Abstract
Appropriate nitrogen (N) fertilization in vegetable-maize rotations is effective in improving agricultural production and mitigating environmental impacts to ensure sustainable food security. The dynamic and sustainability of crop yields, crop root biomasses, and accumulations and sequestration rates of soil organic C (SOC) and total N (STN) were explored and analyzed under four N application rates (kg N ha−1 year−1): 0 (Control), 285 (Low-N), 480 (Medium-N), and 720 (High-N). The Low-N and Medium-N applications increased Chinese cabbage yield by 22% and 20.7% than the High-N application, respectively. The Medium-N application gained the highest grain yield and root biomass in the maize season when compared with the Low-N application. The sustainable yield index had no difference between Low-N and Medium-N treatments in Chinese cabbage-maize rotation. Compared to the Low-N application, the Medium-N application improved the storage and sequestration rates of SOC and STN. Simultaneously, the Medium-N application significantly enhanced the soil C:N ratio than the High-N application. In conclusion, the Medium-N application is a promising fertilization strategy in the Chinese cabbage-maize cropping system as it increases the yield and root biomass of crops, improves the accumulation and sequestration rates of SOC and STN, and maintains a high soil C:N ratio.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Low-N increased Chinese cabbage yield by 22% versus High-N.
- Taxon
- Chinese cabbage
Brassica rapa subsp. pekinensise0 - Treatment
- Low-Ne0
- Outcome
- Chinese cabbage yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 22%e0
- Comparator
- High-Ne0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The Low-N and Medium-N applications increased Chinese cabbage yield by 22% and 20.7% than the High-N application, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Medium-N increased Chinese cabbage yield by 20.7% versus High-N.
- Taxon
- Chinese cabbageBrassica rapa subsp. pekinensise0
- Treatment
- Medium-Ne0
- Outcome
- Chinese cabbage yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 20.7%e0
- Comparator
- High-Ne0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The Low-N and Medium-N applications increased Chinese cabbage yield by 22% and 20.7% than the High-N application, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Medium-N produced the highest maize grain yield compared with Low-N.
Zea maysOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The Medium-N application gained the highest grain yield and root biomass in the maize season when compared with the Low-N application”
Claim · model-written summary
Medium-N produced the highest maize root biomass compared with Low-N.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The Medium-N application gained the highest grain yield and root biomass in the maize season when compared with the Low-N application”
Claim · model-written summary
The sustainable yield index did not differ between Low-N and Medium-N.
Verbatim
e0“The sustainable yield index had no difference between Low-N and Medium-N treatments in Chinese cabbage-maize rotation”
Claim · model-written summary
Medium-N improved SOC storage versus Low-N.
Verbatim
e0“Compared to the Low-N application, the Medium-N application improved the storage and sequestration rates of SOC and STN”
t0“Chinese cabbage-maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Medium-N improved SOC sequestration rates versus Low-N.
Verbatim
e0“Compared to the Low-N application, the Medium-N application improved the storage and sequestration rates of SOC and STN”
t0“Chinese cabbage-maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Medium-N improved STN storage versus Low-N.
Verbatim
e0“Compared to the Low-N application, the Medium-N application improved the storage and sequestration rates of SOC and STN”
t0“Chinese cabbage-maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Medium-N improved STN sequestration rates versus Low-N.
Verbatim
e0“Compared to the Low-N application, the Medium-N application improved the storage and sequestration rates of SOC and STN”
t0“Chinese cabbage-maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Medium-N significantly increased the soil C:N ratio versus High-N.
Verbatim
e0“the Medium-N application significantly enhanced the soil C:N ratio than the High-N application”
t0“Chinese cabbage-maize”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend Medium-N for the cabbage-maize system.
Not reportedDirection
Verbatim
e0“the Medium-N application is a promising fertilization strategy in the Chinese cabbage-maize cropping system”
t0“Chinese cabbage-maize”
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