Abstract
In the present study, we estimated the yield and its attributes as well as water use efficiency of two bread wheat cultivars, i.e., Shandaweel-1 and Giza-171 under three irrigation intervals, i.e., irrigation every 6, 9 and 12 days, and three concentrations of salicylic acid, i.e., 0.0, 150, and 300 ppm which was done at a private farm in the village of Al-Ghuraira, Esna center, Luxor governorate upper Egypt during 2018/2019 and 2019/2020 seasons. This study was laid out in a strip-split plot arrangement was based on a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. The results indicated that increasing irrigation intervals (I) from 6 up to 9 or 12 days significantly decreased vegetative traits, yield and yield attributes traits, i.e., plant height, flag leaf area, spike length., number of kernels spike-1, kernels weight spike-1, 1000-grain weight as well as grain yield fed.-1, but significantly increased grain protein content (%), water use efficiency (WUE) and water saving% in both seasons. The Foliar application of 300 ppm of salicylic acid (SA3) had significantly increased all the yield and its attributes traits compared to the control treatment (SA1) As well as improving WUE under the conditions of irrigation periods every 9 and 12 days. Shandaweel-1 cultivar outperformed Giza-171 cultivar in plant height, spike length, grain yield and WUE in both seasons, and number of kernels spike-1 in the 1st season. Likewise, Giza-171 surpassed Shandaweel-1 in flag leaf area, kernels weight spike-1, 1000-grain weight and protein% in both seasons, and number of kernels spike-1 in 2nd season. Furthermore, the second order interaction I6×SA3×WC2 gave the highest value for 1000-grain weight (78.0 g) in the 1st season only.
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Claims 19
Claim · model-written summary
Longer irrigation intervals significantly decreased plant height.
- Taxon
- bread wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Treatment
- increasing irrigation intervals (I) from 6 up to 9 or 12 dayse0
- Outcome
- plant heighte0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Comparator
- 6e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“increasing irrigation intervals (I) from 6 up to 9 or 12 days significantly decreased vegetative traits, yield and yield attributes traits, i.e., plant height, flag leaf area, spike length., number of kernels spike-1, kernels weight spike-1, 1000-grain weight as well as grain yield fed.-1”
t0“bread wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Longer irrigation intervals significantly decreased flag leaf area.
- Taxon
- bread wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- increasing irrigation intervals (I) from 6 up to 9 or 12 dayse0
- Outcome
- flag leaf areae0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Comparator
- 6e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“increasing irrigation intervals (I) from 6 up to 9 or 12 days significantly decreased vegetative traits, yield and yield attributes traits, i.e., plant height, flag leaf area, spike length., number of kernels spike-1, kernels weight spike-1, 1000-grain weight as well as grain yield fed.-1”
t0“bread wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Longer irrigation intervals significantly decreased spike length.
- Taxon
- bread wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- increasing irrigation intervals (I) from 6 up to 9 or 12 dayse0
- Outcome
- spike lengthe0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Comparator
- 6e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“increasing irrigation intervals (I) from 6 up to 9 or 12 days significantly decreased vegetative traits, yield and yield attributes traits, i.e., plant height, flag leaf area, spike length., number of kernels spike-1, kernels weight spike-1, 1000-grain weight as well as grain yield fed.-1”
t0“bread wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Longer irrigation intervals significantly decreased number of kernels spike-1.
- Taxon
- bread wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- increasing irrigation intervals (I) from 6 up to 9 or 12 dayse0
- Outcome
- number of kernels spike-1e0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Comparator
- 6e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“increasing irrigation intervals (I) from 6 up to 9 or 12 days significantly decreased vegetative traits, yield and yield attributes traits, i.e., plant height, flag leaf area, spike length., number of kernels spike-1, kernels weight spike-1, 1000-grain weight as well as grain yield fed.-1”
t0“bread wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Longer irrigation intervals significantly decreased kernels weight spike-1.
- Taxon
- bread wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- increasing irrigation intervals (I) from 6 up to 9 or 12 dayse0
- Outcome
- kernels weight spike-1e0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Comparator
- 6e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“increasing irrigation intervals (I) from 6 up to 9 or 12 days significantly decreased vegetative traits, yield and yield attributes traits, i.e., plant height, flag leaf area, spike length., number of kernels spike-1, kernels weight spike-1, 1000-grain weight as well as grain yield fed.-1”
t0“bread wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Longer irrigation intervals significantly decreased 1000-grain weight.
- Taxon
- bread wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- increasing irrigation intervals (I) from 6 up to 9 or 12 dayse0
- Outcome
- 1000-grain weighte0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Comparator
- 6e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“increasing irrigation intervals (I) from 6 up to 9 or 12 days significantly decreased vegetative traits, yield and yield attributes traits, i.e., plant height, flag leaf area, spike length., number of kernels spike-1, kernels weight spike-1, 1000-grain weight as well as grain yield fed.-1”
t0“bread wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Longer irrigation intervals significantly decreased grain yield fed.-1.
- Taxon
- bread wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- increasing irrigation intervals (I) from 6 up to 9 or 12 dayse0
- Outcome
- grain yield fed.-1e0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Comparator
- 6e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“increasing irrigation intervals (I) from 6 up to 9 or 12 days significantly decreased vegetative traits, yield and yield attributes traits, i.e., plant height, flag leaf area, spike length., number of kernels spike-1, kernels weight spike-1, 1000-grain weight as well as grain yield fed.-1”
t0“bread wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Longer irrigation intervals significantly increased grain protein content (%).
