Abstract
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) constitute a ubiquitous group of soil microorganisms, affecting plant and soil microorganism growth. Various crop management practices can have a significant impact on the AM association. This study investigated the AMF inoculation contribution on growth and productivity of two-rowed barley crop by identifying the underlying mechanisms both in conventional and organic cropping systems. A two-year field trial was set up as a split-plot design with 2 main plots [AMF inoculation: with (AMF+) and without (AMF-)] and five sub-plots (fertilization regimes: untreated, 100% recommended dose of fertilizer in organic and inorganic form, and 60% recommended dose of fertilizer in organic and inorganic form) in three replications. According to the results, AMF+ plants presented higher plant height and leaf area index (LAI), resulting in increased biomass and, as a result, higher seed yield. With regard to the quality traits, including the nitrogen and phosphorus uptake and their utilization indices, the AMF inoculated plants showed higher values. Furthermore, the level of fertilization, particularly in an inorganic form, adversely affected AMF root colonization. Consequently, it was concluded that substitution of inorganic inputs by organic, as well as inputs reduction, when combined with AMF inoculation, can produce excellent results, thus making barley crop cultivation sustainable in Mediterranean climates.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
AMF inoculation increased plant height and leaf area index of two-rowed barley relative to non-inoculated plants in a field trial.
- Taxon
- Two-Rowed Barley
.jpg?width=60)
Hordeum vulgare subsp. vulgaret0 - Treatment
- AMF inoculatione0
- Interactor
- AMFe1symbiont
- Outcome
- plant height and leaf area index (LAI)e1
- Direction
- highere1
- Comparator
- AMF-e2
- Setting
- field triale2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
t0“Two-Rowed Barley”
e0“This study investigated the AMF inoculation contribution on growth and productivity of two-rowed barley crop”
e1“AMF+ plants presented higher plant height and leaf area index (LAI)”
e2“A two-year field trial was set up as a split-plot design with 2 main plots [AMF inoculation: with (AMF+) and without (AMF-)]”
Claim · model-written summary
AMF inoculation increased the biomass of two-rowed barley relative to non-inoculated plants in a field trial.
- Taxon
- Two-Rowed BarleyHordeum vulgare subsp. vulgaret0
- Treatment
- AMF inoculatione0
- Interactor
- AMFe1symbiont
- Outcome
- biomasse3
- Direction
- increasede3
- Comparator
- AMF-e2
- Setting
- field triale2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Two-Rowed Barley”
e0“This study investigated the AMF inoculation contribution on growth and productivity of two-rowed barley crop”
e1“AMF+ plants presented higher plant height and leaf area index (LAI)”
e2“A two-year field trial was set up as a split-plot design with 2 main plots [AMF inoculation: with (AMF+) and without (AMF-)]”
e3“resulting in increased biomass and, as a result, higher seed yield”
Claim · model-written summary
AMF inoculation increased the seed yield of two-rowed barley relative to non-inoculated plants in a field trial.
- Taxon
- Two-Rowed BarleyHordeum vulgare subsp. vulgaret0
- Treatment
- AMF inoculatione0
- Interactor
- AMFe1symbiont
- Outcome
- seed yielde3
- Direction
- highere3
- Comparator
- AMF-e2
- Setting
- field triale2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Two-Rowed Barley”
e0“This study investigated the AMF inoculation contribution on growth and productivity of two-rowed barley crop”
e1“AMF+ plants presented higher plant height and leaf area index (LAI)”
e2“A two-year field trial was set up as a split-plot design with 2 main plots [AMF inoculation: with (AMF+) and without (AMF-)]”
e3“resulting in increased biomass and, as a result, higher seed yield”
Claim · model-written summary
AMF inoculated plants showed higher nitrogen and phosphorus uptake than non-inoculated plants in a field trial.
- Taxon
- Two-Rowed BarleyHordeum vulgare subsp. vulgaret0
- Treatment
- AMF inoculatede4
- Interactor
- AMFe4symbiont
- Outcome
- nitrogen and phosphorus uptakee4
- Direction
- highere4
- Comparator
- AMF-e2
- Setting
- field triale2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Two-Rowed Barley”
e2“A two-year field trial was set up as a split-plot design with 2 main plots [AMF inoculation: with (AMF+) and without (AMF-)]”
e4“With regard to the quality traits, including the nitrogen and phosphorus uptake and their utilization indices, the AMF inoculated plants showed higher values”
Claim · model-written summary
AMF inoculated plants showed higher nitrogen and phosphorus utilization indices than non-inoculated plants in a field trial.
- Taxon
- Two-Rowed BarleyHordeum vulgare subsp. vulgaret0
- Treatment
- AMF inoculatede4
- Interactor
- AMFe4symbiont
- Outcome
- utilization indicese4
- Direction
- highere4
- Comparator
- AMF-e2
- Setting
- field triale2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Two-Rowed Barley”
e2“A two-year field trial was set up as a split-plot design with 2 main plots [AMF inoculation: with (AMF+) and without (AMF-)]”
e4“With regard to the quality traits, including the nitrogen and phosphorus uptake and their utilization indices, the AMF inoculated plants showed higher values”
Claim · model-written summary
Higher fertilization level, particularly in an inorganic form, decreased AMF root colonization of two-rowed barley.
- Taxon
- Two-Rowed BarleyHordeum vulgare subsp. vulgaret0
- Treatment
- the level of fertilization, particularly in an inorganic forme5
- Interactor
- AMFe5symbiont
- Outcome
- AMF root colonizatione5
- Direction
- decreaseinferrede5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Two-Rowed Barley”
e5“the level of fertilization, particularly in an inorganic form, adversely affected AMF root colonization”
Claim · model-written summary
Substituting inorganic inputs by organic inputs, with input reduction and AMF inoculation, can produce excellent results and make barley cultivation sustainable in Mediterranean climates.
- Taxon
- Two-Rowed BarleyHordeum vulgare subsp. vulgaret0
- Treatment
- AMF inoculatione6
- Outcome
- substitution of inorganic inputs by organice6
- Setting
- Mediterranean climatese7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Two-Rowed Barley”
e6“substitution of inorganic inputs by organic, as well as inputs reduction, when combined with AMF inoculation, can produce excellent results”
e7“thus making barley crop cultivation sustainable in Mediterranean climates”
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