Abstract
A field experiment was conducted during the rainy season of 2013 at the research farm of the ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi to evaluate the performance of sequential application of herbicides for weed management in greengram [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek]. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design with 3 replications. The weed control treatments (12) were: pendimethalin @ 1 kg/ha pre-emergence (PE), pendimethalin @ 1 kg/ha PE + 1 HW at 30 days after sowing (DAS), pendimethalin @ 0.75 kg/ha PE + imazethapyr @ 50g/ha post-emergence (POE) at 30 DAS, pendimethalin @ 0.75 kg/ha PE + imazethapyr @ 75g/ha POE at 30 DAS, imazethapyr @ 50 g/ha POE at 20 DAS, imazethapyr @ 75 g/ha POE at 20 DAS, pendimethalin @ 0.75 kg/ha PE + quizalofop @ 50g/ha POE at 30 DAS, pendimethalin @ 0.75 kg/ha PE + quizalofop @ 75g/ha POE at 30 DAS, quizalofop @ 50 g/ha POE at 20 DAS, quizalofop @ 75 g/ha POE at 20 DAS, weed free and weedy check. Sequential application of herbicides was more effective than their one time application either PE or POE in suppressing weed growth in terms of density and dry weight. Pendimethalin @ 1 kg/ha PE + 1 HW at 30 DAS resulted in highest seed yield (1.10 t/ha), weed control efficiency (75.21%), lowest weed dry weight (6.02 g/m2), weed density (7.06 no/m2) and weed index (8.33%). However, this treatment did not differ significantly from pendimethalin @ 0.75 kg/ha PE + imazethapyr @ 75g/ha POE at 30 DAS. Therefore, sequential application of herbicides can be an effective alternative to manage weeds in greengram.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Sequential herbicide application was more effective than a single application in suppressing weed growth in greengram.
- Taxon
- greengram
.jpg?width=60)
Vigna radiata var. radiatae0 - Treatment
- Sequential application of herbicidese2
- Interactor
- weede2weed
- Outcome
- weed growthe2
- Direction
- more effectivee2
- Comparator
- their one time application either PE or POEe2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“weed management in greengram [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek]”
e2“Sequential application of herbicides was more effective than their one time application either PE or POE in suppressing weed growth in terms of density and dry weight”
Claim · model-written summary
Pendimethalin 1 kg/ha PE plus one hand weeding at 30 DAS gave the highest greengram seed yield, 1.10 t/ha.
- Taxon
- greengramVigna radiata var. radiatae0
- Treatment
- Pendimethalin @ 1 kg/ha PE + 1 HW at 30 DASe3
- Outcome
- seed yielde3
- Direction
- higheste3
- Value
- 1.10 t/hae3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“weed management in greengram [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek]”
e3“Pendimethalin @ 1 kg/ha PE + 1 HW at 30 DAS resulted in highest seed yield (1.10 t/ha), weed control efficiency (75.21%), lowest weed dry weight (6.02 g/m2), weed density (7.06 no/m2) and weed index (8.33%)”
Claim · model-written summary
Pendimethalin 1 kg/ha PE plus one hand weeding at 30 DAS gave a weed control efficiency of 75.21%.
- Taxon
- greengramVigna radiata var. radiatae0
- Treatment
- Pendimethalin @ 1 kg/ha PE + 1 HW at 30 DASe3
- Interactor
- weede3weed
- Outcome
- weed control efficiencye3
- Direction
- higherinferrede3
- Value
- 75.21%e3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“weed management in greengram [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek]”
e3“Pendimethalin @ 1 kg/ha PE + 1 HW at 30 DAS resulted in highest seed yield (1.10 t/ha), weed control efficiency (75.21%), lowest weed dry weight (6.02 g/m2), weed density (7.06 no/m2) and weed index (8.33%)”
Claim · model-written summary
Pendimethalin 1 kg/ha PE plus one hand weeding at 30 DAS gave the lowest weed dry weight, 6.02 g/m2.
- Taxon
- greengramVigna radiata var. radiatae0
- Treatment
- Pendimethalin @ 1 kg/ha PE + 1 HW at 30 DASe3
- Interactor
- weede3weed
- Outcome
- weed dry weighte3
- Direction
- loweste3
- Value
- 6.02 g/m2e3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“weed management in greengram [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek]”
e3“Pendimethalin @ 1 kg/ha PE + 1 HW at 30 DAS resulted in highest seed yield (1.10 t/ha), weed control efficiency (75.21%), lowest weed dry weight (6.02 g/m2), weed density (7.06 no/m2) and weed index (8.33%)”
Claim · model-written summary
Pendimethalin 1 kg/ha PE plus one hand weeding at 30 DAS gave the lowest weed density, 7.06 no/m2.
- Taxon
- greengramVigna radiata var. radiatae0
- Treatment
- Pendimethalin @ 1 kg/ha PE + 1 HW at 30 DASe3
- Interactor
- weede3weed
- Outcome
- weed densitye3
- Direction
- lowerinferrede3
- Value
- 7.06 no/m2e3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“weed management in greengram [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek]”
e3“Pendimethalin @ 1 kg/ha PE + 1 HW at 30 DAS resulted in highest seed yield (1.10 t/ha), weed control efficiency (75.21%), lowest weed dry weight (6.02 g/m2), weed density (7.06 no/m2) and weed index (8.33%)”
Claim · model-written summary
Pendimethalin 1 kg/ha PE plus one hand weeding at 30 DAS gave the lowest weed index, 8.33%.
- Taxon
- greengramVigna radiata var. radiatae0
- Treatment
- Pendimethalin @ 1 kg/ha PE + 1 HW at 30 DASe3
- Interactor
- weede3weed
- Outcome
- weed indexe3
- Direction
- lowerinferrede3
- Value
- 8.33%e3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“weed management in greengram [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek]”
e3“Pendimethalin @ 1 kg/ha PE + 1 HW at 30 DAS resulted in highest seed yield (1.10 t/ha), weed control efficiency (75.21%), lowest weed dry weight (6.02 g/m2), weed density (7.06 no/m2) and weed index (8.33%)”
Claim · model-written summary
Pendimethalin 0.75 kg/ha PE plus imazethapyr 75 g/ha POE at 30 DAS did not differ significantly from the highest-yielding treatment.
- Taxon
- greengramVigna radiata var. radiatae0
- Treatment
- this treatmente4
- Direction
- did not differ significantlye4
- Comparator
- pendimethalin @ 0.75 kg/ha PE + imazethapyr @ 75g/ha POE at 30 DASe4
Not reportedOutcome
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“weed management in greengram [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek]”
e4“However, this treatment did not differ significantly from pendimethalin @ 0.75 kg/ha PE + imazethapyr @ 75g/ha POE at 30 DAS”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend sequential herbicide application as an effective alternative to manage weeds in greengram.
- Taxon
- greengramVigna radiata var. radiatae0
- Outcome
- manage weedse5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“weed management in greengram [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek]”
e5“Therefore, sequential application of herbicides can be an effective alternative to manage weeds in greengram”
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