Influence of Nitrogen and Foliar Application of Nano Zinc on Growth and Yield of Wheat (Triticum aestivum)

Abstract

The field experiment was conducted to find out the effect of Phosphorus and Iron on growth and yield of Wheatduring Rabi2023 at Crop Research Farm, Department of Agronomy, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj (U.P). Totally there were ten treatments which were replicated thrice along with control plot. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design. Results that observed that Significant and higher plant height (91.47 cm), number of tillers / hill (7.60), plant dry weight (25.31 g), number of effective tillers/hill (6.00), grains/spike (49.80), test weight (43.40g), grain yield (5.90 t/ha) and straw yield (7.02 t/ha) and also maximum Gross returns (1,15,460.00INR/ha), Net returns (79,447.00INR/ha) and Benefit cost ratio (2.21) was also recorded in treatment 6 (Nitrogen 125% + Nano zinc 4ml).

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Claims 11

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Treatment 6 (Nitrogen 125% + Nano zinc 4ml) in wheat gave higher plant height, 91.47 cm.

Taxon: WheatTriticum aestivumt0
Treatment: Nitrogen 125% + Nano zinc 4mle1
Outcome: plant heighte1
Direction: highere1
Value: 91.47 cme1

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

*Triticum aestivum* · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e1
“Significant and higher plant height (91.47 cm), number of tillers / hill (7.60), plant dry weight (25.31 g), number of effective tillers/hill (6.00), grains/spike (49.80), test weight (43.40g), grain yield (5.90 t/ha) and straw yield (7.02 t/ha) and also maximum Gross returns (1,15,460.00INR/ha), Net returns (79,447.00INR/ha) and Benefit cost ratio (2.21) was also recorded in treatment 6 (Nitrogen 125% + Nano zinc 4ml)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 429–851 · show in text ↑

t0
“Wheat (Triticum aestivum)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 81–106 · show in text ↑

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Treatment 6 (Nitrogen 125% + Nano zinc 4ml) in wheat gave higher number of tillers / hill, 7.60.

Taxon: WheatTriticum aestivumt0
Treatment: Nitrogen 125% + Nano zinc 4mle1
Outcome: number of tillers / hille1
Direction: highere1
Value: 7.60e1

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim

e1
“Significant and higher plant height (91.47 cm), number of tillers / hill (7.60), plant dry weight (25.31 g), number of effective tillers/hill (6.00), grains/spike (49.80), test weight (43.40g), grain yield (5.90 t/ha) and straw yield (7.02 t/ha) and also maximum Gross returns (1,15,460.00INR/ha), Net returns (79,447.00INR/ha) and Benefit cost ratio (2.21) was also recorded in treatment 6 (Nitrogen 125% + Nano zinc 4ml)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 429–851 · show in text ↑

t0
“Wheat (Triticum aestivum)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 81–106 · show in text ↑

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Treatment 6 (Nitrogen 125% + Nano zinc 4ml) in wheat gave higher plant dry weight, 25.31 g.

Taxon: WheatTriticum aestivumt0
Treatment: Nitrogen 125% + Nano zinc 4mle1
Outcome: plant dry weighte1
Direction: highere1
Value: 25.31 ge1

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim

e1
“Significant and higher plant height (91.47 cm), number of tillers / hill (7.60), plant dry weight (25.31 g), number of effective tillers/hill (6.00), grains/spike (49.80), test weight (43.40g), grain yield (5.90 t/ha) and straw yield (7.02 t/ha) and also maximum Gross returns (1,15,460.00INR/ha), Net returns (79,447.00INR/ha) and Benefit cost ratio (2.21) was also recorded in treatment 6 (Nitrogen 125% + Nano zinc 4ml)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 429–851 · show in text ↑

t0
“Wheat (Triticum aestivum)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 81–106 · show in text ↑

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Treatment 6 (Nitrogen 125% + Nano zinc 4ml) in wheat gave higher number of effective tillers/hill, 6.00.

Taxon: WheatTriticum aestivumt0
Treatment: Nitrogen 125% + Nano zinc 4mle1
Outcome: number of effective tillers/hille1
Direction: highere1
Value: 6.00e1

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim

e1
“Significant and higher plant height (91.47 cm), number of tillers / hill (7.60), plant dry weight (25.31 g), number of effective tillers/hill (6.00), grains/spike (49.80), test weight (43.40g), grain yield (5.90 t/ha) and straw yield (7.02 t/ha) and also maximum Gross returns (1,15,460.00INR/ha), Net returns (79,447.00INR/ha) and Benefit cost ratio (2.21) was also recorded in treatment 6 (Nitrogen 125% + Nano zinc 4ml)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 429–851 · show in text ↑

t0
“Wheat (Triticum aestivum)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 81–106 · show in text ↑

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Treatment 6 (Nitrogen 125% + Nano zinc 4ml) in wheat gave higher grains/spike, 49.80.

