Abstract
Exposure of plants to adverse environmental conditions reduces their growth and productivity. Currently, seed priming with phytohormones is considered one of the most reliable and cost-effective approaches that can help alleviate the toxic effects of environmental stress. In this context, the present study aims to investigate the effect of priming alfalfa seeds with salicylic acid (SA) on oxidative stress markers, including malonyldialdehyde, protein content, activities of antioxidant enzymes, and expression of genes encoding these enzymes in leaves and roots of alfalfa (Gabes ecotype) grown under saline stress, iron deficiency, or both. Our results showed that the application of salt stress and iron deficiency separately or simultaneously induces changes in the activities of antioxidant enzymes, but these are organ- and stress-dependent. The Gabes ecotype was able to increase the activities of these enzymes under salt stress to alleviate oxidative damage. Indeed, priming seeds with 100 μM SA significantly increases the enzymatic activities of APX, GPX, CAT, and SOD. Therefore, this concentration can be considered optimal for the induction of iron deficiency tolerance. Our results showed not only that Gabes ecotype was able to tolerate salt stress by maintaining high expression of the Fe-SOD isoform, but also that the pretreatment of seeds with 100 μM SA improved the tolerance of this ecotype to iron deficiency by stimulating Fe-SOD expression and inhibiting CAT and APXc.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record, shown for indexing and research. Copyright remains with the authors or the publisher. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Salt stress and iron deficiency altered antioxidant enzyme activities in an organ- and stress-dependent manner.
- Taxon
- alfalfa
Medicago sativat0 - Treatment
- salt stress and iron deficiencye0
- Outcome
- activities of antioxidant enzymese0
- Qualifier
- organ- and stress-dependente0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the application of salt stress and iron deficiency separately or simultaneously induces changes in the activities of antioxidant enzymes, but these are organ- and stress-dependent”
t0“priming alfalfa seeds”
Claim · model-written summary
The Gabes ecotype increased antioxidant enzyme activities under salt stress.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativat0
- Material
- Gabes ecotypee0
- Treatment
- salt stresse0
- Outcome
- activities of antioxidant enzymest1
- Direction
- increasee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The Gabes ecotype was able to increase the activities of these enzymes under salt stress to alleviate oxidative damage”
t0“priming alfalfa seeds”
t1“changes in the activities of antioxidant enzymes”
Claim · model-written summary
Priming with 100 μM salicylic acid significantly increased APX, GPX, CAT and SOD activities.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativat0
- Treatment
- priming seeds with 100 μM SAe0
- Outcome
- enzymatic activities of APX, GPX, CAT, and SODe0
- Direction
- increasese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“priming seeds with 100 μM SA significantly increases the enzymatic activities of APX, GPX, CAT, and SOD”
t0“priming alfalfa seeds”
Claim · model-written summary
The Gabes ecotype maintained high Fe-SOD expression under salt stress and tolerated it.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativat0
- Material
- Gabes ecotypee0
- Treatment
- salt stresse0
- Gene
- Fe-SOD isoforme0
- Outcome
- expression of the Fe-SOD isoforme0
- Direction
- highe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Gabes ecotype was able to tolerate salt stress by maintaining high expression of the Fe-SOD isoform”
t0“priming alfalfa seeds”
Claim · model-written summary
Priming with 100 μM SA improved iron deficiency tolerance of the Gabes ecotype.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativat0
- Treatment
- pretreatment of seeds with 100 μM SAe0
- Outcome
- tolerance of this ecotype to iron deficiencye0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“pretreatment of seeds with 100 μM SA improved the tolerance of this ecotype to iron deficiency”
t0“priming alfalfa seeds”
Claim · model-written summary
Salicylic acid pretreatment stimulated Fe-SOD expression.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativat0
- Treatment
- pretreatment of seeds with 100 μM SAt1
- Gene
- Fe-SODe0
- Outcome
- Fe-SOD expressione0
- Direction
- stimulatinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“by stimulating Fe-SOD expression and inhibiting CAT and APXc”
t0“priming alfalfa seeds”
t1“pretreatment of seeds with 100 μM SA improved”
Claim · model-written summary
Salicylic acid pretreatment inhibited CAT and APXc.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativat0
- Treatment
- pretreatment of seeds with 100 μM SAt1
- Gene
- CAT and APXce0
- Outcome
- CAT and APXce0
- Direction
- inhibitinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“by stimulating Fe-SOD expression and inhibiting CAT and APXc”
t0“priming alfalfa seeds”
t1“pretreatment of seeds with 100 μM SA improved”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors considered 100 μM SA optimal for inducing iron deficiency tolerance.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativat0
- Treatment
- 100 μM SAt1
- Outcome
- optimal for the induction of iron deficiency tolerancee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“this concentration can be considered optimal for the induction of iron deficiency tolerance”
t0“priming alfalfa seeds”
t1“priming seeds with 100 μM SA”
The same questions in other papers
salicylic acid · physiology: antioxidant enzymes · Medicago sativa (alfalfa)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
salicylic acid · disease · Medicago sativa (alfalfa)Results agree
4 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
1 paper more in this group
See all 5 papers →salicylic acid · molecular: expression · Medicago sativa (alfalfa)Results agree
5 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
2 papers more in this group
See all 6 papers →seed treatment · physiology: antioxidant enzymes · Medicago sativa (alfalfa)Results agree
4 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
1 paper more in this group
See all 5 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.