Abstract
Fe biofortification and Cd mitigation in rice is essential for human health, thus the effects of fertilization with Fe on Cd uptake and distribution in rice need to be comprehensively studied. In this study, we investigated the roles of root iron (Fe)/manganese (Mn) plaques, root cell wall, organic acid, and expressions of Cd-transport related genes in restricting Cd uptake and translocation. The rice plants were exposed to 1 μM CdCl2 with or without the addition of three doses of Fe at 5, 50, and 500 μM EDTA-Na2Fe. The results showed that increasing supply of Fe remarkably reduced Cd accumulation in the shoots, mainly because of inhibited translocation of Cd from roots to shoots. As compared to 5 μM Fe treatment, 500 μM Fe significantly increased the ionic soluble pectin (ISP) content and decreased citric acid (CA) in the roots, thereby providing more Cd-binding sites in the cell wall of roots and reducing the mobility of Cd in xylem. Plant Fe status-mediated CA act as the main chelator for Cd mobilization, rather than through decreasing the pH. However, the plants supplied with low Fe or excess Fe facilitated the uptake of Cd in rice roots, as low Fe up-regulated the expression of Cd-transport related genes and excess Fe enhanced Cd enrichment on the root by iron plaque. Importantly, soil fertilization with Fe strongly reduced Cd accumulation in rice grain. Thus, optimizing the soil environmental Fe could effectively reduce Cd accumulation in the shoots by immobilizing Cd in the roots.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing Fe supply reduced Cd accumulation in rice shoots, mainly by inhibiting Cd translocation from roots to shoots.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativat0 - Treatment
- increasing supply of Fee1
- Outcome
- Cd accumulation in the shootse1
- Direction
- reducede1
- Qualifier
- mainly because of inhibited translocation of Cd from roots to shootse1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Fe fortification limits rice Cd accumulation”
e1“The results showed that increasing supply of Fe remarkably reduced Cd accumulation in the shoots, mainly because of inhibited translocation of Cd from roots to shoots”
Claim · model-written summary
500 μM Fe significantly increased the ionic soluble pectin content in rice roots compared with 5 μM Fe.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Organ / stage
- rootse2
- Treatment
- 500 μM Fee2
- Outcome
- ionic soluble pectin (ISP) contente2
- Direction
- increasede2
- Comparator
- 5 μM Fe treatmente2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Fe fortification limits rice Cd accumulation”
e2“As compared to 5 μM Fe treatment, 500 μM Fe significantly increased the ionic soluble pectin (ISP) content and decreased citric acid (CA) in the roots, thereby providing more Cd-binding sites in the cell wall of roots and reducing the mobility of Cd in xylem”
Claim · model-written summary
500 μM Fe decreased citric acid in rice roots compared with 5 μM Fe.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Organ / stage
- rootse2
- Treatment
- 500 μM Fee2
- Outcome
- citric acid (CA)e2
- Direction
- decreasede2
- Comparator
- 5 μM Fe treatmente2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Fe fortification limits rice Cd accumulation”
e2“As compared to 5 μM Fe treatment, 500 μM Fe significantly increased the ionic soluble pectin (ISP) content and decreased citric acid (CA) in the roots, thereby providing more Cd-binding sites in the cell wall of roots and reducing the mobility of Cd in xylem”
Claim · model-written summary
500 μM Fe lowered Cd mobility in rice xylem by providing more Cd-binding sites in root cell walls.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- 500 μM Fee2
- Outcome
- mobility of Cd in xyleme2
- Qualifier
- thereby providing more Cd-binding sites in the cell wall of rootse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Fe fortification limits rice Cd accumulation”
e2“As compared to 5 μM Fe treatment, 500 μM Fe significantly increased the ionic soluble pectin (ISP) content and decreased citric acid (CA) in the roots, thereby providing more Cd-binding sites in the cell wall of roots and reducing the mobility of Cd in xylem”
Claim · model-written summary
Citric acid is the main chelator for Cd mobilization in rice, rather than a pH decrease (authors suggest).
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Compound
- CAe3
- Outcome
- Cd mobilizatione3
- Qualifier
- rather than through decreasing the pHe3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Fe fortification limits rice Cd accumulation”
e3“Plant Fe status-mediated CA act as the main chelator for Cd mobilization, rather than through decreasing the pH”
Claim · model-written summary
Low Fe up-regulated expression of Cd-transport related genes in rice.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- low Fee4
- Gene
- Cd-transport related genese4
- Outcome
- expression of Cd-transport related genese4
- Direction
- up-regulatede4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Fe fortification limits rice Cd accumulation”
e4“However, the plants supplied with low Fe or excess Fe facilitated the uptake of Cd in rice roots, as low Fe up-regulated the expression of Cd-transport related genes and excess Fe enhanced Cd enrichment on the root by iron plaque”
Claim · model-written summary
Low Fe facilitated Cd uptake in rice roots.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- low Fee4
- Outcome
- uptake of Cd in rice rootse4
- Direction
- facilitatede4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Fe fortification limits rice Cd accumulation”
e4“However, the plants supplied with low Fe or excess Fe facilitated the uptake of Cd in rice roots, as low Fe up-regulated the expression of Cd-transport related genes and excess Fe enhanced Cd enrichment on the root by iron plaque”
Claim · model-written summary
Excess Fe enhanced Cd enrichment on rice roots through iron plaque.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- excess Fee4
- Outcome
- Cd enrichment on the roote4
- Direction
- enhancede4
- Qualifier
- by iron plaquee4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Fe fortification limits rice Cd accumulation”
e4“However, the plants supplied with low Fe or excess Fe facilitated the uptake of Cd in rice roots, as low Fe up-regulated the expression of Cd-transport related genes and excess Fe enhanced Cd enrichment on the root by iron plaque”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil fertilization with Fe strongly reduced Cd accumulation in rice grain.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae5
- Organ / stage
- rice graine5
- Treatment
- soil fertilization with Fee5
- Outcome
- Cd accumulation in rice graine5
- Direction
- reducede5
- Qualifier
- stronglye5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“Importantly, soil fertilization with Fe strongly reduced Cd accumulation in rice grain”
Claim · model-written summary
Optimizing soil Fe could reduce Cd accumulation in rice shoots by immobilizing Cd in the roots (authors suggest).
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- optimizing the soil environmental Fee6
- Outcome
- Cd accumulation in the shootse6
- Qualifier
- by immobilizing Cd in the rootse6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Fe fortification limits rice Cd accumulation”
e6“Thus, optimizing the soil environmental Fe could effectively reduce Cd accumulation in the shoots by immobilizing Cd in the roots”
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