Abstract
Abscisic acid (ABA) is a phytohormone that mediates stress responses and regulates plant development. Several ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters in the G subfamily of ABC (ABCG) proteins have been reported to transport ABA. We investigated whether there are any other ABCG proteins that mediate plant developmental processes regulated by ABA in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). The ABCG27 gene was upregulated in response to exogenous ABA treatment. The abcg27 knockout mutant exhibited two developmental defects: epinastic leaves and abnormally long pistils, which reduced fertility and silique length. ABCG27 expression was induced threefold when flower buds were exposed to exogenous ABA, and the promoter of ABCG27 had two ABA-responsive elements. ABA content in the pistil and true leaves were increased in the abcg27 knockout mutant. Detached abcg27 pistils exposed to exogenous ABA grew longer than those of the wild-type control. ABCG27 fused to GFP localized to the plasma membrane when expressed in Arabidopsis mesophyll protoplasts. A transcriptome analysis of the pistils and true leaves of the wild type and abcg27 knockout mutant revealed that the expression of organ development-related genes changed in the knockout mutant. In particular, the expression of trans-acting small interference (ta-si) RNA processing enzyme genes, which regulate flower and leaf development, was low in the knockout mutant. Together, these results suggest that ABCG27 most likely function as an ABA transporter at the plasma membrane, modulating ABA levels and thereby regulating the development of the pistils and leaves under normal, non-stressed conditions.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Exogenous ABA increased ABCG27 expression.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thaliana
Arabidopsis thalianae1 - Treatment
- exogenous ABA treatmente0
- Gene
- ABCG27e0
- Outcome
- ABCG27 genee0
- Direction
- upregulatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The ABCG27 gene was upregulated in response to exogenous ABA treatment.”
e1“Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana)”
Claim · model-written summary
The abcg27 knockout mutant had epinastic leaves.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianae1
- Material
- abcg27 knockout mutante0
- Organ / stage
- leavese0
- Outcome
- epinastic leavese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The abcg27 knockout mutant exhibited two developmental defects: epinastic leaves and abnormally long pistils”
e1“Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana)”
Claim · model-written summary
The abcg27 knockout mutant had abnormally long pistils, reduced fertility and shorter siliques.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianae2
- Material
- abcg27 knockout mutante1
- Organ / stage
- pistilse0
- Outcome
- abnormally long pistilse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“abnormally long pistils, which reduced fertility and silique length”
e1“The abcg27 knockout mutant exhibited two developmental defects”
e2“Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana)”
Claim · model-written summary
ABA treatment of flower buds induced ABCG27 expression threefold.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianae1
- Organ / stage
- flower budse0
- Treatment
- exogenous ABAe0
- Gene
- ABCG27e0
- Outcome
- ABCG27 expressione0
- Direction
- inducede0
- Value
- threefolde0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“ABCG27 expression was induced threefold when flower buds were exposed to exogenous ABA”
e1“Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana)”
Claim · model-written summary
The ABCG27 promoter contained two ABA-responsive elements.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianae1
- Gene
- ABCG27e0
- Outcome
- ABA-responsive elementse0
- Value
- twoe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the promoter of ABCG27 had two ABA-responsive elements”
e1“Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana)”
Claim · model-written summary
ABA content increased in abcg27 mutant pistils and true leaves.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianae1
- Material
- abcg27 knockout mutante0
- Organ / stage
- pistil and true leavese0
- Outcome
- ABA contente0
- Direction
- increasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“ABA content in the pistil and true leaves were increased in the abcg27 knockout mutant.”
e1“Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana)”
Claim · model-written summary
Detached abcg27 pistils grew longer than wild-type pistils after ABA exposure.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianae1
- Material
- abcg27e0
- Organ / stage
- pistilse0
- Treatment
- exogenous ABAe0
- Outcome
- pistilse0
- Direction
- grew longere0
- Comparator
- wild-type controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Detached abcg27 pistils exposed to exogenous ABA grew longer than those of the wild-type control.”
e1“Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana)”
Claim · model-written summary
ABCG27-GFP localized to the plasma membrane in Arabidopsis mesophyll protoplasts.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsise0
- Organ / stage
- mesophyll protoplastse0
- Gene
- ABCG27e0
- Outcome
- localized to the plasma membranee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“ABCG27 fused to GFP localized to the plasma membrane when expressed in Arabidopsis mesophyll protoplasts.”
Claim · model-written summary
Organ development-related gene expression changed in abcg27 pistils and leaves.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianae2
- Material
- abcg27 knockout mutante1
- Outcome
- expression of organ development-related genese0
- Direction
- changede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the expression of organ development-related genes changed in the knockout mutant”
e1“pistils and true leaves of the wild type and abcg27 knockout mutant”
e2“Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana)”
Claim · model-written summary
Expression of ta-si RNA processing enzyme genes was low in the abcg27 mutant.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianae1
- Gene
- trans-acting small interference (ta-si) RNA processing enzyme genese0
- Outcome
- expressione0
- Direction
- lowe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the expression of trans-acting small interference (ta-si) RNA processing enzyme genes, which regulate flower and leaf development, was low in the knockout mutant”
e1“Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana)”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors infer that ABCG27 transports ABA at the plasma membrane and thereby regulates pistil and leaf development.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianae1
- Gene
- ABCG27e0
- Compound
- ABAe0
- Outcome
- development of the pistils and leavese0
- Qualifier
- most likelye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“ABCG27 most likely function as an ABA transporter at the plasma membrane, modulating ABA levels and thereby regulating the development of the pistils and leaves under normal, non-stressed conditions.”
e1“Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana)”
The same questions in other papers
(+)-abscisic acid · molecular: expression · Arabidopsis thaliana (thale cress)Positive and negative results
30 papers in the same direction as this paper · 19 in the opposite direction
- negative
- no effect
- negative
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See all 50 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.