Abstract
Abstract Conventional breeding in pears is inefficient due to a long juvenile phase and self-incompatibility. Genetic transformation offers a promise to expedite the breeding process. However, the frequencies of regeneration and genetic transformation in most Pyrus spp. are relatively low. This study investigated various factors influencing regeneration and genetic transformation using leaves from Pyrus ussuriensis Maxim “Shanli” and P. communis L. “Conference” as explants. The optimum regeneration medium for “Shanli” and “Conference” was NN69 containing 3.0 mg L −1 thidiazuron (TDZ) and 0.3 mg L −1 indolybutyric acid (IBA) for the former or 1.0 mg L −1 TDZ and 0.5 mg L −1 naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) for the latter. Sectioning the leaves from 30-day-old plantlets transversely and placing them with their abaxial side facing downward could significantly improve the regeneration ratio in both accessions. Moreover, a two- or four-week culture under the dark was beneficial for the regeneration of “Shanli” and “Conference” respectively. The optimal infection time was 12 and 8 min, while the time of the delayed screening test was two and one day for “Shanli” and “Conference” respectively. Moreover, a coculture of two days was recommended for both accessions. Post-transformation, the optimal concentrations of antibiotics were 16 mg L −1 kanamycin (Kan), 150 mg L −1 timentin (Tim), and 300 mg L −1 cefotaxime (Cef). The optimized regeneration and transformation system can be an effective alternative for either gene function analysis or genetic improvement in pear.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
The optimum regeneration medium for Shanli was NN69 with 3.0 mg/L TDZ and 0.3 mg/L IBA.
- Taxon
- Pyrus ussuriensis Maxim
Pyrus ussuriensise0 - Material
- Shanlie1
- Treatment
- NN69 containing 3.0 mg L −1 thidiazuron (TDZ) and 0.3 mg L −1 indolybutyric acid (IBA)e1
- Outcome
- optimum regeneration mediume1
- Value
- 3.0 mg L −1e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“The optimum regeneration medium for “Shanli” and “Conference” was NN69 containing 3.0 mg L −1 thidiazuron (TDZ) and 0.3 mg L −1 indolybutyric acid (IBA) for the former or 1.0 mg L −1 TDZ and 0.5 mg L −1 naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) for the latter”
e0“Pyrus ussuriensis Maxim “Shanli” and P. communis L. “Conference””
Claim · model-written summary
The optimum regeneration medium for Conference was NN69-based with 1.0 mg/L TDZ and 0.5 mg/L NAA.
- Taxon
- P. communis L.
_Poirier_Fleurs_et_feuilles.jpg?width=60)
Pyrus communise0 - Material
- Conferencee1
- Treatment
- 1.0 mg L −1 TDZ and 0.5 mg L −1 naphthalene acetic acid (NAA)e1
- Outcome
- optimum regeneration mediume1
- Value
- 1.0 mg L −1e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_Poirier_Fleurs_et_feuilles.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e1“The optimum regeneration medium for “Shanli” and “Conference” was NN69 containing 3.0 mg L −1 thidiazuron (TDZ) and 0.3 mg L −1 indolybutyric acid (IBA) for the former or 1.0 mg L −1 TDZ and 0.5 mg L −1 naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) for the latter”
e0“Pyrus ussuriensis Maxim “Shanli” and P. communis L. “Conference””
Claim · model-written summary
Sectioning leaves from 30-day-old plantlets with the abaxial side facing down could significantly improve regeneration ratio in both accessions.
- Taxon
- pearPyrus communist0
- Treatment
- Sectioning the leaves from 30-day-old plantlets transversely and placing them with their abaxial side facing downwarde2
- Outcome
- regeneration ratioe2
- Direction
- improvee2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“Sectioning the leaves from 30-day-old plantlets transversely and placing them with their abaxial side facing downward could significantly improve the regeneration ratio in both accessions”
t0“transformation in pear”
Claim · model-written summary
A two-week dark culture was beneficial for regeneration of Shanli leaves.
