Abstract
Abstract Zinc solubilizing bacteria inhabiting root endosphere possesses great potential to enhance plant yield by solubilizing the nutrients. The potential of Zn solubilizing bacteria Bacillus sp. SH-10 and Bacillus cereus SH-17 to improve yield and grain zinc content of rice was investigated under different regimes of individual and co-inoculation in the presence and absence of chemical fertilizer zinc sulfate (ZnSO 4 ). The strains were applied to the rice varieties basmati 385 and super basmati under field conditions for two consecutive years. A significantly improved growth of rice plants, such as plant height (102–118 cm), number of tillers per plant (8.5–11.5), chlorophyll content (29.5–35.1), zinc requiring enzymes, i.e., superoxide dismutase (396–570 per gram fresh weight (g −1 FW)), carbonic anhydrase activity (CA) (10–15.06 U g −1 FW) and grain yield (3.0–3.8 tons ha −1 ), was observed in the plants inoculated with Bacillus sp. in the presence of chemical fertilizer (ZnSO 4 ). Consortium of zinc solubilizing bacteria also caused higher grain Zn content (25.0–30.5 mg kg −1 ) of the rice varieties basmati 385 and super basmati as compared to that of un-inoculated plants. Hence, it can be concluded that Zn solubilizing bacteria has immense potential to be used as agricultural crop inoculants as they synergize the effect of chemical Zn, increase yield and improve the nutritional value of crops.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Bacillus inoculation with zinc sulfate significantly improved rice plant height, reaching 102–118 cm.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativat0 - Treatment
- inoculated with Bacillus sp. in the presence of chemical fertilizer (ZnSO 4 )e0
- Interactor
- Bacillus sp.e0symbiont
- Outcome
- plant heighte0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Value
- 102–118 cme0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice (Oryza sativa)”
e0“A significantly improved growth of rice plants, such as plant height (102–118 cm), number of tillers per plant (8.5–11.5), chlorophyll content (29.5–35.1), zinc requiring enzymes, i.e., superoxide dismutase (396–570 per gram fresh weight (g −1 FW)), carbonic anhydrase activity (CA) (10–15.06 U g −1 FW) and grain yield (3.0–3.8 tons ha −1 ), was observed in the plants inoculated with Bacillus sp. in the presence of chemical fertilizer (ZnSO 4 ).”
Claim · model-written summary
Bacillus inoculation with zinc sulfate significantly improved tiller number to 8.5–11.5 per plant.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- inoculated with Bacillus sp. in the presence of chemical fertilizer (ZnSO 4 )e0
- Interactor
- Bacillus sp.e0symbiont
- Outcome
- number of tillers per plante0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Value
- 8.5–11.5e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice (Oryza sativa)”
e0“A significantly improved growth of rice plants, such as plant height (102–118 cm), number of tillers per plant (8.5–11.5), chlorophyll content (29.5–35.1), zinc requiring enzymes, i.e., superoxide dismutase (396–570 per gram fresh weight (g −1 FW)), carbonic anhydrase activity (CA) (10–15.06 U g −1 FW) and grain yield (3.0–3.8 tons ha −1 ), was observed in the plants inoculated with Bacillus sp. in the presence of chemical fertilizer (ZnSO 4 ).”
Claim · model-written summary
Bacillus inoculation with zinc sulfate significantly improved chlorophyll content to 29.5–35.1.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- inoculated with Bacillus sp. in the presence of chemical fertilizer (ZnSO 4 )e0
- Interactor
- Bacillus sp.e0symbiont
- Outcome
- chlorophyll contente0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Value
- 29.5–35.1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice (Oryza sativa)”
e0“A significantly improved growth of rice plants, such as plant height (102–118 cm), number of tillers per plant (8.5–11.5), chlorophyll content (29.5–35.1), zinc requiring enzymes, i.e., superoxide dismutase (396–570 per gram fresh weight (g −1 FW)), carbonic anhydrase activity (CA) (10–15.06 U g −1 FW) and grain yield (3.0–3.8 tons ha −1 ), was observed in the plants inoculated with Bacillus sp. in the presence of chemical fertilizer (ZnSO 4 ).”
