Abstract
Salinity hinders plant growth and decreases the yield of crops. Specific plant growth promoting rhizobacteria produces salicylic acid (SA) in significant amounts. The use of these bacteria is an environmentally friendly technique to counteract salinity stresses and play a key role in pathogens attack. In this study, the efficacy of eight bacterial strains of Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viciae (441 & 207), R. leguminosarum bv. trifolii (100 & 103), Bacillus polymyxa, Bacillus megaterium, Pseudomonas fluorescens and Azotobacter chroococcum were tested in vitro for SA production. Upon this test, A. chroococcum and P. fluorescens were nominated for further experiments. Both selected strains were tested for SA production as well as their in vitro diseases control effectiveness by using the extracts of some waste materials. The results indicated that the extract of onion skin and banana peels produced the maximum amounts of SA in A. chroococcum and P. fluorescens. Moreover, P. fluorescens grown on extracts of onion or banana waste materials in vitro restricted the mycelia of Fusarium solani and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and exhibited an antagonistic effect with a high PIRG (Percent Inhibition of Radial Growth) of 53.85 and 58.97 % respectively against F. solani and 66.5 and 65.52 % respectively in case of S. sclerotiorum. Field experiments outcomes revealed that adding of A. chroococcum + P. fluorescens based on onion skin extract was the most successful treatment in raising some growth and yield parameters in comparison with other rice (Oriza sativa cv. Sakha 101) treatments grown under saline soil.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record, shown for indexing and research. Copyright remains with the authors or the publisher. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Onion skin extract produced the maximum salicylic acid amount in A. chroococcum.
- Taxon
- RICE PLANTS
Oryza sativat0 - Treatment
- extract of onion skine0
- Interactor
- A. chroococcumAzotobacter chroococcume0symbiont
- Outcome
- SA in A. chroococcume0
- Direction
- maximume0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“RICE PLANTS”
e0“the extract of onion skin and banana peels produced the maximum amounts of SA in A. chroococcum and P. fluorescens”
Claim · model-written summary
Banana peel extract produced the maximum salicylic acid amount in P. fluorescens.
- Taxon
- RICE PLANTSOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- banana peelse0
- Interactor
- P. fluorescens
.JPG?width=60)
Pseudomonas fluorescense0symbiont - Outcome
- SAe0
- Direction
- maximume0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.JPG?width=500)
Verbatim
t0“RICE PLANTS”
e0“the extract of onion skin and banana peels produced the maximum amounts of SA in A. chroococcum and P. fluorescens”
Claim · model-written summary
P. fluorescens grown on onion extract inhibited F. solani radial growth by 53.85%.
- Taxon
- RICE PLANTSOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- extracts of onione0
- Interactor
- F. solani
_Sacc._5393379.jpg?width=60)
Fusarium solanie0pathogen - Second interactor
- P. fluorescensPseudomonas fluorescense0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- PIRG (Percent Inhibition of Radial Growth)e0
- Direction
- restrictede0
- Value
- 53.85e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_Sacc._5393379.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
t0“RICE PLANTS”
e0“P. fluorescens grown on extracts of onion or banana waste materials in vitro restricted the mycelia of Fusarium solani and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and exhibited an antagonistic effect with a high PIRG (Percent Inhibition of Radial Growth) of 53.85 and 58.97 % respectively against F. solani and 66.5 and 65.52 % respectively in case of S. sclerotiorum”
Claim · model-written summary
P. fluorescens grown on banana extract inhibited F. solani radial growth by 58.97%.
- Taxon
- RICE PLANTSOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- banana waste materialse0
- Interactor
- F. solaniFusarium solanie0pathogen
- Second interactor
- P. fluorescensPseudomonas fluorescense0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- PIRG (Percent Inhibition of Radial Growth)e0
- Direction
- restrictede0
- Value
- 58.97 %e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“RICE PLANTS”
e0“P. fluorescens grown on extracts of onion or banana waste materials in vitro restricted the mycelia of Fusarium solani and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and exhibited an antagonistic effect with a high PIRG (Percent Inhibition of Radial Growth) of 53.85 and 58.97 % respectively against F. solani and 66.5 and 65.52 % respectively in case of S. sclerotiorum”
Claim · model-written summary
P. fluorescens grown on onion extract inhibited S. sclerotiorum radial growth by 66.5%.
- Taxon
- RICE PLANTSOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- extracts of onione0
- Interactor
- S. sclerotiorum
Sclerotinia sclerotiorume0pathogen - Second interactor
- P. fluorescensPseudomonas fluorescense0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- PIRG (Percent Inhibition of Radial Growth)e0
- Direction
- restrictede0
- Value
- 66.5e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“RICE PLANTS”
e0“P. fluorescens grown on extracts of onion or banana waste materials in vitro restricted the mycelia of Fusarium solani and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and exhibited an antagonistic effect with a high PIRG (Percent Inhibition of Radial Growth) of 53.85 and 58.97 % respectively against F. solani and 66.5 and 65.52 % respectively in case of S. sclerotiorum”
Claim · model-written summary
P. fluorescens grown on banana extract inhibited S. sclerotiorum radial growth by 65.52%.
- Taxon
- RICE PLANTSOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- banana waste materialse0
- Interactor
- S. sclerotiorumSclerotinia sclerotiorume0pathogen
- Second interactor
- P. fluorescensPseudomonas fluorescense0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- PIRG (Percent Inhibition of Radial Growth)e0
- Direction
- restrictede0
- Value
- 65.52 %e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“RICE PLANTS”
e0“P. fluorescens grown on extracts of onion or banana waste materials in vitro restricted the mycelia of Fusarium solani and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and exhibited an antagonistic effect with a high PIRG (Percent Inhibition of Radial Growth) of 53.85 and 58.97 % respectively against F. solani and 66.5 and 65.52 % respectively in case of S. sclerotiorum”
Claim · model-written summary
Onion-extract-based A. chroococcum plus P. fluorescens most successfully raised rice growth and yield parameters under saline soil.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Material
- Sakha 101e0
- Treatment
- adding of A. chroococcum + P. fluorescens based on onion skin extracte0
- Interactor
- A. chroococcumAzotobacter chroococcume0symbiont
- Second interactor
- P. fluorescensPseudomonas fluorescense0symbiont
- Outcome
- growth and yield parameterse0
- Direction
- raisinge0
- Comparator
- other rice (Oriza sativa cv. Sakha 101) treatmentse0
- Setting
- saline soile0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“adding of A. chroococcum + P. fluorescens based on onion skin extract was the most successful treatment in raising some growth and yield parameters in comparison with other rice (Oriza sativa cv. Sakha 101) treatments grown under saline soil”
The same questions in other papers
Pseudomonas fluorescens · yield · Oryza sativa (rice)Results differ
29 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- positive
- positive
27 papers more in this group
See all 31 papers →Allium cepa · yield · Oryza sativa (rice)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
Azotobacter chroococcum · yield · Oryza sativa (rice)Results agree
4 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
1 paper more in this group
See all 5 papers →botanical · yield · Oryza sativa (rice)Results differ
192 papers in the same direction as this paper · 11 in the opposite direction · 4 reporting no difference from an alternative
- negative
- no effect
- negative
204 papers more in this group
See all 208 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.