Abstract
A morphometric and molecular characterization of Brevipalpus sp. close to the group of cryptic species within Brevipalpus californicus s.l. bearing only one solenidion on tarsus II was conducted, and its capacity to acquire and inoculate citrus leprosis virus C (CiLV-C) and orchid fleck virus, strain-citrus (OFV-citrus), was determined. For the morphometric study, photomicrographs of mites from two colonies kept in the laboratory were taken: one derived from a single female of the aberrant Brevipalpus that was collected on citrus in Tetipac, Guerrero State, Mexico and provisionally designated as Brevipalpus sp. (Tetipac); another derived from a single female collected in Texcoco, Mexico State [hereafter, B. californicus (Texcoco)]. The observed characteristics were compared with slide-mounted specimens of B. lewisi McGregor and B. californicus Baker from their respective type series. From specimens of each species, 37 morphometric characters were evaluated and compared using univariate and multivariate analysis (principal components and clusters). In the molecular characterization, specimens of Brevipalpus sp. (Tetipac) and B. californicus (Texcoco) were used. Phylogenetic analyses were conducted based on two segments of the COI and one of the 28S genes. Acquisition and inoculation tests of CiLV-C and OFV-citrus were carried out using larvae, nymphs, and adult females of Brevipalpus sp. (Tetipac), on the indicator plants Phaseolus vulgaris L. (Fabaceae), Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh. (Brassicaceae), and sweet orange [Citrus x sinensis (L.) Osbeck. ‘Valencia’; Rutaceae]. In this last host, B. californicus (Texcoco) and B. yothersi were added as controls. To detect these viruses, specific primers for each of them were used. Univariate analyses showed that only 17 morphological characters were significantly different among mite species. The multivariate analysis showed that Brevipalpus sp. (Tetipac) and B. californicus (Texcoco) are not separate entities; therefore, both were determined as B. californicus s.l. The molecular characterization showed similar results. In the acquisition tests, only two of the 90 replicates were positive for CiLV-C, whereas 84 of the 90 replicates were positive for OFV-citrus. In the inoculation tests, symptoms did not appear in the indicator plants A. thaliana and P. vulgaris after being infested with Brevipalpus sp. (Tetipac) carrying the OFV-citrus. Small nuclear-leprosis-like lesions were only observed on C. sinensis after infestation by viruliferous Brevipalpus sp. (Tetipac). However, RT-PCR did not confirm the presence of OFV-citrus in these plants. In contrast, control plants infested with viruliferous B. californicus (Texcoco) developed leprosis symptoms and the presence of OFV-citrus was confirmed by RT-PCR.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
The aberrant mite and Texcoco mite were one species in multivariate analysis.
- Interactor
- Brevipalpus sp. (Tetipac)
Brevipalpus sp.e0pest - Outcome
- not separate entitiese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The multivariate analysis showed that Brevipalpus sp. (Tetipac) and B. californicus (Texcoco) are not separate entities; therefore, both were determined as B. californicus s.l.”
t0“citrus leprosis viruses”
Claim · model-written summary
Only two of 90 acquisition replicates were positive for CiLV-C.
- Interactor
- CiLV-CCitrus leprosis virus Ce0pathogen
- Outcome
- positive for CiLV-Ce0
- Value
- two of the 90 replicatese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“only two of the 90 replicates were positive for CiLV-C”
t0“citrus leprosis viruses”
Claim · model-written summary
Eighty-four of 90 acquisition replicates were positive for OFV-citrus.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“84 of the 90 replicates were positive for OFV-citrus”
t0“citrus leprosis viruses”
Claim · model-written summary
A. thaliana showed no symptoms following infestation with OFV-citrus-carrying mites.
- Taxon
- A. thaliana
Arabidopsis thalianae0 - Treatment
- infested with Brevipalpus sp. (Tetipac) carrying the OFV-citruse0
- Interactor
- OFV-citruse0pathogen
- Second interactor
- Brevipalpus sp. (Tetipac)Brevipalpus sp.e0pest
- Outcome
- symptomse0
- Direction
- did not appeare0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“symptoms did not appear in the indicator plants A. thaliana and P. vulgaris after being infested with Brevipalpus sp. (Tetipac) carrying the OFV-citrus”
Claim · model-written summary
P. vulgaris showed no symptoms following infestation with OFV-citrus-carrying mites.
- Taxon
- P. vulgaris
Phaseolus vulgarise0 - Treatment
- infested with Brevipalpus sp. (Tetipac) carrying the OFV-citruse0
- Interactor
- OFV-citruse0pathogen
- Second interactor
- Brevipalpus sp. (Tetipac)Brevipalpus sp.e0pest
- Outcome
- symptomse0
- Direction
- did not appeare0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“symptoms did not appear in the indicator plants A. thaliana and P. vulgaris after being infested with Brevipalpus sp. (Tetipac) carrying the OFV-citrus”
Claim · model-written summary
C. sinensis developed small nuclear-leprosis-like lesions after viruliferous mite infestation.
- Taxon
- C. sinensis
Citrus sinensise0 - Treatment
- infestation by viruliferous Brevipalpus sp. (Tetipac)e0
- Interactor
- Brevipalpus sp. (Tetipac)Brevipalpus sp.e0pest
- Outcome
- Small nuclear-leprosis-like lesionse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Small nuclear-leprosis-like lesions were only observed on C. sinensis after infestation by viruliferous Brevipalpus sp. (Tetipac)”
Claim · model-written summary
RT-PCR did not confirm OFV-citrus in the infested plants.
- Taxon
- C. sinensisCitrus sinensist0
- Interactor
- OFV-citruse0pathogen
- Outcome
- presence of OFV-citruse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“RT-PCR did not confirm the presence of OFV-citrus in these plants”
t0“C. sinensis after infestation by viruliferous Brevipalpus sp. (Tetipac)”
Claim · model-written summary
Control plants infested with viruliferous Texcoco mites developed leprosis symptoms.
- Taxon
- C. sinensisCitrus sinensist0
- Treatment
- infested with viruliferous B. californicus (Texcoco)e0
- Interactor
- B. californicus (Texcoco)Brevipalpus californicuse0pest
- Outcome
- leprosis symptomse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“control plants infested with viruliferous B. californicus (Texcoco) developed leprosis symptoms”
t0“C. sinensis after infestation by viruliferous Brevipalpus sp. (Tetipac)”
Claim · model-written summary
RT-PCR confirmed OFV-citrus in control plants.
- Taxon
- C. sinensisCitrus sinensist0
- Interactor
- OFV-citruse0pathogen
- Outcome
- presence of OFV-citruse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the presence of OFV-citrus was confirmed by RT-PCR”
t0“C. sinensis after infestation by viruliferous Brevipalpus sp. (Tetipac)”
The same questions in other papers
infection · disease · Phaseolus vulgaris (common bean)Positive and negative results
4 papers in the same direction as this paper · 5 in the opposite direction
- positive
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See all 10 papers →infection · disease · Arabidopsis thaliana (thale cress)Positive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 7 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
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See all 10 papers →infection · disease · Citrus sinensis (sweet orange)Results agree
3 papers in the same direction as this paper
- negative
- negative
- negative
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.