Abstract
Soil borne fungal diseases are among the most damaging diseases of tomato in Tunisia. Among them, Fusarium wilt (FW) caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (FOL) races 1 and 2, Fusarium Crown and Root Rot (FCRR) incited by F. oxysporum f. sp. radicis lycopersici, and Verticillium wilt (VW) due to Verticillium dahliae (Vd) races 1 and 2 are of particular concern. In the current study, the grafting of three scion tomato cultivars (cvs. Kawthar, Amal and Malinche) onto the interspecific hybrid rootstock Maxifort was evaluated for diseases management and plant growth and yield improvement. Under artificial inoculation conditions, the present study demonstrates that the plant response to the tested pathogens (Vd races 1 and 2, FOL races 1 and 2 and FORL) used for inoculation differed according to the tomato cultivars used, the grafting treatment and their interactions. Overall, grafting was shown to be effective in significantly reducing disease severity, estimated via the relative vascular discoloration extent (RVDE), by 24%, and enhancing root and stem fresh weights and yield by 18%, 30% and 17%, respectively, compared to non-grafted controls. Under natural greenhouse conditions, disease severity was statistically comparable on grafted and non-grafted cvs. Kawthar and Malinche, plants. However, grafting cv. Amal plants have significantly reduced, by 61%, the RVDE as compared to non-grafted ones. Root fresh weight noted on Maxifort-grafted cvs. Kawthar, Amal and Malinche plants was significantly enhanced by 32, 59 and 55%, relative to non-grafted ones. Plants grafted onto Maxifort rootstock had produced 63% higher total yield than the non-grafted control. As assessed by comparative disease symptoms and plant growth and yield response, grafting tomato on the rootstock Maxifort have could be implemented in an integrated disease management with other soil disinfection methods for reducing soil borne populations in the soil.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Tomato responses to inoculated pathogens varied with cultivar, grafting and their interaction.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicumt0 - Interactor
- Vd races 1 and 2e0pathogen
- Outcome
- plant responsee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“plant response to the tested pathogens (Vd races 1 and 2, FOL races 1 and 2 and FORL) used for inoculation differed according to the tomato cultivars used, the grafting treatment and their interactions”
t0“Tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Grafting reduced vascular discoloration disease severity by 24% versus non-grafted controls under artificial inoculation.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- graftinge0
- Outcome
- disease severitye0
- Direction
- reducinge0
- Value
- 24%e0
- Comparator
- non-grafted controlse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“grafting was shown to be effective in significantly reducing disease severity, estimated via the relative vascular discoloration extent (RVDE), by 24%, and enhancing root and stem fresh weights and yield by 18%, 30% and 17%, respectively, compared to non-grafted controls”
t0“Tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Grafting increased root fresh weight by 18% versus non-grafted controls.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- graftinge0
- Outcome
- roote0
- Direction
- enhancinge0
- Value
- 18%e0
- Comparator
- non-grafted controlse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“grafting was shown to be effective in significantly reducing disease severity, estimated via the relative vascular discoloration extent (RVDE), by 24%, and enhancing root and stem fresh weights and yield by 18%, 30% and 17%, respectively, compared to non-grafted controls”
t0“Tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Grafting increased stem fresh weight by 30% versus non-grafted controls.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- graftinge0
- Outcome
- stem fresh weightse0
- Direction
- enhancinge0
- Value
- 30%e0
- Comparator
- non-grafted controlse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“grafting was shown to be effective in significantly reducing disease severity, estimated via the relative vascular discoloration extent (RVDE), by 24%, and enhancing root and stem fresh weights and yield by 18%, 30% and 17%, respectively, compared to non-grafted controls”
t0“Tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Grafting increased yield by 17% versus non-grafted controls.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- graftinge0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- enhancinge0
- Value
- 17%e0
- Comparator
- non-grafted controlse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“grafting was shown to be effective in significantly reducing disease severity, estimated via the relative vascular discoloration extent (RVDE), by 24%, and enhancing root and stem fresh weights and yield by 18%, 30% and 17%, respectively, compared to non-grafted controls”
t0“Tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Under natural greenhouse conditions, grafting did not significantly change disease severity for Kawthar.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Material
- Kawthare0
- Treatment
- graftede0
- Outcome
- disease severitye0
- Direction
- statistically comparablee0
- Comparator
- non-graftede0
- Setting
- natural greenhouse conditionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under natural greenhouse conditions, disease severity was statistically comparable on grafted and non-grafted cvs. Kawthar and Malinche, plants”
t0“Tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Under natural greenhouse conditions, grafting did not significantly change disease severity for Malinche.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Material
- Malinchee0
- Treatment
- graftede0
- Outcome
- disease severitye0
- Direction
- statistically comparablee0
- Comparator
- non-graftede0
- Setting
- natural greenhouse conditionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under natural greenhouse conditions, disease severity was statistically comparable on grafted and non-grafted cvs. Kawthar and Malinche, plants”
t0“Tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Grafted Amal plants had 61% lower vascular discoloration than non-grafted Amal.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Material
- Amale0
- Treatment
- graftinge0
- Outcome
- RVDEe0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 61%e0
- Comparator
- non-grafted onese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“grafting cv. Amal plants have significantly reduced, by 61%, the RVDE as compared to non-grafted ones”
t0“Tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Maxifort grafting increased Kawthar root fresh weight by 32%.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Material
- Kawthare0
- Treatment
- Maxifort-graftede0
- Outcome
- Root fresh weighte0
- Direction
- enhancede0
- Value
- 32e0
- Comparator
- non-grafted onese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Root fresh weight noted on Maxifort-grafted cvs. Kawthar, Amal and Malinche plants was significantly enhanced by 32, 59 and 55%, relative to non-grafted ones”
t0“Tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Maxifort grafting increased Amal root fresh weight by 59%.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Material
- Amale0
- Treatment
- Maxifort-graftede0
- Outcome
- Root fresh weighte0
- Direction
- enhancede0
- Value
- 59e0
- Comparator
- non-grafted onese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Root fresh weight noted on Maxifort-grafted cvs. Kawthar, Amal and Malinche plants was significantly enhanced by 32, 59 and 55%, relative to non-grafted ones”
t0“Tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Maxifort grafting increased Malinche root fresh weight by 55%.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Material
- Malinchee0
- Treatment
- Maxifort-graftede0
- Outcome
- Root fresh weighte0
- Direction
- enhancede0
- Value
- 55%e0
- Comparator
- non-grafted onese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Root fresh weight noted on Maxifort-grafted cvs. Kawthar, Amal and Malinche plants was significantly enhanced by 32, 59 and 55%, relative to non-grafted ones”
t0“Tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Maxifort-grafted plants produced 63% more total yield than non-grafted control.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- grafted onto Maxifort rootstocke0
- Outcome
- total yielde0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 63%e0
- Comparator
- non-grafted controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Plants grafted onto Maxifort rootstock had produced 63% higher total yield than the non-grafted control”
t0“Tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Authors suggest Maxifort grafting as part of integrated disease management.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- grafting tomato on the rootstock Maxiforte0
- Outcome
- integrated disease managemente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“grafting tomato on the rootstock Maxifort have could be implemented in an integrated disease management with other soil disinfection methods for reducing soil borne populations in the soil”
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