Abstract
Quinoa is a crop that exhibits abiotic stress tolerance but is sensitive to heat, particularly terminal heat stress, which significantly reduces its yield. High temperatures lead to pollen sterility and grain abortion. To mitigate the effects of terminal heat stress, a field study was conducted at the University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Pakistan, focusing on the bio-stimulant potential of moringa leaf extract (MLE) on quinoa. Which was sown on 20 December 2016. The experiment was a complete randomized block design (RCBD) with three replications. The study involved the application of a 3% MLE foliar spray mixed with tap water, applied four and eight times fortnightly and weekly, respectively. The foliar applications began sixty days after sowing, during the flowering and grain-filling stage. Compared to the control treatment, the weekly and fortnightly foliar spray of MLE resulted in enhanced biochemical and physiological attributes, ultimately leading to increased seed yield. The highest seed yield was observed in plots where MLE was sprayed weekly (2980 kg/ha), followed by a fortnightly interval (2536.6 kg/ha), as compared to the control treatment (2121.33 kg/ha). Additionally, enzymatic antioxidants such as superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, catalase, leaf proline, and chlorophyll contents (chlorophyll a, b, and carotenoid) showed improvement in plants treated with MLE foliar spray on a weekly basis compared to the control. These biochemical modulations induced by MLE application may help
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Claims 4
Claim · model-written summary
Weekly moringa leaf extract spray increased quinoa seed yield to 2980 kg/ha versus 2121.33 kg/ha in the control.
- Taxon
- Chenopodium quinoa
Chenopodium quinoat0 - Treatment
- MLE was sprayed weeklye0
- Outcome
- seed yielde0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 2980 kg/hae0
- Qualifier
- 2121.33 kg/hae0
- Comparator
- control treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest seed yield was observed in plots where MLE was sprayed weekly (2980 kg/ha), followed by a fortnightly interval (2536.6 kg/ha), as compared to the control treatment (2121.33 kg/ha).”
t0“Chenopodium quinoa”
Claim · model-written summary
Fortnightly moringa leaf extract spray increased quinoa seed yield to 2536.6 kg/ha versus 2121.33 kg/ha in the control.
- Taxon
- Chenopodium quinoaChenopodium quinoat0
- Treatment
- fortnightly intervale0
- Outcome
- seed yielde0
- Direction
- increaseinferrede0
- Value
- 2536.6 kg/hae0
- Qualifier
- 2121.33 kg/hae0
- Comparator
- control treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest seed yield was observed in plots where MLE was sprayed weekly (2980 kg/ha), followed by a fortnightly interval (2536.6 kg/ha), as compared to the control treatment (2121.33 kg/ha).”
t0“Chenopodium quinoa”
Claim · model-written summary
Weekly moringa leaf extract spray improved superoxide dismutase, peroxidase and catalase in quinoa relative to control.
- Taxon
- Chenopodium quinoaChenopodium quinoat0
- Treatment
- MLE foliar spray on a weekly basise0
- Outcome
- superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, catalasee0
- Direction
- improvemente0
- Comparator
- the controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“enzymatic antioxidants such as superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, catalase, leaf proline, and chlorophyll contents (chlorophyll a, b, and carotenoid) showed improvement in plants treated with MLE foliar spray on a weekly basis compared to the control.”
t0“Chenopodium quinoa”
Claim · model-written summary
Weekly moringa leaf extract spray improved leaf proline and chlorophyll contents in quinoa relative to control.
- Taxon
- Chenopodium quinoaChenopodium quinoat0
- Treatment
- MLE foliar spray on a weekly basise0
- Outcome
- leaf proline, and chlorophyll contents (chlorophyll a, b, and carotenoid)e0
- Direction
- improvemente0
- Comparator
- the controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“enzymatic antioxidants such as superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, catalase, leaf proline, and chlorophyll contents (chlorophyll a, b, and carotenoid) showed improvement in plants treated with MLE foliar spray on a weekly basis compared to the control.”
t0“Chenopodium quinoa”
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