Abstract
The physiological and biochemical role of the γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) shunt pathway in green pea seedlings (Pisum sativum L.) was studied in response to soil water holding capacity levels: 80%, 60%, 40%, 20%, and 10% grown under continuous light at 25 °C for 7 days and 14 days, separately. Characterization of seeds germination pattern, seedlings growth (plant height, fresh and dry weight, and chlorophyll contents), GABA shunt metabolite (GABA, glutamate, and alanine) levels, total protein and carbohydrate levels, and oxidative damage (MDA level) were examined. Data showed a significant effect of drought stress on seed germination, plant growth, GABA shunt metabolites level, total protein and carbohydrate contents, and MDA level. A significant decline in seed germination percentage was recorded at a 20% drought level, which indicated that 20% of soil water holding capacity is the threshold value of water availability for normal germination after 14 days. Seedling fresh weight, dry weight, and plant height were significantly reduced with a positive correlation as water availability was decreased. There was a significant decrease with a positive correlation in Chl a and Chl b contents in response to 7 days and 14 days of drought. GABA shunt metabolites were significantly increased with a negative correlation as water availability decreased. Pea seedlings showed a significant increase in protein content as drought stress was increased. Total carbohydrate levels increased significantly when the amount of water availability decreased. MDA content increased slightly but significantly after 7 days and sharply after 14 days under all water stress levels. The maximum increase in MDA content was observed at 20% and 10% water levels. Overall, the significant increases in GABA, protein and carbohydrate contents were to cope with the physiological impact of drought stress on Pisum sativum L. seedlings by maintaining cellular osmotic adjustment, protecting plants from oxidative stress, balancing carbon and nitrogen (C:N) metabolism, and maintaining cell metabolic homeostasis and cell turgor. The results presented in this study indicated that severe (less than 40% water content of the holding capacity) and long-term drought stress should be avoided during the germination stage to ensure proper seedling growth and metabolism in Pisum sativum L.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
At 20% water holding capacity, germination declined significantly after 14 days.
- Taxon
- Pisum sativum L.
Lathyrus oleraceust0 - Treatment
- 20% drought levele0
- Outcome
- seed germination percentagee0
- Direction
- declinee0
- Value
- 20%e0
- Qualifier
- after 14 dayse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A significant decline in seed germination percentage was recorded at a 20% drought level, which indicated that 20% of soil water holding capacity is the threshold value of water availability for normal germination after 14 days”
t0“Pisum sativum L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Seedling fresh weight, dry weight, and height decreased as water availability declined.
- Taxon
- Pisum sativum L.Lathyrus oleraceust0
- Treatment
- water availabilitye0
- Outcome
- Seedling fresh weight, dry weight, and plant heighte0
- Direction
- reducede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Seedling fresh weight, dry weight, and plant height were significantly reduced with a positive correlation as water availability was decreased”
t0“Pisum sativum L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Chlorophyll a and b decreased under drought at 7 and 14 days.
- Taxon
- Pisum sativum L.Lathyrus oleraceust0
- Treatment
- droughte0
- Outcome
- Chl a and Chl b contentse0
- Direction
- decreasee0
- Qualifier
- 7 days and 14 dayse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“There was a significant decrease with a positive correlation in Chl a and Chl b contents in response to 7 days and 14 days of drought”
t0“Pisum sativum L.”
Claim · model-written summary
GABA shunt metabolites increased as water availability fell.
- Taxon
- Pisum sativum L.Lathyrus oleraceust0
- Treatment
- water availabilitye0
- Outcome
- GABA shunt metabolitese0
- Direction
- increasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“GABA shunt metabolites were significantly increased with a negative correlation as water availability decreased”
t0“Pisum sativum L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Seedling protein content increased with drought stress.
- Taxon
- PeaLathyrus oleraceuse0
- Treatment
- drought stresse0
- Outcome
- protein contente0
- Direction
- increasee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Pea seedlings showed a significant increase in protein content as drought stress was increased”
Claim · model-written summary
Total carbohydrate levels increased as water availability fell.
- Taxon
- Pisum sativum L.Lathyrus oleraceust0
- Treatment
- water availabilitye0
- Outcome
- Total carbohydrate levelse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Total carbohydrate levels increased significantly when the amount of water availability decreased”
t0“Pisum sativum L.”
Claim · model-written summary
MDA content increased after 7 days and more sharply after 14 days of water stress.
- Taxon
- Pisum sativum L.Lathyrus oleraceust0
- Treatment
- water stresse0
- Outcome
- MDA contente0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- after 7 days and sharply after 14 dayse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“MDA content increased slightly but significantly after 7 days and sharply after 14 days under all water stress levels”
t0“Pisum sativum L.”
Claim · model-written summary
MDA increase was greatest at 20% and 10% water levels.
- Taxon
- Pisum sativum L.Lathyrus oleraceust0
- Outcome
- MDA contente0
- Direction
- maximum increasee0
- Value
- 20% and 10%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The maximum increase in MDA content was observed at 20% and 10% water levels”
t0“Pisum sativum L.”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors attribute drought coping to increased GABA, protein and carbohydrates supporting osmotic adjustment, oxidative protection and metabolism.
- Taxon
- Pisum sativum L.Lathyrus oleraceuse0
- Outcome
- physiological impact of drought stresse0
- Qualifier
- maintaining cellular osmotic adjustment, protecting plants from oxidative stress, balancing carbon and nitrogen (C:N) metabolism, and maintaining cell metabolic homeostasis and cell turgore0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the significant increases in GABA, protein and carbohydrate contents were to cope with the physiological impact of drought stress on Pisum sativum L. seedlings by maintaining cellular osmotic adjustment, protecting plants from oxidative stress, balancing carbon and nitrogen (C:N) metabolism, and maintaining cell metabolic homeostasis and cell turgor”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors advise avoiding severe and prolonged drought during pea germination.
- Taxon
- Pisum sativum L.Lathyrus oleraceuse0
- Outcome
- drought stress should be avoidede0
- Qualifier
- less than 40% water content of the holding capacitye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“severe (less than 40% water content of the holding capacity) and long-term drought stress should be avoided during the germination stage to ensure proper seedling growth and metabolism in Pisum sativum L.”
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See all 5 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.