Abstract
BACKGROUND: L.) planting technology. This study aims to demonstrate the effects of drip tape modes on soil hydrothermal conditions, cotton yield, and water use efficiency (WUE) of machine-harvest cotton under mulch in Xinjiang. METHODS: A field experiment was conducted to set up two machine-harvest cotton planting patterns (T1: the cotton planting model with one film, two drip tapes and six rows; T2: the cotton planting model with one film, three drip tapes and six rows), and a conventional planting mode (T3: the cotton planting model with one film, two drip tapes and four rows) as a control. RESULTS: Our results showed that the heat preservation and warming effects of the cotton planting model with one film, two drip tapes and six rows and the cotton planting model with one film, three drip tapes and six rows were better than that of the conventional planting mode. Soil temperature under the mulching film quickly increased and slowly decreased, which was beneficial to the early growth and development of cotton. The mean soil moisture content of the 0-60 cm soil layer in the cotton planting model with one film, three drip tapes and six rows was significantly higher than the other two treatments at the middle and late stage of cotton growth (90 days after sowing (DAS) and 135 DAS). Moreover, the water holding capacity of the middle and upper part of the tillage layer in the cotton planting model with one film, three drip tapes and six rows was the best. At the medium cotton growth stage, the main root layer in the cotton planting model with one film, three drip tapes and six rows formed a desalination zone. At the late cotton growth stage, the soil salinity content of the 0-60 cm soil layer showed that the cotton planting model with one film, three drip tapes and six rows was the lowest, the cotton planting model with one film, two drip tapes and six rows was the highest, and the conventional planting pattern was in the middle. Among these three modes, the cotton planting model with one film, three drip tapes and six rows was more efficient in controlling soil salt accumulation. The agronomic traits and cotton quality in the cotton planting model with one film, three drip tapes and six rows were better than that for the other two treatments. Compared with the other treatments, the cotton yield in the cotton planting model with one film, three drip tapes and six rows increased by 6.15% and 11.0% and 8.1% and 12.3%, in 2017 and 2018, respectively, and WUE increased by 17.4% and 22.7% and 20.9% and 22.8%, in 2017 and 2018 respectively. In conclusion, the cotton planting model with one film, three drip tapes and six rows can be recommended for machine-harvest cotton planting for arid areas in Xinjiang, considering water conservation and improving cotton yield.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Both six row cotton modes provided better soil warming than conventional planting.
- Taxon
- cotton
Gossypium hirsutume0 - Treatment
- one film, two drip tapes and six rowse0
- Outcome
- heat preservation and warming effectse0
- Direction
- bettere0
- Comparator
- conventional planting modee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the heat preservation and warming effects of the cotton planting model with one film, two drip tapes and six rows and the cotton planting model with one film, three drip tapes and six rows were better than that of the conventional planting mode”
Claim · model-written summary
The three tape six row mode had significantly higher mid and late stage soil moisture.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Treatment
- one film, three drip tapes and six rowse0
- Outcome
- mean soil moisture content of the 0-60 cm soil layere0
- Direction
- highere0
- Qualifier
- middle and late stage of cotton growth (90 days after sowing (DAS) and 135 DAS)e0
- Comparator
- other two treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The mean soil moisture content of the 0-60 cm soil layer in the cotton planting model with one film, three drip tapes and six rows was significantly higher than the other two treatments at the middle and late stage of cotton growth (90 days after sowing (DAS) and 135 DAS)”
Claim · model-written summary
Three tapes gave the best water holding capacity in the middle and upper tillage layer.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Treatment
- one film, three drip tapes and six rowse0
- Outcome
- water holding capacity of the middle and upper part of the tillage layere0
- Direction
- beste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the water holding capacity of the middle and upper part of the tillage layer in the cotton planting model with one film, three drip tapes and six rows was the best”
Claim · model-written summary
A desalination zone formed in the main root layer under the three tape mode.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Organ / stage
- main root layere0
- Treatment
- one film, three drip tapes and six rowse0
- Outcome
- formed a desalination zonee0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the main root layer in the cotton planting model with one film, three drip tapes and six rows formed a desalination zone”
Claim · model-written summary
Three tapes had the lowest late stage soil salinity.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Treatment
- one film, three drip tapes and six rowse0
- Outcome
- soil salinity content of the 0-60 cm soil layere0
- Direction
- loweste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the soil salinity content of the 0-60 cm soil layer showed that the cotton planting model with one film, three drip tapes and six rows was the lowest”
Claim · model-written summary
Two tapes with six rows had the highest late stage soil salinity.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Treatment
- one film, two drip tapes and six rowse0
- Outcome
- soil salinity contente1
- Direction
- higheste0
- Comparator
- conventional planting patterne0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the cotton planting model with one film, two drip tapes and six rows was the highest, and the conventional planting pattern was in the middle”
e1“soil salinity content of the 0-60 cm soil layer”
Claim · model-written summary
The three tape mode improved agronomic traits and cotton quality.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Treatment
- one film, three drip tapes and six rowse0
- Outcome
- agronomic traits and cotton qualitye0
- Direction
- bettere0
- Comparator
- other two treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The agronomic traits and cotton quality in the cotton planting model with one film, three drip tapes and six rows were better than that for the other two treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
The three tape mode increased cotton yield versus other modes in 2017 and 2018.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Treatment
- one film, three drip tapes and six rowse0
- Outcome
- cotton yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 6.15% and 11.0% and 8.1% and 12.3%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the cotton yield in the cotton planting model with one film, three drip tapes and six rows increased by 6.15% and 11.0% and 8.1% and 12.3%, in 2017 and 2018, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
The three tape mode increased cotton water use efficiency in 2017 and 2018.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- three drip tapese1
- Outcome
- WUEe0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 17.4% and 22.7% and 20.9% and 22.8%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“WUE increased by 17.4% and 22.7% and 20.9% and 22.8%, in 2017 and 2018 respectively”
t0“cotton yield”
e1“one film, three drip tapes and six rows was the best”
Claim · model-written summary
The three tape six row configuration was recommended for machine harvest cotton in arid Xinjiang.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Outcome
- cotton planting model with one film, three drip tapes and six rowse0
- Setting
- Xinjiange0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the cotton planting model with one film, three drip tapes and six rows can be recommended for machine-harvest cotton planting for arid areas in Xinjiang”
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