Abstract
Phototrophic purple bacteria (PPB) are one group of dinitrogen (N2)-fixing bacteria often found in the anoxic and photic zone of paddy soil. In the present study, the effects of inoculation of PPB on grain yield of rice and changes in their populations and nitrogenase activity were investigated with and without surface application of rice straw in a pot experiment. As an inoculant, Rhodopseudomonas palustris strain KN122 isolated from a paddy soil was selected, and the cell suspension was inoculated into the floodwater once or three times during the cultivation. As a result, the inoculation of PPB increased the grain yield of rice. Compared to the control, the grain yield was 9% higher in the inoculated plot without rice straw application. The treatment was more effective in combination with rice straw application. In the plots where PPB were inoculated with rice straw, grain yields were 21% (single inoculation) and 29% (triple inoculation) higher. Populations of PPB in the plots without rice straw application significantly increased by the inoculation, unlike those in the plots with rice straw application, except for the bulk soil. Phototrophic and heterotrophic nitrogenase activities (acetylene-reducing activity) associated with the soils or residues of the rice straw were not affected by PPB inoculation throughout the experiment. This indicates that the inoculation of PPB into floodwater may not be effective for enhancing N2 fixation in paddy soils and that the beneficial effect of PPB inoculation on the grain yield of rice may be due to unidentified functions of PPB other than biological N2 fixation.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculation of phototrophic purple bacteria increased rice grain yield.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativae1 - Treatment
- inoculation of PPBe1
- Interactor
- PPBe0symbiont
- Outcome
- grain yielde1
- Direction
- increasede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Phototrophic purple bacteria (PPB) are one group of dinitrogen (N2)-fixing bacteria often found in the anoxic and photic zone of paddy soil”
e1“As a result, the inoculation of PPB increased the grain yield of rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculation of PPB without rice straw increased grain yield of rice by 9% compared with the control.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Treatment
- inoculated plot without rice straw applicatione2
- Interactor
- PPBe0symbiont
- Outcome
- grain yielde2
- Direction
- highere2
- Value
- 9%e2
- Comparator
- controle2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Phototrophic purple bacteria (PPB) are one group of dinitrogen (N2)-fixing bacteria often found in the anoxic and photic zone of paddy soil”
e1“As a result, the inoculation of PPB increased the grain yield of rice”
e2“Compared to the control, the grain yield was 9% higher in the inoculated plot without rice straw application”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculating PPB with rice straw increased grain yield of rice by 21% with single inoculation.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Treatment
- inoculated with rice strawe3
- Interactor
- PPBe0symbiont
- Outcome
- grain yieldse3
- Direction
- highere3
- Value
- 21%e3
- Qualifier
- single inoculatione3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Phototrophic purple bacteria (PPB) are one group of dinitrogen (N2)-fixing bacteria often found in the anoxic and photic zone of paddy soil”
e1“As a result, the inoculation of PPB increased the grain yield of rice”
e3“In the plots where PPB were inoculated with rice straw, grain yields were 21% (single inoculation) and 29% (triple inoculation) higher”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculating PPB with rice straw increased grain yield of rice by 29% with triple inoculation.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Treatment
- inoculated with rice strawe3
- Interactor
- PPBe0symbiont
- Outcome
- grain yieldse3
- Direction
- highere3
- Value
- 29%e3
- Qualifier
- triple inoculatione3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Phototrophic purple bacteria (PPB) are one group of dinitrogen (N2)-fixing bacteria often found in the anoxic and photic zone of paddy soil”
e1“As a result, the inoculation of PPB increased the grain yield of rice”
e3“In the plots where PPB were inoculated with rice straw, grain yields were 21% (single inoculation) and 29% (triple inoculation) higher”
Claim · model-written summary
Populations of PPB significantly increased by inoculation in plots without rice straw, unlike plots with rice straw.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Treatment
- inoculatione4
- Interactor
- PPBe4symbiont
- Outcome
- Populations of PPBe4
- Direction
- significantly increasede4
- Qualifier
- without rice straw applicatione4
- Comparator
- plots with rice straw applicatione4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Phototrophic purple bacteria (PPB) are one group of dinitrogen (N2)-fixing bacteria often found in the anoxic and photic zone of paddy soil”
e1“As a result, the inoculation of PPB increased the grain yield of rice”
e4“Populations of PPB in the plots without rice straw application significantly increased by the inoculation, unlike those in the plots with rice straw application, except for the bulk soil”
Claim · model-written summary
PPB inoculation did not affect phototrophic or heterotrophic nitrogenase activities in paddy soil and rice straw residues.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Treatment
- PPB inoculatione5
- Interactor
- PPBe0symbiont
- Outcome
- nitrogenase activities (acetylene-reducing activity)e5
- Direction
- not affectede5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Phototrophic purple bacteria (PPB) are one group of dinitrogen (N2)-fixing bacteria often found in the anoxic and photic zone of paddy soil”
e1“As a result, the inoculation of PPB increased the grain yield of rice”
e5“Phototrophic and heterotrophic nitrogenase activities (acetylene-reducing activity) associated with the soils or residues of the rice straw were not affected by PPB inoculation throughout the experiment”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculation of PPB into floodwater may not be effective for enhancing N2 fixation in paddy soils.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Treatment
- inoculation of PPB into floodwatere6
- Outcome
- enhancing N2 fixation in paddy soilse6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“As a result, the inoculation of PPB increased the grain yield of rice”
e6“This indicates that the inoculation of PPB into floodwater may not be effective for enhancing N2 fixation in paddy soils”
Claim · model-written summary
The beneficial effect of PPB inoculation on rice grain yield may stem from unidentified PPB functions other than N2 fixation.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Outcome
- beneficial effect of PPB inoculation on the grain yield of ricee7
- Qualifier
- unidentified functions of PPB other than biological N2 fixatione7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“As a result, the inoculation of PPB increased the grain yield of rice”
e7“the beneficial effect of PPB inoculation on the grain yield of rice may be due to unidentified functions of PPB other than biological N2 fixation”
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See all 418 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.