Abstract
Exogenous application of antioxidants can be helpful for plants to resist salinity, which can be a potentially simple, economical, and culturally feasible approach, compared with introgression and genetic engineering. Foliar spraying of alpha-tocopherol (α-tocopherol) is an approach to improve plant growth under salinity stress. Alpha-tocopherol acts as an antioxidant preventing salinity-induced cellular oxidation. This study was designed to investigate the negative effects of salinity (0 and 120mM NaCl) on linseed ( Linum usitatissimum L.) and their alleviation by foliar spraying of α-tocopherol (0, 100, and 200mg L −1 ). Seeds of varieties “Chandni and Roshni” were grown in sand-filled plastic pots, laid in a completely randomized design in a factorial arrangement, and each treatment was replicated three times. Salinity significantly affected linseed morphology and yield by reducing shoot and root dry weights, photosynthetic pigment (Chl. a , Chl. b , total Chl., and carotenoids) contents, mineral ion (Ca 2+ , K + ) uptake, and 100-seed weight. Concomitantly, salinity increased Na + , proline, soluble protein, peroxidase, catalase, and superoxide dismutase activities in both varieties. Conversely, the growth and yield of linseed varieties were significantly restored by foliar spraying of α-tocopherol under saline conditions, improving shoot and root dry matter accumulation, photosynthetic pigment, mineral ion, proline, soluble protein contents, peroxidase, catalase, superoxide dismutase activities, and 100-seed weight. Moreover, foliar spray of α-tocopherol alleviated the effects of salinity stress by reducing the Na + concentration and enhancing K + and Ca 2+ uptake. The Chandni variety performed better than the Roshni, for all growth and physiological parameters studied. Foliar spray of α-tocopherol (200mg L −1 ) alleviated salinity effects by improving the antioxidant potential of linseed varieties, which ultimately restored growth and yield. Therefore, the use of α-tocopherol may enhance the productivity of linseed and other crops under saline soils.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 16
Claim · model-written summary
Salinity reduced linseed shoot and root dry weights.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Salinity significantly affected linseed morphology and yield by reducing shoot and root dry weights, photosynthetic pigment (Chl. a , Chl. b , total Chl., and carotenoids) contents, mineral ion (Ca 2+ , K + ) uptake, and 100-seed weight”
Claim · model-written summary
Salinity reduced linseed photosynthetic pigments.
- Taxon
- linseede0
- Treatment
- Salinitye0
- Outcome
- photosynthetic pigment (Chl. a , Chl. b , total Chl., and carotenoids) contentse0
- Direction
- reducinge0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Salinity significantly affected linseed morphology and yield by reducing shoot and root dry weights, photosynthetic pigment (Chl. a , Chl. b , total Chl., and carotenoids) contents, mineral ion (Ca 2+ , K + ) uptake, and 100-seed weight”
Claim · model-written summary
Salinity reduced linseed calcium and potassium uptake.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Salinity significantly affected linseed morphology and yield by reducing shoot and root dry weights, photosynthetic pigment (Chl. a , Chl. b , total Chl., and carotenoids) contents, mineral ion (Ca 2+ , K + ) uptake, and 100-seed weight”
Claim · model-written summary
Salinity reduced linseed 100-seed weight.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Salinity significantly affected linseed morphology and yield by reducing shoot and root dry weights, photosynthetic pigment (Chl. a , Chl. b , total Chl., and carotenoids) contents, mineral ion (Ca 2+ , K + ) uptake, and 100-seed weight”
Claim · model-written summary
Salinity increased sodium in both linseed varieties.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“salinity increased Na + , proline, soluble protein, peroxidase, catalase, and superoxide dismutase activities in both varieties”
t0“Linseed”
Claim · model-written summary
Salinity increased proline and soluble protein in both linseed varieties.
- Taxon
- linseedt0
- Treatment
- salinitye0
- Outcome
- proline, soluble proteine0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- both varietiese0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“salinity increased Na + , proline, soluble protein, peroxidase, catalase, and superoxide dismutase activities in both varieties”
t0“Linseed”
Claim · model-written summary
Salinity increased peroxidase, catalase, and superoxide dismutase activities in both linseed varieties.
- Taxon
- linseedt0
- Treatment
- salinitye0
- Outcome
- peroxidase, catalase, and superoxide dismutase activitiese0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- both varietiese0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“salinity increased Na + , proline, soluble protein, peroxidase, catalase, and superoxide dismutase activities in both varieties”
t0“Linseed”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar α-tocopherol improved shoot and root dry matter under salinity.
