Abstract
Fusarium wilt disease limits tomato production, especially in Ghana. In managing the Fusarium wilt disease, two rootstocks (Solanum torvum and Solanum macrocarpon) were used in grafting experiments. Plant growth, yield, disease severity and incidence of both grafted plants, and non-grafted plants were evaluated in a pot experiment and also under a naturally infected open field condition at Berekum. During the early stage (14 days after inoculation) under artificial inoculation conditions, grafted plants exhibited higher photosynthetic rates (10.41 μmol−2s−1) compared to the non-grafted plants (8.36 μmol−2s−1). Under naturally infested field conditions, chlorophyll content and photosynthetic rate of non-grafted plants decreased. Solanum lycopersicum grafted onto S. macrocarpon and S. torvum were moderately susceptible (20%–40%) to Fusarium oxysporum. However, the non-grafted plants were highly susceptible (50%–100%). Yield from the pot experiment for S. lycopersicum grafted onto S. macrocarpon was significantly higher (453.1 g/plant), compared to S. lycopersicum grafted onto S. torvum (350.3 g/plant) and the non-grafted plant (205 g/plant). However, in naturally infected field, the grafted plants increased in fruit yield compared to the non-grafted tomato plants. Solanum macrocarpon and S. torvum as rootstocks offered resistance against F. oxysporum and showed significantly lower disease progression, than the non-grafted plants (P < 0.05). This study revealed that grafting is an effective tool for the management of Fusarium wilt disease and for tomato growth and yield improvement.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Grafted tomato plants had higher photosynthetic rates than non-grafted plants 14 days after inoculation.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicumt0 - Treatment
- grafted plantse1
- Outcome
- photosynthetic ratese1
- Direction
- highere1
- Value
- 10.41 μmol−2s−1e1
- Qualifier
- 14 days after inoculatione1
- Comparator
- non-grafted plantse1
- Setting
- artificial inoculation conditionse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Grafting for sustainable management of Fusarium wilt disease in tomato production in Ghana”
e1“During the early stage (14 days after inoculation) under artificial inoculation conditions, grafted plants exhibited higher photosynthetic rates (10.41 μmol−2s−1) compared to the non-grafted plants (8.36 μmol−2s−1)”
Claim · model-written summary
Non-grafted tomato plants under natural infestation in the field had decreased chlorophyll content and photosynthetic rate.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Outcome
- chlorophyll content and photosynthetic ratee2
- Direction
- decreasede2
- Setting
- naturally infested field conditionse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Grafting for sustainable management of Fusarium wilt disease in tomato production in Ghana”
e2“Under naturally infested field conditions, chlorophyll content and photosynthetic rate of non-grafted plants decreased”
Claim · model-written summary
Tomato grafted onto Solanum macrocarpon and S. torvum was moderately susceptible to Fusarium oxysporum (20%–40%).
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- grafted onto S. macrocarpon and S. torvume3
- Interactor
- Fusarium oxysporum
_(Fusarium_oxysporum_f.sp._batatas)_1234227-PPT-Clemson_University.jpg?width=60)
Fusarium oxysporume3pathogen - Outcome
- susceptiblee3
- Direction
- moderately susceptiblee3
- Value
- 20%–40%e3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_(Fusarium_oxysporum_f.sp._batatas)_1234227-PPT-Clemson_University.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
t0“Grafting for sustainable management of Fusarium wilt disease in tomato production in Ghana”
e3“Solanum lycopersicum grafted onto S. macrocarpon and S. torvum were moderately susceptible (20%–40%) to Fusarium oxysporum”
Claim · model-written summary
Non-grafted tomato plants were highly susceptible to Fusarium oxysporum (50%–100%).
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Interactor
- Fusarium oxysporumFusarium oxysporume3pathogen
- Outcome
- susceptiblee4
- Direction
- highly susceptiblee4
- Value
- 50%–100%e4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Grafting for sustainable management of Fusarium wilt disease in tomato production in Ghana”
e3“Solanum lycopersicum grafted onto S. macrocarpon and S. torvum were moderately susceptible (20%–40%) to Fusarium oxysporum”
e4“However, the non-grafted plants were highly susceptible (50%–100%)”
Claim · model-written summary
Tomato grafted onto S. macrocarpon gave significantly higher pot yield (453.1 g/plant) than non-grafted plants.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- grafted onto S. macrocarpone5
- Outcome
- Yielde5
- Direction
- significantly highere5
- Value
- 453.1 g/plante5
- Comparator
- non-grafted plante5
- Setting
- pot experimente5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Grafting for sustainable management of Fusarium wilt disease in tomato production in Ghana”
e5“Yield from the pot experiment for S. lycopersicum grafted onto S. macrocarpon was significantly higher (453.1 g/plant), compared to S. lycopersicum grafted onto S. torvum (350.3 g/plant) and the non-grafted plant (205 g/plant)”
Claim · model-written summary
Tomato grafted onto S. torvum yielded 350.3 g/plant, higher than non-grafted plants.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- grafted onto S. torvume5
- Outcome
- Yielde5
- Direction
- highere5
- Value
- 350.3 g/plante5
- Comparator
- non-grafted plante5
- Setting
- pot experimente5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Grafting for sustainable management of Fusarium wilt disease in tomato production in Ghana”
e5“Yield from the pot experiment for S. lycopersicum grafted onto S. macrocarpon was significantly higher (453.1 g/plant), compared to S. lycopersicum grafted onto S. torvum (350.3 g/plant) and the non-grafted plant (205 g/plant)”
Claim · model-written summary
In a naturally infected field, grafted tomato plants increased fruit yield compared with non-grafted plants.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- grafted plantse6
- Outcome
- fruit yielde6
- Direction
- increasede6
- Comparator
- non-grafted tomato plantse6
- Setting
- naturally infected fielde6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Grafting for sustainable management of Fusarium wilt disease in tomato production in Ghana”
e6“However, in naturally infected field, the grafted plants increased in fruit yield compared to the non-grafted tomato plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Solanum macrocarpon and S. torvum rootstocks significantly lowered Fusarium wilt disease progression relative to non-grafted plants.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- Solanum macrocarpon and S. torvum as rootstockse7
- Interactor
- F. oxysporumFusarium oxysporume7pathogen
- Outcome
- disease progressione7
- Direction
- significantly lowere7
- Comparator
- non-grafted plantse7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Grafting for sustainable management of Fusarium wilt disease in tomato production in Ghana”
e7“Solanum macrocarpon and S. torvum as rootstocks offered resistance against F. oxysporum and showed significantly lower disease progression, than the non-grafted plants (P < 0.05)”
Claim · model-written summary
Solanum macrocarpon and S. torvum rootstocks offered resistance to F. oxysporum in tomato.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- Solanum macrocarpon and S. torvum as rootstockse7
- Interactor
- F. oxysporumFusarium oxysporume7pathogen
- Outcome
- resistancee7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Grafting for sustainable management of Fusarium wilt disease in tomato production in Ghana”
e7“Solanum macrocarpon and S. torvum as rootstocks offered resistance against F. oxysporum and showed significantly lower disease progression, than the non-grafted plants (P < 0.05)”
Claim · model-written summary
Grafting is an effective tool for managing Fusarium wilt and improving tomato growth and yield.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- graftinge1
- Outcome
- effective tool for the management of Fusarium wilt diseasee1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Grafting for sustainable management of Fusarium wilt disease in tomato production in Ghana”
e1“This study revealed that grafting is an effective tool for the management of Fusarium wilt disease and for tomato growth and yield improvement”
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