem Artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus L.) silage on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau”
Claim · model-written summary
L. plantarum GN02 is a suitable inoculant for low-temperature silage of Jerusalem artichoke on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.
- Taxon
- Helianthus tuberosusHelianthus tuberosust0
- Treatment
- L. plantarum GN02e7
- Outcome
- a suitable inoculant for low-temperature silagee7
- Setting
- Qinghai-Tibet Plateaue7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“the inoculation of L. plantarum GN02 facilitated the fermentation process, preserved an acidic silage environment, and ensured high fermentation quality; it is a suitable inoculant for low-temperature silage in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau”
t0“The influence of low-temperature resistant lactic acid bacteria on the enhancement of quality and the microbial community in winter Jerusalem Artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus L.) silage on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculation with L. plantarum GN02 facilitated the silage fermentation process.
- Taxon
- Helianthus tuberosusHelianthus tuberosust0
- Treatment
- the inoculation of L. plantarum GN02e7
- Outcome
- fermentation processe7
- Direction
- facilitatede7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“the inoculation of L. plantarum GN02 facilitated the fermentation process, preserved an acidic silage environment, and ensured high fermentation quality”
t0“The influence of low-temperature resistant lactic acid bacteria on the enhancement of quality and the microbial community in winter Jerusalem Artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus L.) silage on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculation with L. plantarum GN02 preserved an acidic silage environment.
- Taxon
- Helianthus tuberosusHelianthus tuberosust0
- Treatment
- the inoculation of L. plantarum GN02e7
- Outcome
- acidic silage environmente7
- Direction
- preservede7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“the inoculation of L. plantarum GN02 facilitated the fermentation process, preserved an acidic silage environment, and ensured high fermentation quality”
t0“The influence of low-temperature resistant lactic acid bacteria on the enhancement of quality and the microbial community in winter Jerusalem Artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus L.) silage on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau”
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