Paper · 1971 · Agronomy Journal

Iron and Zinc Response of Chlorotic Rice Grown on Calcareous Soils1

D. G. Westfall; W. B. Anderson; R.J. Hodges

7
claims
14
verbatim quotes
28
citations
2
research areas
—
Not open access

Abstract

Abstract Iron and Zn source and rate experiments were carried out in the field on soils where rice ( Oryza sativa L.) grain yields had been reduced drastically in previous years by seedling chlorosis. Soils where seedling chlorosis occurred were higher in pH, HCO 3 and Ca content and lower in Fe and Zn than adjacent soils where normal growth occurred. Iron sulfate, alone or in combination with ZnSO 4 , was the most effective in correcting seedling chlorosis. A maximum yield increase of over 2,100 kg/ha was obtained with the application of 100 kg/ha of Fe (from Fe 2 (SO 4 ) 3 ). Organic sources of Fe and Zn were less effective in correcting needling chlorosis and producing yield increases.

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The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.

Claims 7

Associationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Chlorotic rice soils had higher pH, bicarbonate and calcium than normal-growth soils.

Outcome
pH, HCO 3 and Ca contente0
Direction
highere0
Comparator
adjacent soils where normal growth occurrede0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Oryza sativa
Oryza sativa · Taxon · picture from its Wikimedia Commons categoryDesmanthus4food · CC BY-SA 3.0 us · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Soils where seedling chlorosis occurred were higher in pH, HCO 3 and Ca content and lower in Fe and Zn than adjacent soils where normal growth occurred.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 201–353 · show in text ↑
t0

“Chlorotic Rice”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 26–40 · show in text ↑
Associationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Chlorotic rice soils had lower iron and zinc than normal-growth soils.

Outcome
Fe and Zne0
Direction
lowere0
Comparator
adjacent soils where normal growth occurrede0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Oryza sativa
Oryza sativa · Taxon · picture from its Wikimedia Commons categoryDesmanthus4food · CC BY-SA 3.0 us · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Soils where seedling chlorosis occurred were higher in pH, HCO 3 and Ca content and lower in Fe and Zn than adjacent soils where normal growth occurred.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 201–353 · show in text ↑
t0

“Chlorotic Rice”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 26–40 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Iron sulfate alone was most effective at correcting seedling chlorosis.

Treatment
Iron sulfate, alonee0
Outcome
seedling chlorosise0
Direction
most effectivee0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Oryza sativa
Oryza sativa · Taxon · picture from its Wikimedia Commons categoryDesmanthus4food · CC BY-SA 3.0 us · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Iron sulfate, alone or in combination with ZnSO 4 , was the most effective in correcting seedling chlorosis.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 354–462 · show in text ↑
t0

“Chlorotic Rice”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 26–40 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Iron sulfate with zinc sulfate was most effective at correcting seedling chlorosis.

Treatment
Iron sulfate, alone or in combination with ZnSO 4e0
Outcome
seedling chlorosise0
Direction
most effectivee0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Oryza sativa
Oryza sativa · Taxon · picture from its Wikimedia Commons categoryDesmanthus4food · CC BY-SA 3.0 us · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Iron sulfate, alone or in combination with ZnSO 4 , was the most effective in correcting seedling chlorosis.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 354–462 · show in text ↑
t0

“Chlorotic Rice”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 26–40 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

100 kg/ha Fe increased yield by more than 2,100 kg/ha at the maximum.

Treatment
application of 100 kg/ha of Fee0
Outcome
yielde0
Direction
increasee0
Value
over 2,100 kg/hae0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Oryza sativa
Oryza sativa · Taxon · picture from its Wikimedia Commons categoryDesmanthus4food · CC BY-SA 3.0 us · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“A maximum yield increase of over 2,100 kg/ha was obtained with the application of 100 kg/ha of Fe (from Fe 2 (SO 4 ) 3 ).”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 463–584 · show in text ↑
t0

“Chlorotic Rice”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 26–40 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Organic Fe and Zn sources corrected chlorosis less effectively.

Treatment
Organic sources of Fe and Zne0
Outcome
needling chlorosise0
Direction
less effectivee0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Oryza sativa
Oryza sativa · Taxon · picture from its Wikimedia Commons categoryDesmanthus4food · CC BY-SA 3.0 us · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Organic sources of Fe and Zn were less effective in correcting needling chlorosis and producing yield increases.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 585–697 · show in text ↑
t0

“Chlorotic Rice”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 26–40 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Organic Fe and Zn sources produced smaller yield increases.

Treatment
Organic sources of Fe and Zne0
Outcome
yield increasese0
Direction
less effectivee0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Oryza sativa
Oryza sativa · Taxon · picture from its Wikimedia Commons categoryDesmanthus4food · CC BY-SA 3.0 us · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Organic sources of Fe and Zn were less effective in correcting needling chlorosis and producing yield increases.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 585–697 · show in text ↑
t0

“Chlorotic Rice”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 26–40 · show in text ↑

iron atom · physiology: pigments · Oryza sativa (rice)Results differ

17 papers: 13 positive, 4 negative or no effect

12 papers in the same direction as this paper · 4 in the opposite direction

  1. no effect
  2. negative
  3. negative

13 papers more in this group

See all 17 papers →

iron atom · yield · Oryza sativa (rice)Results differ

71 papers: 57 positive, 14 negative or no effect

56 papers in the same direction as this paper · 13 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. positive
  2. negative
    Iron toxicity reduced rice yields by 16–78 %, averaging 43 %.

    Rice Yield Gap due to Iron Toxicity in West Africa · 2008 · compared with referential yield obtained in a non‐iron‐toxic site

    Opposite direction

  3. no effect

67 papers more in this group

See all 71 papers →

sulfate · physiology: pigments · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results

5 papers: 3 positive, 2 negative or no effect

2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction

  1. no effect
  2. negative
  3. positive

1 paper more in this group

See all 5 papers →

zinc sulfate · physiology: pigments · Oryza sativa (rice)Results agree

5 papers: 5 positive, 0 negative or no effect

4 papers in the same direction as this paper

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

1 paper more in this group

See all 5 papers →

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.