- Taxon
- Pyrus ussuriensis MaximPyrus ussuriensise0
- Material
- Shanlie3
- Treatment
- a two- or four-week culture under the darke3
- Outcome
- regeneratione3
- Direction
- beneficiale3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“a two- or four-week culture under the dark was beneficial for the regeneration of “Shanli” and “Conference” respectively”
e0“Pyrus ussuriensis Maxim “Shanli” and P. communis L. “Conference””
Claim · model-written summary
A four-week dark culture was beneficial for regeneration of Conference leaves.
- Taxon
- P. communis L.Pyrus communise0
- Material
- Conferencee3
- Treatment
- a two- or four-week culture under the darke3
- Outcome
- regeneratione3
- Direction
- beneficiale3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“a two- or four-week culture under the dark was beneficial for the regeneration of “Shanli” and “Conference” respectively”
e0“Pyrus ussuriensis Maxim “Shanli” and P. communis L. “Conference””
Claim · model-written summary
The optimal infection time was 12 min for Shanli and 8 min for Conference.
- Taxon
- pearPyrus communist0
- Outcome
- optimal infection timee4
- Value
- 12 and 8 mine4
- Qualifier
- respectivelye4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“The optimal infection time was 12 and 8 min, while the time of the delayed screening test was two and one day for “Shanli” and “Conference” respectively”
t0“transformation in pear”
Claim · model-written summary
The delayed screening test was two days for Shanli and one day for Conference.
- Taxon
- pearPyrus communist0
- Outcome
- time of the delayed screening teste4
- Value
- two and one daye4
- Qualifier
- respectivelye4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“The optimal infection time was 12 and 8 min, while the time of the delayed screening test was two and one day for “Shanli” and “Conference” respectively”
t0“transformation in pear”
Claim · model-written summary
Authors recommend a two-day coculture for both pear accessions.
- Taxon
- pearPyrus communist0
- Outcome
- a coculture of two dayse5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“a coculture of two days was recommended for both accessions”
t0“transformation in pear”
Claim · model-written summary
The optimal post-transformation kanamycin concentration was 16 mg/L.
- Taxon
- pearPyrus communist0
- Compound
- kanamycin (Kan)e6
- Outcome
- optimal concentrations of antibioticse6
- Value
- 16 mg L −1e6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“Post-transformation, the optimal concentrations of antibiotics were 16 mg L −1 kanamycin (Kan), 150 mg L −1 timentin (Tim), and 300 mg L −1 cefotaxime (Cef)”
t0“transformation in pear”
Claim · model-written summary
The optimal post-transformation timentin concentration was 150 mg/L.
- Taxon
- pearPyrus communist0
- Compound
- timentin (Tim)e6
- Outcome
- optimal concentrations of antibioticse6
- Value
- 150 mg L −1e6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“Post-transformation, the optimal concentrations of antibiotics were 16 mg L −1 kanamycin (Kan), 150 mg L −1 timentin (Tim), and 300 mg L −1 cefotaxime (Cef)”
t0“transformation in pear”
Claim · model-written summary
The optimal post-transformation cefotaxime concentration was 300 mg/L.
- Taxon
- pearPyrus communist0
- Compound
- cefotaxime (Cef)e6
- Outcome
- optimal concentrations of antibioticse6
- Value
- 300 mg L −1e6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“Post-transformation, the optimal concentrations of antibiotics were 16 mg L −1 kanamycin (Kan), 150 mg L −1 timentin (Tim), and 300 mg L −1 cefotaxime (Cef)”
t0“transformation in pear”
Claim · model-written summary
The optimized regeneration and transformation system can be an effective alternative for gene function analysis or genetic improvement in pear.
- Taxon
- pearPyrus communise7
- Outcome
- effective alternative for either gene function analysis or genetic improvemente7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“The optimized regeneration and transformation system can be an effective alternative for either gene function analysis or genetic improvement in pear”
The same questions in other papers
light · growth · Pyrus communis (pear)Positive and negative results
3 papers in the same direction as this paper · 4 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- no effect
- negative
4 papers more in this group
See all 8 papers →light · growth · Pyrus ussuriensis (Ussurian pear)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.