Abstract
The effects of biochar on soil-plant-microorganisms systems are currently being extensively investigated. Considering that arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) play an essential role in nutrient dynamics, the present study aims at understanding vine shoot-derived biochar effects on AMF activity and the impact of their multiplication in soils on water-stress resistance of plants. Three agronomic tests were performed in greenhouse pots. The first experiment evaluated the effects of three factors: final pyrolysis temperature for biochar production (400 °C and 600 °C), application rate (0 weight-wt.- % as a control, 1.5 wt. %, and 3.0 wt. %) and texture of the growing media (sandy-loam and clay-loam origin) on AMF, microbial communities and phosphatase activity. In the second experiment, an indigenous consortium of AMF was multiplied through the solid substrate method and sorghum as a trap plant with biochar addition. This process was compared to a control treatment without biochar. Obtained inocula were tested in a third experiment with lettuce plants under different water irrigation conditions. Results from the first experiment showed a general increase in AMF activity with the addition of the biochar produced at 400 °C in the sandy-loam texture substrate. Results of the second experiment showed that the biochar addition increased AMF root colonization, the number of AMF spores and AMF infective potential. Results of the third experiment showed that biochar-derived AMF inoculum increased AMF root colonization, AMF spores, dry biomass and the SPAD index in a lettuce crop under low-water irrigation conditions.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Biochar produced at 400 °C increased AMF activity in sandy-loam substrate.
- Treatment
- the addition of the biochar produced at 400 °Ce0
- Interactor
- AMFe0symbiont
- Outcome
- AMF activitye0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Setting
- sandy-loam texture substratee0
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e0“a general increase in AMF activity with the addition of the biochar produced at 400 °C in the sandy-loam texture substrate”
t0“Agroenvironments”
Claim · model-written summary
Biochar increased AMF root colonization in sorghum trap plants.
- Treatment
- biochar additione0
- Interactor
- AMFe0symbiont
- Outcome
- AMF root colonizatione0
- Direction
- increasede0
SorghumNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the biochar addition increased AMF root colonization”
e1“sorghum as a trap plant with biochar addition”
Claim · model-written summary
Biochar increased the number of AMF spores in the sorghum trap plant experiment.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“biochar addition increased AMF root colonization, the number of AMF spores and AMF infective potential”
e1“sorghum as a trap plant with biochar addition”
Claim · model-written summary
Biochar increased AMF infective potential in the sorghum trap plant experiment.
- Treatment
- biochar additione0
- Interactor
- AMFe0symbiont
- Outcome
- AMF infective potentiale0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“biochar addition increased AMF root colonization, the number of AMF spores and AMF infective potential”
e1“sorghum as a trap plant with biochar addition”
Claim · model-written summary
Biochar-derived AMF inoculum increased AMF root colonization in lettuce under low-water irrigation.
- Taxon
- lettuce
Lactuca sativae0 - Treatment
- biochar-derived AMF inoculume0
- Interactor
- AMFe0symbiont
- Outcome
- AMF root colonizatione0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- low-water irrigation conditionse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“biochar-derived AMF inoculum increased AMF root colonization, AMF spores, dry biomass and the SPAD index in a lettuce crop under low-water irrigation conditions”
Claim · model-written summary
Biochar-derived AMF inoculum increased AMF spores in lettuce under low-water irrigation.
- Taxon
- lettuceLactuca sativae0
- Treatment
- biochar-derived AMF inoculume0
- Interactor
- AMFe0symbiont
- Outcome
- AMF sporese0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- low-water irrigation conditionse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“biochar-derived AMF inoculum increased AMF root colonization, AMF spores, dry biomass and the SPAD index in a lettuce crop under low-water irrigation conditions”
Claim · model-written summary
Biochar-derived AMF inoculum increased dry biomass in lettuce under low-water irrigation.
- Taxon
- lettuceLactuca sativae0
- Treatment
- biochar-derived AMF inoculume0
- Interactor
- AMFe0symbiont
- Outcome
- dry biomasse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- low-water irrigation conditionse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“biochar-derived AMF inoculum increased AMF root colonization, AMF spores, dry biomass and the SPAD index in a lettuce crop under low-water irrigation conditions”
Claim · model-written summary
Biochar-derived AMF inoculum increased the SPAD index in lettuce under low-water irrigation.
- Taxon
- lettuceLactuca sativae0
- Treatment
- biochar-derived AMF inoculume0
- Interactor
- AMFe0symbiont
- Outcome
- SPAD indexe0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- low-water irrigation conditionse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“biochar-derived AMF inoculum increased AMF root colonization, AMF spores, dry biomass and the SPAD index in a lettuce crop under low-water irrigation conditions”
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See all 8 papers →8 of 9 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.