Claim · model-written summary
Bacillus inoculation with zinc sulfate significantly improved superoxide dismutase to 396–570 per gram fresh weight.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- inoculated with Bacillus sp. in the presence of chemical fertilizer (ZnSO 4 )e0
- Interactor
- Bacillus sp.e0symbiont
- Gene
- superoxide dismutasee0
- Outcome
- superoxide dismutasee0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Value
- 396–570 per gram fresh weight (g −1 FW)e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice (Oryza sativa)”
e0“A significantly improved growth of rice plants, such as plant height (102–118 cm), number of tillers per plant (8.5–11.5), chlorophyll content (29.5–35.1), zinc requiring enzymes, i.e., superoxide dismutase (396–570 per gram fresh weight (g −1 FW)), carbonic anhydrase activity (CA) (10–15.06 U g −1 FW) and grain yield (3.0–3.8 tons ha −1 ), was observed in the plants inoculated with Bacillus sp. in the presence of chemical fertilizer (ZnSO 4 ).”
Claim · model-written summary
Bacillus inoculation with zinc sulfate significantly improved carbonic anhydrase activity to 10–15.06 U g −1 FW.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- inoculated with Bacillus sp. in the presence of chemical fertilizer (ZnSO 4 )e0
- Interactor
- Bacillus sp.e0symbiont
- Gene
- carbonic anhydrasee0
- Outcome
- carbonic anhydrase activitye0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Value
- 10–15.06 U g −1 FWe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice (Oryza sativa)”
e0“A significantly improved growth of rice plants, such as plant height (102–118 cm), number of tillers per plant (8.5–11.5), chlorophyll content (29.5–35.1), zinc requiring enzymes, i.e., superoxide dismutase (396–570 per gram fresh weight (g −1 FW)), carbonic anhydrase activity (CA) (10–15.06 U g −1 FW) and grain yield (3.0–3.8 tons ha −1 ), was observed in the plants inoculated with Bacillus sp. in the presence of chemical fertilizer (ZnSO 4 ).”
Claim · model-written summary
Bacillus inoculation with zinc sulfate significantly improved grain yield to 3.0–3.8 tons ha −1.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- inoculated with Bacillus sp. in the presence of chemical fertilizer (ZnSO 4 )e0
- Interactor
- Bacillus sp.e0symbiont
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Value
- 3.0–3.8 tons ha −1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice (Oryza sativa)”
e0“A significantly improved growth of rice plants, such as plant height (102–118 cm), number of tillers per plant (8.5–11.5), chlorophyll content (29.5–35.1), zinc requiring enzymes, i.e., superoxide dismutase (396–570 per gram fresh weight (g −1 FW)), carbonic anhydrase activity (CA) (10–15.06 U g −1 FW) and grain yield (3.0–3.8 tons ha −1 ), was observed in the plants inoculated with Bacillus sp. in the presence of chemical fertilizer (ZnSO 4 ).”
Claim · model-written summary
The bacterial consortium raised grain zinc content to 25.0–30.5 mg kg −1 versus uninoculated plants.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- basmati 385 and super basmatie0
- Treatment
- Consortium of zinc solubilizing bacteriae0
- Outcome
- grain Zn contente0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 25.0–30.5 mg kg −1e0
- Comparator
- un-inoculated plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice (Oryza sativa)”
e0“Consortium of zinc solubilizing bacteria also caused higher grain Zn content (25.0–30.5 mg kg −1 ) of the rice varieties basmati 385 and super basmati as compared to that of un-inoculated plants.”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors propose zinc-solubilizing bacteria as crop inoculants to increase yield and nutritional value.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Zn solubilizing bacteriae0
- Outcome
- used as agricultural crop inoculantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice (Oryza sativa)”
e0“Zn solubilizing bacteria has immense potential to be used as agricultural crop inoculants as they synergize the effect of chemical Zn, increase yield and improve the nutritional value of crops.”
The same questions in other papers
zinc sulfate · yield · Oryza sativa (rice)Results differ
143 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
- positive
141 papers more in this group
See all 145 papers →zinc atom · nutrient: content · Oryza sativa (rice)Results differ
253 papers in the same direction as this paper · 21 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- positive
- positive
- positive
272 papers more in this group
See all 276 papers →zinc sulfate · growth · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results
47 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- negative
- positive
46 papers more in this group
See all 50 papers →zinc sulfate · physiology: antioxidant enzymes · Oryza sativa (rice)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
zinc sulfate · physiology: enzyme activity · Oryza sativa (rice)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
zinc sulfate · physiology: pigments · Oryza sativa (rice)Results agree
4 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
1 paper more in this group
See all 5 papers →fertilization · physiology: antioxidant enzymes · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results
20 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- positive
- positive
18 papers more in this group
See all 22 papers →inoculation · physiology: enzyme activity · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results
21 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- positive
- positive
19 papers more in this group
See all 23 papers →8 of 17 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.