Taxon: WheatTriticum aestivumt0
Treatment: Nitrogen 125% + Nano zinc 4mle1
Outcome: grains/spikee1
Direction: highere1
Value: 49.80e1

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim

e1
“Significant and higher plant height (91.47 cm), number of tillers / hill (7.60), plant dry weight (25.31 g), number of effective tillers/hill (6.00), grains/spike (49.80), test weight (43.40g), grain yield (5.90 t/ha) and straw yield (7.02 t/ha) and also maximum Gross returns (1,15,460.00INR/ha), Net returns (79,447.00INR/ha) and Benefit cost ratio (2.21) was also recorded in treatment 6 (Nitrogen 125% + Nano zinc 4ml)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 429–851 · show in text ↑

t0
“Wheat (Triticum aestivum)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 81–106 · show in text ↑

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Treatment 6 (Nitrogen 125% + Nano zinc 4ml) in wheat gave higher test weight, 43.40g.

Taxon: WheatTriticum aestivumt0
Treatment: Nitrogen 125% + Nano zinc 4mle1
Outcome: test weighte1
Direction: highere1
Value: 43.40ge1

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim

e1
“Significant and higher plant height (91.47 cm), number of tillers / hill (7.60), plant dry weight (25.31 g), number of effective tillers/hill (6.00), grains/spike (49.80), test weight (43.40g), grain yield (5.90 t/ha) and straw yield (7.02 t/ha) and also maximum Gross returns (1,15,460.00INR/ha), Net returns (79,447.00INR/ha) and Benefit cost ratio (2.21) was also recorded in treatment 6 (Nitrogen 125% + Nano zinc 4ml)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 429–851 · show in text ↑

t0
“Wheat (Triticum aestivum)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 81–106 · show in text ↑

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Treatment 6 (Nitrogen 125% + Nano zinc 4ml) in wheat gave higher grain yield, 5.90 t/ha.

Taxon: WheatTriticum aestivumt0
Treatment: Nitrogen 125% + Nano zinc 4mle1
Outcome: grain yielde1
Direction: highere1
Value: 5.90 t/hae1

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim

e1
“Significant and higher plant height (91.47 cm), number of tillers / hill (7.60), plant dry weight (25.31 g), number of effective tillers/hill (6.00), grains/spike (49.80), test weight (43.40g), grain yield (5.90 t/ha) and straw yield (7.02 t/ha) and also maximum Gross returns (1,15,460.00INR/ha), Net returns (79,447.00INR/ha) and Benefit cost ratio (2.21) was also recorded in treatment 6 (Nitrogen 125% + Nano zinc 4ml)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 429–851 · show in text ↑

t0
“Wheat (Triticum aestivum)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 81–106 · show in text ↑

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Treatment 6 (Nitrogen 125% + Nano zinc 4ml) in wheat gave higher straw yield, 7.02 t/ha.

Taxon: WheatTriticum aestivumt0
Treatment: Nitrogen 125% + Nano zinc 4mle1
Outcome: straw yielde1
Direction: highere1
Value: 7.02 t/hae1

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim

e1
“Significant and higher plant height (91.47 cm), number of tillers / hill (7.60), plant dry weight (25.31 g), number of effective tillers/hill (6.00), grains/spike (49.80), test weight (43.40g), grain yield (5.90 t/ha) and straw yield (7.02 t/ha) and also maximum Gross returns (1,15,460.00INR/ha), Net returns (79,447.00INR/ha) and Benefit cost ratio (2.21) was also recorded in treatment 6 (Nitrogen 125% + Nano zinc 4ml)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 429–851 · show in text ↑

t0
“Wheat (Triticum aestivum)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 81–106 · show in text ↑

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Treatment 6 (Nitrogen 125% + Nano zinc 4ml) in wheat gave maximum Gross returns, 1,15,460.00INR/ha.

Taxon: WheatTriticum aestivumt0
Treatment: Nitrogen 125% + Nano zinc 4mle1
Outcome: Gross returnse1
Direction: maximume1
Value: 1,15,460.00INR/hae1

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim

e1
“Significant and higher plant height (91.47 cm), number of tillers / hill (7.60), plant dry weight (25.31 g), number of effective tillers/hill (6.00), grains/spike (49.80), test weight (43.40g), grain yield (5.90 t/ha) and straw yield (7.02 t/ha) and also maximum Gross returns (1,15,460.00INR/ha), Net returns (79,447.00INR/ha) and Benefit cost ratio (2.21) was also recorded in treatment 6 (Nitrogen 125% + Nano zinc 4ml)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 429–851 · show in text ↑

t0
“Wheat (Triticum aestivum)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 81–106 · show in text ↑

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Treatment 6 (Nitrogen 125% + Nano zinc 4ml) in wheat gave maximum Net returns, 79,447.00INR/ha.