- Taxon
- linseedt0
- Treatment
- foliar spraying of α-tocopherole0
- Outcome
- shoot and root dry matter accumulatione0
- Direction
- improvinge0
- Qualifier
- under saline conditionse0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“foliar spraying of α-tocopherol under saline conditions, improving shoot and root dry matter accumulation, photosynthetic pigment, mineral ion, proline, soluble protein contents, peroxidase, catalase, superoxide dismutase activities, and 100-seed weight”
t0“Linseed”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar α-tocopherol improved photosynthetic pigment and mineral ion contents under salinity.
- Taxon
- linseedt0
- Treatment
- foliar spraying of α-tocopherole0
- Outcome
- photosynthetic pigment, mineral ione0
- Direction
- improvinge0
- Qualifier
- under saline conditionse0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“foliar spraying of α-tocopherol under saline conditions, improving shoot and root dry matter accumulation, photosynthetic pigment, mineral ion, proline, soluble protein contents, peroxidase, catalase, superoxide dismutase activities, and 100-seed weight”
t0“Linseed”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar α-tocopherol improved proline and soluble protein contents under salinity.
- Taxon
- linseedt0
- Treatment
- foliar spraying of α-tocopherole0
- Outcome
- proline, soluble protein contentse0
- Direction
- improvinge0
- Qualifier
- under saline conditionse0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“foliar spraying of α-tocopherol under saline conditions, improving shoot and root dry matter accumulation, photosynthetic pigment, mineral ion, proline, soluble protein contents, peroxidase, catalase, superoxide dismutase activities, and 100-seed weight”
t0“Linseed”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar α-tocopherol improved peroxidase, catalase, and superoxide dismutase activities under salinity.
- Taxon
- linseedt0
- Treatment
- foliar spraying of α-tocopherole0
- Outcome
- peroxidase, catalase, superoxide dismutase activitiese0
- Direction
- improvinge0
- Qualifier
- under saline conditionse0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“foliar spraying of α-tocopherol under saline conditions, improving shoot and root dry matter accumulation, photosynthetic pigment, mineral ion, proline, soluble protein contents, peroxidase, catalase, superoxide dismutase activities, and 100-seed weight”
t0“Linseed”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar α-tocopherol improved linseed 100-seed weight under salinity.
- Taxon
- linseedt0
- Treatment
- foliar spraying of α-tocopherole0
- Outcome
- 100-seed weighte0
- Direction
- improvinge0
- Qualifier
- under saline conditionse0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“foliar spraying of α-tocopherol under saline conditions, improving shoot and root dry matter accumulation, photosynthetic pigment, mineral ion, proline, soluble protein contents, peroxidase, catalase, superoxide dismutase activities, and 100-seed weight”
t0“Linseed”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar α-tocopherol reduced sodium concentration under salinity.
- Taxon
- linseedt0
- Treatment
- foliar spray of α-tocopherole0
- Outcome
- Na + concentratione0
- Direction
- reducinge0
- Qualifier
- salinity stresse0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“foliar spray of α-tocopherol alleviated the effects of salinity stress by reducing the Na + concentration and enhancing K + and Ca 2+ uptake”
t0“Linseed”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar α-tocopherol enhanced potassium and calcium uptake under salinity.
- Taxon
- linseedt0
- Treatment
- foliar spray of α-tocopherole0
- Outcome
- K + and Ca 2+ uptakee0
- Direction
- enhancinge0
- Qualifier
- salinity stresse0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“foliar spray of α-tocopherol alleviated the effects of salinity stress by reducing the Na + concentration and enhancing K + and Ca 2+ uptake”
t0“Linseed”
Claim · model-written summary
Chandni outperformed Roshni across measured growth and physiological traits.
Verbatim
e0“The Chandni variety performed better than the Roshni, for all growth and physiological parameters studied”
t0“Linseed”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend α-tocopherol to improve linseed productivity on saline soils.
Verbatim
e0“the use of α-tocopherol may enhance the productivity of linseed and other crops under saline soils”
The same questions in other papers
alpha-tocopherol · physiology: photosynthesis · Linum usitatissimum (flax)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
alpha-tocopherol · nutrient: content · Linum usitatissimum (flax)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
alpha-tocopherol · yield · Linum usitatissimum (flax)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
salinity · growth · Linum usitatissimum (flax)Results differ
15 papers in the same direction as this paper · 4 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
- positive
16 papers more in this group
See all 20 papers →salinity · yield · Linum usitatissimum (flax)Positive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- positive
- negative
- negative
application · yield · Linum usitatissimum (flax)Positive and negative results
49 papers in the same direction as this paper · 4 in the opposite direction
- negative
- no effect
- negative
50 papers more in this group
See all 54 papers →application · physiology: osmolytes · Linum usitatissimum (flax)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
application · physiology: antioxidant enzymes · Linum usitatissimum (flax)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
8 of 13 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.