Abstract
Black shank caused by Phytophthora nicotianae has become a destructive soil-borne disease to different flue-cured tobacco cultivars in Southwest China. The use of biochar amendments for microorganism synergy is a promising effective strategy for P. nicotianae development control. In this study, biochar samples were prepared from tamarisk with different pyrolization temperatures (300–500 °C). The effect of pyrolytic temperatures on the bacteria immobilization efficiency of biochar was investigated. B. subtilis Tpb55 was successfully loaded on different biochars as biocontrol composites. The survival investigation of the inoculum suggested that biochar pyrolized at 300 °C (BC300), with a large pore opening diameter; a greater pore volume exhibited a better Tpb55 immobilization. A pot experiment indicated that Tpb55-loaded BC300 had a more pronounced decrease in the disease severity index of black shank disease and an increase in the soil pH, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen, soil-available phosphorus, and available potassium. BC300 inoculated with Tpb55 showed the highest control effect (79.60%) against tobacco black shank in the pot experiments, with the lowest copy number of P. nicotianae DNA. In conclusion, biochar-immobilized Tpb55 may provide a new strategy for preventing and controlling tobacco black shank.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
BC300 inoculated with Tpb55 gave the highest control effect (79.60%) against tobacco black shank.
- Taxon
- tobacco
Nicotiana tabacume1 - Treatment
- BC300 inoculated with Tpb55e1
- Interactor
- P. nicotianae
Phytophthora nicotianaee1pathogen - Second interactor
- Tpb55e1biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- control effecte1
- Direction
- higheste1
- Value
- 79.60%e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“BC300 inoculated with Tpb55 showed the highest control effect (79.60%) against tobacco black shank in the pot experiments, with the lowest copy number of P. nicotianae DNA”
Claim · model-written summary
Tpb55-loaded BC300 produced a more pronounced decrease in the disease severity index of black shank.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Treatment
- Tpb55-loaded BC300e2
- Outcome
- disease severity index of black shank diseasee2
- Direction
- decreasee2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Tobacco Black Shank”
e2“A pot experiment indicated that Tpb55-loaded BC300 had a more pronounced decrease in the disease severity index of black shank disease and an increase in the soil pH, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen, soil-available phosphorus, and available potassium”
Claim · model-written summary
Tpb55-loaded BC300 increased soil pH, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen and soil-available phosphorus in the pot experiment.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Treatment
- Tpb55-loaded BC300e2
- Outcome
- soil pH, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen, soil-available phosphoruse2
- Direction
- increasee2
- Setting
- pot experimente2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Tobacco Black Shank”
e2“A pot experiment indicated that Tpb55-loaded BC300 had a more pronounced decrease in the disease severity index of black shank disease and an increase in the soil pH, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen, soil-available phosphorus, and available potassium”
Claim · model-written summary
Tpb55-loaded BC300 increased available potassium in the soil.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Treatment
- Tpb55-loaded BC300e2
- Outcome
- available potassiume2
- Direction
- increasee2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Tobacco Black Shank”
e2“A pot experiment indicated that Tpb55-loaded BC300 had a more pronounced decrease in the disease severity index of black shank disease and an increase in the soil pH, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen, soil-available phosphorus, and available potassium”
Claim · model-written summary
BC300 inoculated with Tpb55 gave the lowest copy number of P. nicotianae DNA.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Treatment
- BC300 inoculated with Tpb55e1
- Interactor
- P. nicotianaePhytophthora nicotianaee1pathogen
- Outcome
- copy number of P. nicotianae DNAe1
- Direction
- loweste1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Tobacco Black Shank”
e1“BC300 inoculated with Tpb55 showed the highest control effect (79.60%) against tobacco black shank in the pot experiments, with the lowest copy number of P. nicotianae DNA”
Claim · model-written summary
A greater pore volume of biochar pyrolized at 300 °C gave better Tpb55 immobilization.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Treatment
- a greater pore volumee3
- Outcome
- Tpb55 immobilizatione3
- Direction
- bettere3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Tobacco Black Shank”
e3“biochar pyrolized at 300 °C (BC300), with a large pore opening diameter; a greater pore volume exhibited a better Tpb55 immobilization”
Claim · model-written summary
Bacillus subtilis Tpb55 was successfully loaded on different biochars.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Interactor
- B. subtilis Tpb55
Bacillus subtilise4biocontrol_agent - Outcome
- successfully loadede4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Tobacco Black Shank”
e4“B. subtilis Tpb55 was successfully loaded on different biochars as biocontrol composites”
The same questions in other papers
inoculation · Phytophthora nicotianae · Nicotiana tabacum (tobacco)Positive and negative results
7 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
- positive
5 papers more in this group
See all 9 papers →biochar · Phytophthora nicotianae · Nicotiana tabacum (tobacco)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
biochar · disease · Nicotiana tabacum (tobacco)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.