Taxon: WheatTriticum aestivumt0
Treatment: Nitrogen 125% + Nano zinc 4mle1
Outcome: Net returnse1
Direction: maximume1
Value: 79,447.00INR/hae1

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim

e1
“Significant and higher plant height (91.47 cm), number of tillers / hill (7.60), plant dry weight (25.31 g), number of effective tillers/hill (6.00), grains/spike (49.80), test weight (43.40g), grain yield (5.90 t/ha) and straw yield (7.02 t/ha) and also maximum Gross returns (1,15,460.00INR/ha), Net returns (79,447.00INR/ha) and Benefit cost ratio (2.21) was also recorded in treatment 6 (Nitrogen 125% + Nano zinc 4ml)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 429–851 · show in text ↑

t0
“Wheat (Triticum aestivum)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 81–106 · show in text ↑

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Treatment 6 (Nitrogen 125% + Nano zinc 4ml) in wheat gave maximum Benefit cost ratio, 2.21.

Taxon: WheatTriticum aestivumt0
Treatment: Nitrogen 125% + Nano zinc 4mle1
Outcome: Benefit cost ratioe1
Direction: maximume1
Value: 2.21e1

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim

e1
“Significant and higher plant height (91.47 cm), number of tillers / hill (7.60), plant dry weight (25.31 g), number of effective tillers/hill (6.00), grains/spike (49.80), test weight (43.40g), grain yield (5.90 t/ha) and straw yield (7.02 t/ha) and also maximum Gross returns (1,15,460.00INR/ha), Net returns (79,447.00INR/ha) and Benefit cost ratio (2.21) was also recorded in treatment 6 (Nitrogen 125% + Nano zinc 4ml)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 429–851 · show in text ↑

t0
“Wheat (Triticum aestivum)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 81–106 · show in text ↑

zinc atom · quality: grain · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Results differ

20 papers: 17 positive, 3 negative or no effect

16 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction

no effect
Combining foliar Zn with N, P or K did not adversely affect grain yield and other nutritional quality.
Effects of Zn, macronutrients, and their interactions through foliar applications on winter wheat grain nutritional quality · 2017
Opposite direction
negative
Zn-EDTA gave the opposite test weight result to ZnSO4.
Zinc Enrichment in Two Contrasting Genotypes of Triticum aestivum L. Grains: Interactions between Edaphic Conditions and Foliar Fertilizers · 2021 · compared with ZnSO4
Opposite direction
no effect
Zinc fertilization had no effect on test weight.
Effect of Zinc on Some Grain Quality Parameters in Bread and Durum Wheat Cultivars · 2016
Opposite direction

16 papers more in this group

See all 20 papers →

zinc atom · growth · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Results differ

200 papers: 155 positive, 45 negative or no effect

154 papers in the same direction as this paper · 43 in the opposite direction · 2 reporting no difference from an alternative

no effect
Surfactant with chelated zinc sprays did not cause negative wheat growth effects.
Zinc Mobility in Wheat: Uptake and Distribution of Zinc Applied to Leaves or Roots · 2001
Opposite direction
no effect
Wheat plants with low Mn or low Zn supply showed no growth differences from controls at the three harvests.
Distribution and remobilization of Zn and Mn during grain development in wheat · 1994 · compared with controls (sufficient Zn and Mn)
Opposite directionAbout lacking this nutrient, so it counts the other way round
negative
The 300 Zn treatment decreased shoot and root growth.
Analysis of Triticum aestivum seedling response to the excess of zinc · 2015
Opposite direction

196 papers more in this group

See all 200 papers →

zinc atom · yield · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Results differ

511 papers: 456 positive, 55 negative or no effect

455 papers in the same direction as this paper · 49 in the opposite direction · 6 reporting no difference from an alternative

no effect
Zinc application yielded hardly any benefit.
Landscape positions dictating crop fertilizer responses in wheat-based farming systems of East African Highlands · 2020
Opposite direction
negative
Zinc inhibited non mycorrhizal wheat root dry yield.
Arbuscular mycorrhizal strategy for zinc mycoremediation and diminished translocation to shoots and grains in wheat · 2017
Opposite direction
no effect
Foliar Zn had no significant effect on wheat grain yield.
Foliar zinc fertilization improves the zinc nutritional value of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) grain · 2011
Opposite direction

507 papers more in this group

See all 511 papers →

nitrogen · quality: grain · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Results differ

