Abstract
The enhancing effect of N2-fixing bacterial strains in the presence of mineral N doses on maize plants in pots and field trials was investigated. The OT-H1 of 10 isolates maintained the total nitrogen, nitrogenase activities, IAA production, and detection of NH3 in their cultures. In addition, they highly promoted the germination of maize grains in plastic bags compared to the remainder. Therefore, OT-H1 was subjected for identification and selected for further tests. Based on their morphological, cultural, and biochemical traits, they belonged to the genera Azotobacter. The genomic sequences of 16S rRNA were, thus, used to confirm the identification of the genera. Accordingly, the indexes of tree and similarity for the related bacterial species indicated that genera were exactly closely linked to Azotoacter salinestris strain OR512393. In pot (35 days) and field (120 days) trials, the efficiencies of both A. salinestris and Azospirillum oryzea SWERI 111 (sole/dual) with 100, 75, 50, and 25% mineral N doses were evaluated with completely randomized experimental design and three repetitions. Results indicated that N2-fixing bacteria in the presence of mineral N treatment showed pronounced effects compared to controls. A high value of maize plants was also noticed through increasing the concentration of mineral N and peaked at a dose of 100%. Differences among N2-fixing bacteria were insignificant and were observed for A. oryzea with different mineral N doses. Thus, the utilization of A. oryzea and A. salinestris in their dual mix in the presence of 75 followed by 50% mineral N was found to be the superior treatments, causing the enhancement of vegetative growth and grain yield parameters of maize plants. Additionally, proline and the enzyme activities of both polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and peroxidase (PO) of maize leaves were induced, and high protein contents of maize grains were accumulated due to the superior treatments. The utilization of such N2-fixing bacteria was, therefore, found to be effective at improving soil fertility and to be an environmentally safe strategy instead, or at least with low doses, of chemical fertilizers.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
OT-H1 showed nitrogen-related activities and IAA production in culture.
Zea maysOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Maize Plants”
e0“The OT-H1 of 10 isolates maintained the total nitrogen, nitrogenase activities, IAA production, and detection of NH3 in their cultures”
Claim · model-written summary
OT-H1 promoted maize grain germination more than the other isolates.
- Treatment
- theye0
- Outcome
- germination of maize grainse0
- Direction
- highly promotede0
- Comparator
- the remaindere0
- Setting
- plastic bagse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Maize Plants”
e0“they highly promoted the germination of maize grains in plastic bags compared to the remainder”
Claim · model-written summary
OT-H1 was identified as closely linked to Azotoacter salinestris strain OR512393.
- Interactor
- Azotoacter salinestris strain OR512393e0symbiont
- Outcome
- closely linked to Azotoacter salinestris strain OR512393e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Maize Plants”
e0“genera were exactly closely linked to Azotoacter salinestris strain OR512393”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen-fixing bacteria with mineral N had pronounced effects compared with controls.
- Treatment
- N2-fixing bacteria in the presence of mineral N treatmente0
- Outcome
- pronounced effectse0
- Comparator
- controlse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Maize Plants”
e0“N2-fixing bacteria in the presence of mineral N treatment showed pronounced effects compared to controls”
Claim · model-written summary
Maize response increased with mineral nitrogen concentration and peaked at 100%.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Maize Plants”
e0“A high value of maize plants was also noticed through increasing the concentration of mineral N and peaked at a dose of 100%”
Claim · model-written summary
Differences among nitrogen-fixing bacteria were insignificant.
- Outcome
- Differences among N2-fixing bacteriae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Maize Plants”
e0“Differences among N2-fixing bacteria were insignificant”
Claim · model-written summary
Dual bacterial inoculation with 75% mineral N was a superior treatment for maize vegetative growth and grain yield.
- Treatment
- A. oryzea and A. salinestris in their dual mix in the presence of 75 followed by 50% mineral Ne0
- Interactor
- A. oryzeae0symbiont
- Second interactor
- A. salinestrisAzotobacter salinestrise0symbiont
- Outcome
- vegetative growth and grain yield parameters of maize plantse0
- Direction
- enhancemente0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Maize Plants”
e0“the utilization of A. oryzea and A. salinestris in their dual mix in the presence of 75 followed by 50% mineral N was found to be the superior treatments, causing the enhancement of vegetative growth and grain yield parameters of maize plants”
Claim · model-written summary
The superior treatments induced proline and PPO and PO activities in maize leaves.
- Organ / stage
- maize leavese0
- Treatment
- superior treatmentse0
- Outcome
- proline and the enzyme activities of both polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and peroxidase (PO) of maize leavese0
- Direction
- inducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Maize Plants”
e0“proline and the enzyme activities of both polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and peroxidase (PO) of maize leaves were induced, and high protein contents of maize grains were accumulated due to the superior treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
The superior treatments increased maize grain protein content.
- Organ / stage
- maize grainse0
- Treatment
- superior treatmentse0
- Outcome
- protein contents of maize grainse0
- Direction
- highe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Maize Plants”
e0“high protein contents of maize grains were accumulated due to the superior treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend nitrogen-fixing bacteria to improve soil fertility with reduced chemical fertilizer use.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Maize Plants”
e0“The utilization of such N2-fixing bacteria was, therefore, found to be effective at improving soil fertility and to be an environmentally safe strategy instead, or at least with low doses, of chemical fertilizers”
The same questions in other papers
salinity · yield · Zea mays (maize)Results differ
8 papers in the same direction as this paper · 61 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- negative
- negative
66 papers more in this group
See all 70 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.