Abstract
Drought is one of the most significant abiotic stress threatening to crop production worldwide. Soybean is a major legume crop with immense economic significance, but its production is highly dependent on optimum rainfall or abundant irrigation. As the global climate changes, it is more important to find solutions to make plants more resilient to drought. The prime aimed of the study is to investigate the effect of melatonin on drought tolerance in soybean and its potential mechanisms. Soybean seedlings were treated with 20% polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG 6000) and subjected to osmotic stress (14 days) with or without 100 μM melatonin treatment. Our results revealed that melatonin supplementation significantly mitigated PEG-induced growth retardation and increased water absorption ability. Foliar application of melatonin also increased gas exchange and the chlorophyll fluorescence attributes by the mitigation of the osmotic-induced reduction of the reaction activity of photosystems I and II, net photosynthetic rate (Pn), stomatal conductance (Gs), transpiration rate (Tr), electron transport activity, and photosynthetic efficiency. In addition, PEG-induced elevated production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) content were significantly reversed by melatonin treatment. Equally important, melatonin boosted the antioxidant activities of soybean plants. Moreover, osmotic stress substantially increased abscisic acid (ABA) accumulation in roots and leaves, while melatonin-received plant leaves accumulated less ABA but roots content higher ABA. Similarly, melatonin significantly suppressed ABA biosynthesis and signaling gene expression in soybean exposed to drought stress. Furthermore, osmotic stress significantly suppressed plasmalemma ( GmPIPs ) and tonoplast aquaporin ( GmTIPs ) genes expression, and their transcript abundance was up-regulated by melatonin co-addition. Taken together, our results indicated that melatonin potentially improves drought tolerance of soybean through the regulation of ABA and aquaporin gene expression, increasing photosynthetic efficiency as well as enhancing water uptake efficiency.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Melatonin mitigated PEG-induced growth retardation in soybean.
- Taxon
- soybean
Glycine maxt0 - Treatment
- melatonin supplementatione0
- Outcome
- growth retardatione0
- Direction
- mitigatede0
- Comparator
- PEG-inducede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“melatonin supplementation significantly mitigated PEG-induced growth retardation”
t0“soybean seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Melatonin increased water absorption ability.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- melatonine1
- Outcome
- water absorption abilitye0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“increased water absorption ability”
e1“melatonin supplementation significantly mitigated PEG-induced growth retardation and increased water absorption ability”
t0“soybean seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Melatonin increased gas exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence attributes.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- melatonine0
- Outcome
- gas exchange and the chlorophyll fluorescence attributese0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Foliar application of melatonin also increased gas exchange and the chlorophyll fluorescence attributes”
t0“soybean seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Melatonin reversed elevated ROS production and MDA content under PEG stress.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- melatonin treatmente0
- Outcome
- production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) contente0
- Direction
- reversede0
- Comparator
- PEG-inducede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“PEG-induced elevated production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) content were significantly reversed by melatonin treatment”
t0“soybean seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Melatonin boosted antioxidant activities.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- melatonine0
- Outcome
- antioxidant activitiese0
- Direction
- boostede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“melatonin boosted the antioxidant activities of soybean plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Osmotic stress increased ABA accumulation in roots and leaves.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Organ / stage
- roots and leavese0
- Treatment
- osmotic stresse0
- Outcome
- abscisic acid (ABA) accumulatione0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“osmotic stress substantially increased abscisic acid (ABA) accumulation in roots and leaves”
t0“soybean seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Melatonin treated leaves accumulated less ABA.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“melatonin-received plant leaves accumulated less ABA”
t0“soybean seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Melatonin treated roots had higher ABA content.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“roots content higher ABA”
t0“soybean seedlings”
e1“melatonin-received plant leaves accumulated less ABA but roots content higher ABA”
Claim · model-written summary
Melatonin suppressed ABA biosynthesis and signaling gene expression.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- melatonine0
- Outcome
- ABA biosynthesis and signaling gene expressione0
- Direction
- suppressede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“melatonin significantly suppressed ABA biosynthesis and signaling gene expression in soybean exposed to drought stress”
Claim · model-written summary
Osmotic stress suppressed aquaporin gene expression.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- osmotic stresse0
- Gene
- GmPIPse0
- Outcome
- genes expressione0
- Direction
- suppressede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“osmotic stress significantly suppressed plasmalemma ( GmPIPs ) and tonoplast aquaporin ( GmTIPs ) genes expression”
t0“soybean seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Melatonin increased aquaporin transcript abundance.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- melatonin co-additione0
- Outcome
- transcript abundancee0
- Direction
- up-regulatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“their transcript abundance was up-regulated by melatonin co-addition”
t0“soybean seedlings”
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