- Taxon
- bread wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Irrigation Intervalst0
- Outcome
- grain protein content (%)e0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“but significantly increased grain protein content (%), water use efficiency (WUE) and water saving% in both seasons”
t0“Irrigation Intervals and Foliar Spray with Salicylic Acid on the production of Two Bread wheat cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Longer irrigation intervals significantly increased water use efficiency (WUE).
- Taxon
- bread wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Irrigation Intervalst0
- Outcome
- water use efficiency (WUE)e0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“but significantly increased grain protein content (%), water use efficiency (WUE) and water saving% in both seasons”
t0“Irrigation Intervals and Foliar Spray with Salicylic Acid on the production of Two Bread wheat cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Longer irrigation intervals significantly increased water saving%.
- Taxon
- bread wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Irrigation Intervalst0
- Outcome
- water saving%e0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“but significantly increased grain protein content (%), water use efficiency (WUE) and water saving% in both seasons”
t0“Irrigation Intervals and Foliar Spray with Salicylic Acid on the production of Two Bread wheat cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar 300 ppm salicylic acid increased yield and yield attributes versus control.
- Taxon
- bread wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Foliar application of 300 ppm of salicylic acid (SA3)e0
- Outcome
- yield and its attributes traitse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- control treatment (SA1)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The Foliar application of 300 ppm of salicylic acid (SA3) had significantly increased all the yield and its attributes traits compared to the control treatment (SA1) As well as improving WUE under the conditions of irrigation periods every 9 and 12 days”
t0“bread wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar 300 ppm salicylic acid improved WUE under 9- and 12-day irrigation.
- Taxon
- bread wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Foliar application of 300 ppm of salicylic acid (SA3)e0
- Outcome
- WUEe0
- Direction
- improvinge0
- Qualifier
- irrigation periods every 9 and 12 dayse0
- Comparator
- control treatment (SA1)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The Foliar application of 300 ppm of salicylic acid (SA3) had significantly increased all the yield and its attributes traits compared to the control treatment (SA1) As well as improving WUE under the conditions of irrigation periods every 9 and 12 days”
t0“bread wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Shandaweel-1 exceeded Giza-171 in plant height, spike length and grain yield.
- Taxon
- bread wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Material
- Shandaweel-1e0
- Outcome
- plant height, spike length, grain yielde0
- Direction
- outperformede0
- Comparator
- Giza-171e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Shandaweel-1 cultivar outperformed Giza-171 cultivar in plant height, spike length, grain yield and WUE in both seasons, and number of kernels spike-1 in the 1st season”
t0“bread wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Shandaweel-1 exceeded Giza-171 in WUE in both seasons.
- Taxon
- bread wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Material
- Shandaweel-1e0
- Outcome
- WUEe0
- Direction
- outperformede0
- Comparator
- Giza-171e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Shandaweel-1 cultivar outperformed Giza-171 cultivar in plant height, spike length, grain yield and WUE in both seasons, and number of kernels spike-1 in the 1st season”
t0“bread wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Shandaweel-1 exceeded Giza-171 in kernels per spike in the first season.
- Taxon
- bread wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Material
- Shandaweel-1e0
- Outcome
- number of kernels spike-1e0
- Direction
- outperformede0
- Comparator
- Giza-171e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Shandaweel-1 cultivar outperformed Giza-171 cultivar in plant height, spike length, grain yield and WUE in both seasons, and number of kernels spike-1 in the 1st season”
t0“bread wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Giza-171 exceeded Shandaweel-1 in flag leaf area, kernel weight per spike and thousand-grain weight.
- Taxon
- bread wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Material
- Giza-171e0
- Outcome
- flag leaf area, kernels weight spike-1, 1000-grain weighte0
- Direction
- surpassede0
- Comparator
- Shandaweel-1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Giza-171 surpassed Shandaweel-1 in flag leaf area, kernels weight spike-1, 1000-grain weight and protein% in both seasons, and number of kernels spike-1 in 2nd season”
t0“bread wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Giza-171 exceeded Shandaweel-1 in protein percentage.
- Taxon
- bread wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Material
- Giza-171e0
- Outcome
- protein%e0
- Direction
- surpassede0
- Comparator
- Shandaweel-1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Giza-171 surpassed Shandaweel-1 in flag leaf area, kernels weight spike-1, 1000-grain weight and protein% in both seasons, and number of kernels spike-1 in 2nd season”
t0“bread wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Giza-171 exceeded Shandaweel-1 in kernels per spike in the second season.
- Taxon
- bread wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Material
- Giza-171e0
- Outcome
- number of kernels spike-1e0
- Direction
- surpassede0
- Comparator
- Shandaweel-1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Giza-171 surpassed Shandaweel-1 in flag leaf area, kernels weight spike-1, 1000-grain weight and protein% in both seasons, and number of kernels spike-1 in 2nd season”
t0“bread wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
The I6×SA3×WC2 interaction gave the highest thousand-grain weight, 78.0 g, in the first season.
- Taxon
- bread wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- I6×SA3×WC2e0
- Outcome
- 1000-grain weighte0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 78.0 ge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the second order interaction I6×SA3×WC2 gave the highest value for 1000-grain weight (78.0 g) in the 1st season only”
t0“bread wheat”
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