96 papers: 70 positive, 26 negative or no effect

69 papers in the same direction as this paper · 26 in the opposite direction

no effect
Increasing nitrogen fertility did not affect milling yield.
Managing Irrigation and Nitrogen Fertility of Hard Spring Wheats for Optimum Bread and Noodle Quality · 2005
Opposite direction
negative
High nitrogen reduced test weight, grain weight and diameter.
White Wheat Grain Quality Changes with Genotype, Nitrogen Fertilization, and Water Stress · 2008
Opposite direction
negative
Fiber content in endosperm significantly increased.
Impacts of Nitrogen Deficiency on Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Grain During the Medium Filling Stage: Transcriptomic and Metabolomic Comparisons · 2021
Opposite directionAbout lacking this nutrient, so it counts the other way round

92 papers more in this group

See all 96 papers →

nanoparticle · quality: grain · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results

22 papers: 20 positive, 2 negative or no effect

19 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction

no effect
NP and FYM combinations did not significantly affect wheat test weight, PSI or percent flour yield.
Wheat production and quality affected by different combinations of fertilizer NP and farm yard manure in rainfed area. · 2010
Opposite direction
no effect
Spike length and test weight were higher with 100% RDN and nano urea at tillering, but the difference was not significant.
Effect of different nitrogen levels and nano urea on growth and yield attributes of wheat under mid hills of Himachal Pradesh · 2024
Opposite direction
positive
Zinc oxide nanoparticles improved wheat grain quality and yield under drought.
Ameliorating Drought Effects in Wheat Using an Exclusive or Co-Applied Rhizobacteria and ZnO Nanoparticles · 2022 · compared with stressed treatments
Same direction

18 papers more in this group

See all 22 papers →

nanoparticle · growth · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results

168 papers: 146 positive, 22 negative or no effect

145 papers in the same direction as this paper · 20 in the opposite direction · 2 reporting no difference from an alternative

negative
wheat growth was reduced by Ag2S-NPs by up to 52% after two weeks.
Silver sulfide nanoparticles (Ag₂S-NPs) are taken up by plants and are phytotoxic · 2015
Opposite direction
negative
High nanoparticle concentrations decreased root and shoot fresh weight.
Effects of silicon oxide nanoparticles on growth and physiology of wheat seedlings · 2016
Opposite direction
no effect
Camphor nanoemulsion had no reported effect on seed germination or seedling growth.
Nanoemulsion of Camphor (Eucalyptus globulus) Essential Oil, Formulation, Characterization and Insecticidal Activity against Wheat Weevil, Sitophilus granarius · 2017
Opposite direction

164 papers more in this group

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nanoparticle · yield · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results

260 papers: 242 positive, 18 negative or no effect

241 papers in the same direction as this paper · 18 in the opposite direction

negative
The higher nano iron oxide rate decreased those three traits.
Effect of foliar application of nano-iron oxidase, iron chelate and iron sulphate rates on yield and quality of wheat. · 2013
Opposite direction
negative
Nitrogen fertilizer treatments showed significant annual wheat yield declines of 76 to 114 kg ha−1 yr−1.
Effects of Inorganic Fertilizer Inputs on Grain Yields and Soil Properties in a Long‐Term Wheat–Corn Cropping System in South China · 2008
Opposite direction
negative
Wheat yield declined by 84.7 kg/ha/yr under NP fertilization
Trends in grain yields and soil organic C in a long‐term fertilization experiment in the China Loess Plateau · 2008
Opposite direction

256 papers more in this group

See all 260 papers →

nitrogen · growth · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results

551 papers: 426 positive, 125 negative or no effect

425 papers in the same direction as this paper · 116 in the opposite direction · 9 reporting no difference from an alternative

negative
High ammonium inhibited wheat cell growth.
The Effects of Amino Acids and Ammonium on the Growth of Plant Cells in Suspension Culture · 1970
Opposite direction
no effect
Urea added to ZnO foliar spray had no effect on shoot growth.
Zinc Mobility in Wheat: Uptake and Distribution of Zinc Applied to Leaves or Roots · 2001
Opposite direction
negative
When wheat received nitrate rather than ammonium, CO2 enhancement of shoot growth was halved.
Nitrogen assimilation and growth of wheat under elevated carbon dioxide · 2002
Opposite direction

547 papers more in this group

See all 551 papers →

8 of 9 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.

Abstract

Claims 11

The same questions in other papers

zinc atom · quality: grain · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Results differ

zinc atom · growth · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Results differ

zinc atom · yield · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Results differ

nitrogen · quality: grain · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Results differ

nanoparticle · quality: grain · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results

nanoparticle · growth · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results

nanoparticle · yield · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results

nitrogen · growth · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results