Abstract
The reduction in growth of maize (Zea mays L.) seedling primary roots induced by salinization of the nutrient medium with 100 millimolar NaCl was accompanied by reductions in the length of the root tip elongation zone, the length of fully elongated epidermal cells, and the apparent rate of cell production: Each was partially restored when calcium levels in the salinized growth medium were increased from 0.5 to 10.0 millimolar. We investigated the possibility that the inhibition of elongation growth by salinity might be associated with an inhibition of cell wall acidification, such as that which occurs when root growth is inhibited by IAA. A qualitative assay of root surface acidification, using bromocresol purple pH indicator in agar, showed that salinized roots, with and without extra calcium, produced a zone of surface acidification which was similar to that produced by control roots. The zone of acidification began 1 to 2 millimeters behind the tip and coincided with the zone of cell elongation. The remainder of the root alkalinized its surface. Kinetics of surface acidification were assayed quantitatively by placing a flat tipped pH electrode in contact with the elongation zone. The pH at the epidermal surfaces of roots grown either with 100 millimolar NaCl (growth inhibitory), or with 10 millimolar calcium +/- NaCl (little growth inhibition), declined from 6.0 to 5.1 over 30 minutes. We conclude that NaCl did not inhibit growth by reducing the capacity of epidermal cells to acidify their walls.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Salinization with 100 mM NaCl reduced growth of maize primary roots.
- Organ / stage
- primary rootse0
- Treatment
- salinization of the nutrient medium with 100 millimolar NaCle0
- Outcome
- growth of maize (Zea mays L.) seedling primary rootse0
- Direction
- reductione0
Zea maysNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The reduction in growth of maize (Zea mays L.) seedling primary roots induced by salinization of the nutrient medium with 100 millimolar NaCl was accompanied by reductions in the length of the root tip elongation zone, the length of fully elongated epidermal cells, and the apparent rate of cell production”
Claim · model-written summary
NaCl salinization was accompanied by reductions in root tip elongation zone length, epidermal cell length and apparent cell production rate.
- Treatment
- salinization of the nutrient medium with 100 millimolar NaCle0
- Outcome
- the length of the root tip elongation zone, the length of fully elongated epidermal cells, and the apparent rate of cell productione0
- Direction
- reductionse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The reduction in growth of maize (Zea mays L.) seedling primary roots induced by salinization of the nutrient medium with 100 millimolar NaCl was accompanied by reductions in the length of the root tip elongation zone, the length of fully elongated epidermal cells, and the apparent rate of cell production”
Claim · model-written summary
Raising calcium from 0.5 to 10.0 millimolar in salinized medium partially restored the elongation zone length, epidermal cell length and apparent cell production rate of maize roots.
- Treatment
- calcium levels in the salinized growth medium were increased from 0.5 to 10.0 millimolare1
- Outcome
- the length of the root tip elongation zone, the length of fully elongated epidermal cells, and the apparent rate of cell productione0
- Direction
- partially restorede1
- Comparator
- salinized growth mediume1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The reduction in growth of maize (Zea mays L.) seedling primary roots induced by salinization of the nutrient medium with 100 millimolar NaCl was accompanied by reductions in the length of the root tip elongation zone, the length of fully elongated epidermal cells, and the apparent rate of cell production”
e1“Each was partially restored when calcium levels in the salinized growth medium were increased from 0.5 to 10.0 millimolar”
Claim · model-written summary
Salinized roots, with and without extra calcium, produced a zone of surface acidification similar to that of control roots.
- Treatment
- salinized roots, with and without extra calciume3
- Outcome
- zone of surface acidificatione3
- Direction
- similare3
- Comparator
- control rootse3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The reduction in growth of maize (Zea mays L.) seedling primary roots induced by salinization of the nutrient medium with 100 millimolar NaCl was accompanied by reductions in the length of the root tip elongation zone, the length of fully elongated epidermal cells, and the apparent rate of cell production”
e3“showed that salinized roots, with and without extra calcium, produced a zone of surface acidification which was similar to that produced by control roots”
Claim · model-written summary
The zone of surface acidification began 1 to 2 millimeters behind the root tip and coincided with the zone of cell elongation.
- Outcome
- zone of acidificatione4
- Value
- 1 to 2 millimeters behind the tipe4
- Qualifier
- coincided with the zone of cell elongatione4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The reduction in growth of maize (Zea mays L.) seedling primary roots induced by salinization of the nutrient medium with 100 millimolar NaCl was accompanied by reductions in the length of the root tip elongation zone, the length of fully elongated epidermal cells, and the apparent rate of cell production”
e4“The zone of acidification began 1 to 2 millimeters behind the tip and coincided with the zone of cell elongation”
Claim · model-written summary
The remainder of the maize root alkalinized its surface.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The reduction in growth of maize (Zea mays L.) seedling primary roots induced by salinization of the nutrient medium with 100 millimolar NaCl was accompanied by reductions in the length of the root tip elongation zone, the length of fully elongated epidermal cells, and the apparent rate of cell production”
e5“The remainder of the root alkalinized its surface”
Claim · model-written summary
At the epidermal surfaces of roots grown with 100 mM NaCl, pH declined from 6.0 to 5.1 over 30 minutes.
- Treatment
- 100 millimolar NaCle6
- Outcome
- pH at the epidermal surfacese6
- Direction
- declinede6
- Value
- from 6.0 to 5.1 over 30 minutese6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The reduction in growth of maize (Zea mays L.) seedling primary roots induced by salinization of the nutrient medium with 100 millimolar NaCl was accompanied by reductions in the length of the root tip elongation zone, the length of fully elongated epidermal cells, and the apparent rate of cell production”
e6“The pH at the epidermal surfaces of roots grown either with 100 millimolar NaCl (growth inhibitory), or with 10 millimolar calcium +/- NaCl (little growth inhibition), declined from 6.0 to 5.1 over 30 minutes”
Claim · model-written summary
At the epidermal surfaces of roots grown with 10 mM calcium, with or without NaCl, pH declined from 6.0 to 5.1 over 30 minutes.
- Treatment
- 10 millimolar calciume6
- Outcome
- pH at the epidermal surfacese6
- Direction
- declinede6
- Value
- from 6.0 to 5.1 over 30 minutese6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The reduction in growth of maize (Zea mays L.) seedling primary roots induced by salinization of the nutrient medium with 100 millimolar NaCl was accompanied by reductions in the length of the root tip elongation zone, the length of fully elongated epidermal cells, and the apparent rate of cell production”
e6“The pH at the epidermal surfaces of roots grown either with 100 millimolar NaCl (growth inhibitory), or with 10 millimolar calcium +/- NaCl (little growth inhibition), declined from 6.0 to 5.1 over 30 minutes”
Claim · model-written summary
NaCl did not inhibit maize root growth by reducing the capacity of epidermal cells to acidify their walls (author interpretation).
- Treatment
- NaCle2
- Outcome
- growthe2
- Qualifier
- reducing the capacity of epidermal cells to acidify their wallse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The reduction in growth of maize (Zea mays L.) seedling primary roots induced by salinization of the nutrient medium with 100 millimolar NaCl was accompanied by reductions in the length of the root tip elongation zone, the length of fully elongated epidermal cells, and the apparent rate of cell production”
e2“We conclude that NaCl did not inhibit growth by reducing the capacity of epidermal cells to acidify their walls”
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