Abstract
This study aimed to determine the effects of delayed harvest, irrigation and nitrogen fertilization on yield and fuel quality of the Jerusalem artichoke (JA) (Helianthus tuberosus L.). The biomass, calorific value, ash content and total calories per hectare of the Jerusalem artichoke were assessed in Inner Mongolia, China, at various harvest times, after irrigation and nitrogen application. The results showed that fresh and dry weights of tubers and underground biomass were higher when harvested after freezing; the dry yields of leaves and stems decreased with harvest time. In addition, irrigation significantly enhanced the yields of underground biomass, aboveground biomass and tubers, compared with non-irrigation conditions (p < 0.05). Interestingly, the highest yield was obtained with irrigation and treatment with nitrogenous fertilizers (20 to 50 kg ha−1). The calorific values of tubers and roots were significantly higher for samples harvested after freezing (p < 0.05); the calorific values of leaves and stems significantly decreased with harvest time and without irrigation (p < 0.05). The calorific values of stems and leaves were higher than those of tubers and roots, when JA was harvested before freezing, and the opposite trend was obtained for harvest done after freezing. The highest calories per hectare was obtained in WN2 (585247.42 MJ ha−1) on 30 September 2010 harvest. No correlation was found between the effects of water or nitrogenous fertilizers and ash content. However, the ash contents of stems, leafs, tubers and roots were significantly decreased (p < 0.05) with harvest time. Finally, in all treatment conditions, leaves produced the highest ash amounts among all plant parts, including stems, tubers, leaves and roots.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Post-freezing harvest increased fresh and dry tuber and underground biomass weights.
- Taxon
- Helianthus tuberosusL.
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Helianthus tuberosust0 - Treatment
- harvested after freezinge0
- Outcome
- fresh and dry weights of tubers and underground biomasse0
- Direction
- highere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“fresh and dry weights of tubers and underground biomass were higher when harvested after freezing”
t0“Helianthus tuberosusL.”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf and stem dry yields decreased with harvest time.
- Taxon
- Helianthus tuberosusL.Helianthus tuberosust0
- Treatment
- harvest timee0
- Outcome
- dry yields of leaves and stemse0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the dry yields of leaves and stems decreased with harvest time”
t0“Helianthus tuberosusL.”
Claim · model-written summary
Irrigation significantly increased underground biomass, aboveground biomass and tuber yields.
- Taxon
- Helianthus tuberosusL.Helianthus tuberosust0
- Treatment
- irrigatione0
- Outcome
- yields of underground biomass, aboveground biomass and tuberse0
- Direction
- enhancede0
- Comparator
- non-irrigation conditionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“irrigation significantly enhanced the yields of underground biomass, aboveground biomass and tubers, compared with non-irrigation conditions (p < 0.05)”
t0“Helianthus tuberosusL.”
Claim · model-written summary
Irrigation with nitrogenous fertilizer at 20 to 50 kg ha−1 gave the highest yield.
- Taxon
- Helianthus tuberosusL.Helianthus tuberosust0
- Treatment
- irrigation and treatment with nitrogenous fertilizers (20 to 50 kg ha−1)e0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- higheste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the highest yield was obtained with irrigation and treatment with nitrogenous fertilizers (20 to 50 kg ha−1)”
t0“Helianthus tuberosusL.”
Claim · model-written summary
Tuber and root calorific values were higher after freezing.
- Taxon
- Helianthus tuberosusL.Helianthus tuberosust0
- Treatment
- harvested after freezinge0
- Outcome
- calorific values of tubers and rootse0
- Direction
- highere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The calorific values of tubers and roots were significantly higher for samples harvested after freezing (p < 0.05)”
t0“Helianthus tuberosusL.”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf and stem calorific values decreased with harvest time.
- Taxon
- Helianthus tuberosusL.Helianthus tuberosust0
- Treatment
- harvest timee0
- Outcome
- calorific values of leaves and stemse0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the calorific values of leaves and stems significantly decreased with harvest time and without irrigation (p < 0.05)”
t0“Helianthus tuberosusL.”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf and stem calorific values decreased without irrigation.
- Taxon
- Helianthus tuberosusL.Helianthus tuberosust0
- Treatment
- without irrigatione0
- Outcome
- calorific values of leaves and stemse0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the calorific values of leaves and stems significantly decreased with harvest time and without irrigation (p < 0.05)”
t0“Helianthus tuberosusL.”
Claim · model-written summary
Before freezing, stems and leaves had higher calorific values than tubers and roots.
- Taxon
- Helianthus tuberosusL.Helianthus tuberosust0
- Outcome
- calorific values of stems and leavese0
- Direction
- highere0
- Qualifier
- harvested before freezinge0
- Comparator
- tubers and rootse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The calorific values of stems and leaves were higher than those of tubers and roots, when JA was harvested before freezing”
t0“Helianthus tuberosusL.”
Claim · model-written summary
After freezing, tubers and roots had higher calorific values than stems and leaves.
- Taxon
- Helianthus tuberosusL.Helianthus tuberosust0
- Outcome
- opposite trende0
- Qualifier
- harvest done after freezinge0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“and the opposite trend was obtained for harvest done after freezing”
t0“Helianthus tuberosusL.”
Claim · model-written summary
WN2 gave the highest calories per hectare, 585247.42 MJ ha−1, on 30 September 2010.
- Taxon
- Helianthus tuberosusL.Helianthus tuberosust0
- Material
- WN2e0
- Outcome
- calories per hectaree0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 585247.42 MJ ha−1e0
- Qualifier
- 30 September 2010 harveste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest calories per hectare was obtained in WN2 (585247.42 MJ ha−1) on 30 September 2010 harvest”
t0“Helianthus tuberosusL.”
Claim · model-written summary
Ash content was uncorrelated with water or nitrogenous fertilizer effects.
- Taxon
- Helianthus tuberosusL.Helianthus tuberosust0
- Treatment
- water or nitrogenous fertilizerse0
- Outcome
- ash contente0
- Direction
- No correlatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“No correlation was found between the effects of water or nitrogenous fertilizers and ash content.”
t0“Helianthus tuberosusL.”
Claim · model-written summary
Stem, leaf, tuber and root ash contents decreased with harvest time.
- Taxon
- Helianthus tuberosusL.Helianthus tuberosust0
- Treatment
- harvest timee0
- Outcome
- ash contents of stems, leafs, tubers and rootse0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the ash contents of stems, leafs, tubers and roots were significantly decreased (p < 0.05) with harvest time”
t0“Helianthus tuberosusL.”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaves had the highest ash amounts across treatments.
- Taxon
- Helianthus tuberosusL.Helianthus tuberosust0
- Organ / stage
- leavese0
- Outcome
- ash amountse0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Qualifier
- all treatment conditionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in all treatment conditions, leaves produced the highest ash amounts among all plant parts, including stems, tubers, leaves and roots”
t0“Helianthus tuberosusL.”
The same questions in other papers
irrigation · yield · Helianthus tuberosus (Jerusalem artichoke)Positive and negative results
4 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- positive
- negative
- positive
2 papers more in this group
See all 6 papers →cold · growth · Helianthus tuberosus (Jerusalem artichoke)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.